Exam 1 Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
What is it when consumers choose products because of beliefs concerning the performance properties of the textile? These properties are generally called ______
A
Serviceabiltiy
2
Q
When you think about why you chose the clothing you are wearing today
A
serviceability
3
Q
How many serviceability components are there and what are they?
A
8 - Aesthetics, durability, comfort and safety, appearance retention, care, environmental impact, cost, quality
4
Q
- Attractiveness or appearance of a product
- Cover, translucence, luster, drape, texture, hand
A
aesthetics
5
Q
- How the product withstands use
- Abrasion resistance, flexibility, pilling, strength, tenacity, cohesiveness, elongation
A
durability
6
Q
- Protecting the body from the environment
- ensuring the product does not harm
A
comfort and safety
7
Q
Absorbency, hydrophilic, hydrophobic, oleophilic, hygroscopic, dyeability, electrical conductivity, wicking, heat retention, heat conductivity, heat sensitivity, flammability, density, allergenic potential
A
comfort and safety
8
Q
How product maintains its appearance
- resiliency, compressibility, dimensional stability, shrinkage resistance, elasticity, mildew resistance, moth resistance
A
appearance retention
9
Q
- Describes the treatment required to maintain a textile product’s original appearance and cleanliness
- Absorbency, chemical reactivity, hydrophobic, hydrophilic, oleophilic
A
care
10
Q
- Production, use, care, disposal (life cycle)
- sustainability
A
Environmental impact
11
Q
influenced by many factors (even politics)
A
cost
12
Q
the sum total of product characteristics, including aesthetics, durability, comfort and safety, appearance retention, cost, and care
A
quality
13
Q
What are the three types of fibers?
A
natural, manufactured, synthetic
14
Q
Fibers grown or developed in nature in recognizable fiber form
A
natural fiber
15
Q
Material found in nature, but needs to be processed into a fiber
A
manufactured fibers
16
Q
Fibers made from chemical compounds produced in manufacturing facilities. Original form not recognizable as a fiber
A
synthetic fibers
17
Q
What are fiber properties related to?
A
length of fiber, size of fiber, cross section, surface contour, and crimp
18
Q
What are two different terms to describe length of fibers?
A
filament fibers, staple fibers
19
Q
fibers are as long as the yarn
A
filament
20
Q
when yarn is untwisted, fibers remain parallel
A
filament
21
Q
surface of the yarn is usually smoother
A
filament
22
Q
little or no twist may be added
A
filament
23
Q
slicker surface
A
filament
24
Q
less likely to trap soil
A
filament
25
less sensitive to abrasion
filament
26
more durable fiber
filament
27
less absorbent fiber
filament
28
measured in miles or kilometers
filament
29
fibers are shorter than the yarn
staple fiber
30
when yarn is untwisted, fibers are not completely parallel
staple fiber
31
surface of the yarn appears fuzzier because of the fiber ends
staple fiber
32
wist needs to be added to hold fibers together (think about wool)
staple
33
fiber more likely to abrade
staple
34
weaker and more absorbent fiber
staple
35
this fiber is measured in inches or centimeters
staple
36
Influences a fabric's performance and hand
fiber diameter
37
crisp, rough, stiff, resist crushing
large fibers
38
soft, pliable, drape easeir
fine fiber
39
fineness of fibers is measured in what?
micrometers
40
How are natural fibers in micrometers?
16-20 micrometers
41
What is manufactured fibers in micrometers?
it is controlled during production
42
what fiber is described as denier?
manufactured fibers
43
what are small and large numbers as a denier described as?
Small numbers describe fine fibers
large numbers describe course fibers
44
Fiber property that impacts luster, bulk, body, texture, hand
cross section
45
T or F : Cross section can be changed
Fasle: it can't be changed
46
T or F : Manufactured fibers shape can be changed
True
47
How is manufactured fibers shape controlled?
by the shape of the spinneret opening and the spinning method
48
What is surface contour?
determines whether it's smooth or rough
49
What does fiber crimp refer to?
the waves, bends, twists, coils, and curls along the length of the fiber
50
polymers are synthesized or made from small simple molecules
synthetic fibers
51
compounds used to produce fibers are more often petroleum based chemicals or petrochemicals
synthetic fibers
52
highly heat sensitive and will soften and melt
synthetic fibers
53
revolutionized life in the 20th century
synthetic fibers
54
Name four synthetic fibers
nylon, polyester, acrylic, spandex
55
Uses: carpets, apparel items including lingerie, hosiery, socks, swimsuits, outerwear and fashion items, industrial uses including parachutes, ropes, cords
Nylon
56
Chemical structure: polyamides from various sources
nylon
57
Aesthetics: vary with finishes and uses
nylon
58
Durability: excellent abrasion resistance and tenacity. High elongation and fade resistant
Comfort: poor absorbency and thermal retention
nylon
59
Appearance retention: high resiliency and dimensional stability
nylon
60
Care: machine wash (apparel) resistant to mold, mildew and roat and many chemicals
nylon
61
Color scavenger- absorbs colors
nylon
62
Environmental concerns: does not degrade quickly but is susceptible to damage from sunlight. Made from byproducts from oil refineries so it uses what were once considered waste products
nylon
63
Uses: apparel, sheets, blankets, draperies, mattress ticking, upholstery fabric, curtains
polyester
64
Chemical structure: made from terephthalate polymers
polyester
65
Aesthetics: looks like natural fiber when blended with other fibers
polyester
66
Durability: highly abrasion resistant and strong. Wet strength is comparable to dry. Better sunlight resistance than most synthetics
polyester
67
Comfort: not very absorbent so usually blended with more absorbent fibers. Moderate thermal retention and prone to static buildup
polyester
68
Appearance retention : highly resilient so resists wrinkling. Can be heat set into shape and accepts dyes well
polyester
69
Care: warm water wash recommended to minimize wrinkling. Oleophilic so may attract oily soils on fabric. Retains bacterial odor. Resistant to both acids and alkalis and can be bleached
polyester
70
Environmental concerns: similar to other synthetics
polyester
71
Uses: interiors and apparel
olefin
72
Chemical structure : long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85% by weight ethylene, propylene, or other olefin units except amorphous polyolefins
olefin
73
Both polyethylene and polypropylene are referred to as ____
olefin
74
Aesthetics : medium luster and smooth texture with a waxy hand
olefin
75
Durability : can be produced in different strengths with varying elongation
olefin
76
Comfort: not prone to static electricity. Good heat retention and is the lightest of the textile fibers
olefin
77
Appearance retention: excellent resiliency and elastic recovery, shrink resistant and can be heat set. Retains its appearance for years
olefin
78
Care: dries quickly after wetting, does not pick up color from stains or items that bleed in the wash. Oily stains are extremely difficult to remove
olefin
79
Environmental concerns: shares many of the same issues with nylon. Used often in erosion control fabrics in landscaping and in hazardous waste containers
olefin
80
uses : apparel, interior items, faux fingernails, outdoor furniture, tents, filters, office room dividers, sandbags, etc
acrylic
81
Chemical structure: long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85% by weight acrylonitrile units
acrylic
82
Aesthetics: soft hand
acrylic
83
Durability: moderate abrasion resistance, tenacity and elongation
acrylic
84
Comfort: poor absorbency, moderate thermal retention, non allergenic
acrylic
85
Appearance retention: moderate resilience, dimensional stability and elastic recovery
acrylic
86
Care: machine wash apparel, dry clean or dry extraction interior textiles. Creases can be set and removed by heat. Scorches easily and will become brittle at high temperatures.
acrylic
87
May felt or mat and have noticeable odor when wet
acrylic
88
Environmental concerns: resistant to mold, mildew, rot and many chemicals. Oil spills and chemicals used to process are a concern
acrylic
89
Name six different types of yarn
compound/composite, fancy yarn, BCF yarn, spun yarn, smooth filament, mono filament
90
long, continuous fiber strands of indefinite length
filament
91
produced as a loose rope of several thousand fibers, is crimped or textured
filament tow
92
the weight in grams of 9,000 meters of fiber or yarn
denier
93
weight in grams of 1,000 meters of fiber or yarn
tex
94
way of identifying fiber size. Calculated by diviing the yarn size by the number of filaments
denier per filament
95
waves, bends, twists, coils, or curls along the length of the fiber
fiber crimp
96
bends caused by distortion of yarns due to weaving and knitting a fabric
fabric crimp
97
is the ability of a fiber to conceal or protect
cover
98
is the ability of a textile to allow light to pass through
translucence
99
results from the way light is reflected by a surface
luster
100
is the way a fabric falls over a 3D form like a body or a table
Drape
101
describes the nature of the textile’s surface
texture
102
the way a textile feels to the skin
hand
103
ability of a textile to withstand the rubbing it gets during use
abrasion resistance
104
ability to bend repeatedly without breaking
flexibility
105
formation of balls of fiber on the fabric surface
piling
106
bility of a textile to withstand a pulling force
tenacity or tensile strength
107
ability of fibers to cling together during spinning
cohesiveness
108
s to the degree which a fiber may be stretched without breaking
elongation
109
lity of a fiber to take up moisture from the body
absorbency
110
bers absorb moisture readily
hydrophilic
111
fibers have little or no absorbency
hydrophobic
112
heaviest and coarsest of all hair fibers
kemp
113
sackcloth
jute
114
grasscloth
ramie
115
short flax fiber
tow
116
joints that contribute to its flexibility
nodes
117
fabric made from flax
linen
118
one of the oldest documented fibers
flax
119
reduces a bast fiber to length similar to that of cotton
cottonizing
120
bacterial rotting process
retting
121
describes all other cottons
conventional cotton
122
describes cotton fabric that has been washed with mild natural-based soap
green cotton
123
grows within a pod or boll from developing seeds
seed fiber
124
obtained from the stem and root of the plant
bast fiber
125
removed from the veins or ribs of a leaf
leaf fiber
126
referred to as bioengineered cotton
genetically modified cotton
127
waxlife film covering the primary, or outer, wall
cuticle
128
central canal through which nourishment travels through fiber
lumen
129
ribbonlike twists that characterize cotton
convolutions
130
produced following state fiber-certification standards on land where organic farming practices
organic cotton
131
produced on land where organic farming is practiced
transition cotton
132
describes practices and policies that reduce environmental pollution and do not exploit people or natural resources
sustainability
133
T or F: cradle-to-cradle concept can be applied to any company
true
