Exam 1

Question 1

Psychological science

Answer 1

Study through research of mind brain and behavior

Question 2

Nature vs nurture

Answer 2

Are psych characteristics biologically innate or acquired (scientists today say both)

Question 3

Functionalism

Answer 3

Approach to psych concerned with adaptive function of mind

Question 4

Structuralism

Answer 4

Studying parts of consciousness

Question 5

Behaviorism

Answer 5

Study of environmental influences on behavior

Question 6

William James

Answer 6

Principles of Psychology, functionalism, stream of consciousness

Question 7

George A. Miller

Answer 7

Father of psychology, Introspection

Question 8

Critical thinking

Answer 8

Systematically questioning and evaluating Information using good evidence to come to a conclusion

Question 9

Confirmation Bias

Answer 9

Downplaying evidence that doesn’t match what they already believe

Question 10

EEG

Answer 10

measures changes in electrical activity

Question 11

fMRI

Answer 11

Measures tiny changes in blood flow to show activity in brain

Question 12

Correlational studies

Answer 12

Describes and predicts natural relations between two variables

Question 13

Third variable problem

Answer 13

Correlation between two variables can be explained by third, unaccounted for, variable

Question 14

Confound

Answer 14

Anything effecting dependent variable that unintentionally varies between experimental conditions of the study

Question 15

Scientific method

Answer 15

1. Pose question
2. Research topic
3. Form hypothesis
4. Design study
5. Conduct study
6. Analyze data
7. Report results

Question 16

P-Hacking

Answer 16

Running many statistics until works for your study

Question 17

HARKing

Answer 17

Hypothesizing after results are known

Question 18

Descriptive research

Answer 18

Observing behavior to DESCRIBE it. Cannot provide explanations

Question 19

Observational

Answer 19

Observing behavior either via participation or naturalistic

Question 20

Inferential statistics

Answer 20

Estimates how likely effects are due to chance as opposed to true differences in population

Question 21

Case study

Answer 21

Method involving intensive study of unusual person or organization, cannot tell causation

Question 22

Belmont Report

Answer 22

• respect for autonomy
• beneficence: risks vs benefit
• justice: represents population as whole

Question 23

Random sample vs convenience sample

Answer 23

Every member of population is equally likely vs whoever can

Question 24

Construct validity

Answer 24

Extent to which variables measure what they are supposed to

Question 25

Internal validity

Answer 25

Degree to which effects are observed

Question 26

External validity

Answer 26

Degree to which findings can be generalized

Question 27

Debriefing

Answer 27

Informing participants of goal of study

Question 28

Central tendencies

Answer 28

Measuring typical response (mean, median, mode)

Question 29

Operational definition

Answer 29

Definitions that qualifies and quantifies a variable so it can be understood objectively