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Ophthalmic Optics > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Visible Light

A

400-700 nm

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2
Q

Light is a____

A

Wave

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3
Q

A____ is a series of concentric circles that travel _____ ____ the source that created it.

A

Wavefront, away from

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4
Q

Rays are drawn ___ rom the wavefront

A

Perpendicular
Rays indicate which direction the wavefront is traveling

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5
Q

Steeper vergence (curvature of a wavefront) =

A

More curved, smaller circle, closer to the source, more energy

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6
Q

Flatter vergence (curvature of a wavefront)=

A

less curved, larger circles, traveling away from the source, less energy

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7
Q

Light rays traveling away from a source

A

Divergence

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8
Q

Light rays headed toward a focal point

A

Convergence

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9
Q

Light rays at an infinite distance will be

A

parallel

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10
Q

Refraction

A

measurement of the focusing characteristics of an eye or eyes

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11
Q

The radius of the _____ determines the dioptric power

A

Curvature, more curve =higher diopter

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12
Q

Thick middle, lighter edges ____ light

A

Convex, converge

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13
Q

Thin middle, thick edge ____ light

A

Concave, diverge

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14
Q

When we look at something we are looking at the _____ of that something

A

Image

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15
Q

Focal point right on the retina

A

Emmetropic

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16
Q

Light rays focus in front of the retina

A

Myopic

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17
Q

Light rays focus behind the retina

A

Hyperopic

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18
Q

Plus lenses are ____ and make light more _____

A

Convex, convergent

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19
Q

Minus lenses are _____ and make light more _____

A

Concave, divergent

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20
Q

Any color, interesting patterns, produced in sheets, can be molded, lightweight

A

Zylonite - Zyl: Cellulose Acetate

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21
Q

Disadvantages of Zyl

A

No shape memory, warping in heat, not super durable, decrease strength, can whiten by skin oils

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22
Q

Thermoplastic and silky, polyamide or glidamide, unbreakable and lightweight, stiff but flexible, hard to adjust, resistant to temp extremes

A

Nylon

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23
Q

Hypoallergenic, shape memory, more difficult to adjust, brittle when cold, very light, no shrinkage, molded,

A

Optyl

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24
Q

Nylon based plastic, hypoallergenic, lighter than zyl, more transparent colors

A

Cellulose Acetate Propionate

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25
Monel, most common for metal, plated with palladium, coating can rub off
Nickel-Steel
26
Lightweight, durable, strong, corrosion-resistant, color variety, hypoallergenic, combo metals for cheap.
Titanium
27
Steel-grey, w/copper, lower cost, resist corrosion and tarnish, lightweight, flexible, strong, easy to adjust, color variety
Beryllium
28
Alloy of steel and chromium, lightweight, strong, hypoallergenic, resistance to corrosion, abrasion, and heat
Stainless steel
29
Titanium-based alloy, Marchon origin, "memory metal", lightweight, hypoallergenic, corrosion-resistant
Flexon
30
Most abundant, silicone and iron added for strength, lightweight, corrosion-resistant, high-end eyewear
Aluminum
31
Ratio of the velocity of light in air to its velocity within a given media
Refractive index
32
<1.53
Low index
33
1.53-1.58
Mid-Index
34
1.59-1.66
High-Index
35
>1.66
Ultra-high index
36
Dispersion
The fuzziness surrounding colors because blue is more efficiently refracted compared to red (red is longer)
37
Ratio of differences between performance in the center of the visual spectrum compared to the ends, quantifying chromatic aberration
ABBE number
38
ABBE=
#yellow - 1/(#blue-#red)
39
gram/cm^2
specific gravity
40
Melting point for optical grade glass
1500C
41
Range of optical grade mineral glasses, high refractive index, low dispersion
Crown Glass
42
Manufactured by pouring molten glass into reusable molds and allowed to cool in place
Crown glass
43
Transparent organic (carbon) polymers
Plastics
44
Products manufactured using chemical process in ____ are called ____ or _____
Plastics, thermosetting polymers, resins
45
Products using an external thermal process in ____ are known as _____
Plastics, thermoplastics
46
CR39
Allyl Diglycol Carbonate, Resin
47
Utilizers monomer (base) and activator (catalyst or hardener)
Thermosetting Polymers (Resins)
48
Setting process for this material cannot be remodeled, no recycling
Resin, thermosetting polymers
49
Can be recycled, melted and remolded because of Polymethlymethacrylate (PMMA) Poly carbonate gl lenses
Thermoplastic
50
Z80.1
General standard for ophthalmic materials
51
Dropped ball test for general standard ophthalmic materials
Free fall impact of 5\8 inch diameter steel ball (~16 grams) from height of 50 inches at geometric center
52
Safety Lenses and Safety eyewear standards
Z87.1
53
Basic impact test for safety lenses
1 inch steel ball from 50 inches. min. lens thickness of 3mm, 2.5 for >3 D
54
High impact standard Z87.1- Resistance
lens and frame Withstand free fall impact of pointed steel missile (500 g) from height of 50 inches
55
High velocity Resistance for safety lenses (Z87.1)
Lens and frame withstand propelled impact of 1/4 in steel ball at velocity of 150 ft/sec
56
Z87
basic impact standard
57
Z87+
high impact standard
58
Shaded lenses
S Z87S 0r Z87S+
59
Photochromic lenses
V Z87V or Z87V+
60
Frame marking Z87
Basic impact
61
Frame marking Z87-2
High impact standard
62
Not recommended, increases impact resistance by 100-200%, heated to softening point and then air jets
Heat Tempered Glass
63
uses KNO3 (potassium Nitrate bath at 450 C for 16 hours
Chemical tempered process
64
In chemical tempering of glass do the K+ or Na+ migrate to the lens
K+

Ophthalmic Optics (1 decks)

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