Exam 1

Question 1

Describes the style of painting, loose and abstract

Answer 1

Fauvism

Question 2

Border of Science, conspiracy theories

Answer 2

Marginal sciences

Question 3

Claims to be science but is not

Answer 3

Pseudo-Science

Question 4

The study of what people thought throughout history have made of the sky. What role they played in their cultures

Answer 4

Archeoastronomy

Question 5

In chaco-canyon, lots of markers
- Natives disappeared mysteriously
-Road system

Answer 5

Fajada Butte

Question 6

A picture of a hand, a crescent moon, a star and a shooting star

Answer 6

Supernova pictograph

Question 7

Pecked into rock
-Pitina=brown covering

Answer 7

Petroglyph

Question 8

Painted on the surface of stone

Answer 8

Pictograph

Question 9

Arrangement of the land into a sign, symbol or place

Answer 9

Geoglyph

Question 10

A symbol on earth, that points at an association to the alignment of the heavens

Answer 10

Alignment

Question 11

Oldest native statue
-Sign of fertility

Answer 11

Venus of Willendorf

Question 12

Dig a ditch in a circle, pile dirt on one side

Answer 12

A Henge

Question 13

-Aubry holes are post holes filled with chalk+human bone
-May be used to measure astronomical features
-Remodeled multiple times
-Bluestones came from whales

Answer 13

Stonehenge

Question 14

Lines of magic powers

Answer 14

lay lines

Question 15

Big rocks, domes, circles, henges

Answer 15

Megolythic

Question 16

Giant stone heads

Answer 16

Olmec civilization

Question 17

-Worlds first natural philosopher
-Founder of Greek Science
-Model of a disk (Earth) floating on water
-Emphasis of water and magnets

Answer 17

Thales

Question 18

-Earth is a sphere
-Numbers are essential element in reality
-Believed space is made of ether
-Cult

Answer 18

Pythagoras

Question 19

-First to suggest that the earth and the heavens are made of the same elements

Answer 19

Anaxagoras

Question 20

-Atomism, purely materialist
-Everything has to be made of atoms or it doesn’t exist
- You cant cut something in half forever, always ends at its smallest form

Answer 20

Democritus

Question 21

• Stars are in some way spiritual essences, explanations tend to be “mythical” as apposed to “mechanical”
  -Student of Socrates
• Planets orbit are perfect circles

Answer 21

Plato

Question 22

Globes of astronomical world

Answer 22

Celestial globes

Question 23

Image of atlas holding up physical universe

Answer 23

Farnese Atlas

Question 24

-Credited with the first system of embedded planetary motions
-Earth is the center of many spheres rotating on different axis

Answer 24

Eudoxus

Question 25

-Students of Plato but disagreed with him -Tutored Alexander the Great

Answer 25

Aristotle

Question 26

What order did the spheres go in Aristotle's model of the universe?

Answer 26

1. Earth 2. Moon 3. Mercury 4. Venus 5. Sun 6. Mars 7. Jupiter 8. Saturn 9. Sphere of the fixed stars 10. Prime Mover

Question 27

-Proposed heliocentric model and calculated distance of the sun and moon from earth. By using right angles -Concluded that sun is much farther from the Earth and is really large -Quickly put aside because angle of stars change

Answer 27

Aristarchus

Question 28

Found the circumference of the earth, very accurate

Answer 28

Eratosthenes

Question 29

Only reason Aristarchus is remembered

Answer 29

Archimedes

Question 30

-First great observational astronomer -First star map - invented the system of measurements still used today - The movement of the earths axis

Answer 30

Hipparchus

Question 31

-Artifact of Hellenistic culture, badly corroded - Astrological predictions, highly complex technology - A computer?

Answer 31

The Antikythera

Question 32

-Secret religion to worship Mithras - Slaying of the white bull - Mystery religion, lost of practices are unknown -Slaying bull, dog, snake, scorpion, moon and sun. - Astronomy and religions can be intertwined

Answer 32

Mithraism

Question 33

-Born from rock -Slaughters white bull -Religious figure

Answer 33

Mithras

Question 34

-Synthesizes earlier astronomical ideas - Model could correctly forecast future planetary positions - Writes algemetest

Answer 34

Ptolemy

Question 35

1/4 of a circle that determines angular separation between two bodies

Answer 35

Quadrant

Question 36

God is everything, science sucks

Answer 36

Theocentric

Question 37

-"Rebirth" - Bringing back love of classical learning from Greeks and Romans - Humanism

Answer 37

Renaissance

Question 38

- Romantic poet - Started bringing back old documents

Answer 38

Petrarch

Question 39

Events that contributed to the renaissance

Answer 39

1. Petrarch 2. Printing Press 3. Fall of Constantinople 4. Lorenzo il magnifico 5. Columbus 6. The protestant reformation

Question 40

Medieval vs. Renaissance Art

Answer 40

-Medieval constructs images to show likeness, more copy and paste. -Mainly symbolic, frontal, intended to aid in devotion Renaissance art looks deeper, more realistic, drawings from life, descriptive rendering, accuracy and realism

Question 41

-Preserved circles, sun is in center, orbits of planets in years - No prime mover or fixed stars -1543 published revolutions

Answer 41

Copernicus

Question 42

Objections against earth rotations

Answer 42

1. What evidence is there that earth rotates? 2. Why cant we see any evidence of the parallax? 3. Why doesnt the moon go around the sun?

Question 43

-1608= telescopes are manufactured - Observes Jupiter's three moons and publishes it - Lots of shit goes down - Warned not to preach copernicanism as fact -Church banned Copernicus as a result - Published dialogue

Answer 43

Galileo

Question 44

What did Galileo observe?

Answer 44

1. The moon has craters, mountains and landscape 2. Venus has phases 3. Jupiter has four moons 4. Milky way composed of thousands of stars 5. Saturn has ears or handles, idk man its weird 6. The sun has dark spots and rotates