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Msk 2 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Kvp

A

Determines energy of X-ray beam

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2
Q

MAs

A

Determines number of X-ray photons produced

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3
Q

Fix exposure problems

A

Mas 50 or kvp by 15

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4
Q

Synarthroses joint

A

Immovable ie skull

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5
Q

Diarthroses joint

A

Have synovial, freely movable, knee fetlock hock

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6
Q

Ampiarthrosis joint

A

Slightly movable, vertebrae or pubis

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7
Q

Osteoarthritis definition

A

Progressive cartilage degradation characterized by softening, fibrillation, and erosion of the articulate surface

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8
Q

Cartilage blood supply?

A

Not direct, only by diffusion of nutrients

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9
Q

Early signs of oa in horses

A

Swelling, heat, lameness, behavioral hesitation to preform

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10
Q

How do nsaid work which pathway

A

Non selective cox inhibitor in the arachnoid acid pathway

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11
Q

What is surpass

A

Topical nsaid for horse, lower systemic,

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12
Q

Biphosphonates bad why

A

Renal consequences

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13
Q

Intraarticular steroids

A

Anti inflammatory, may cause laminitis or infection
Stops entire aracadonic pathways

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14
Q

Which steroid of intra inj horses

A

Depo longest acting but may be bad for Cartlidge
Triamc can cause laminitis

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15
Q

Platelet rich plasma inj.

A

Platelet concentrates made of auto genius blood with high plates in small volume plasma

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16
Q

Oa horse surgical options

A

Arthroscopy, ankylosis, arthrodesis

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17
Q

Oa in cats common type

A

Type 1 auto, inciting usually not found

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18
Q

Joints affected in cats from most to least

A

Spine, elbow, hip, stifle. Shoulder tarsus carpus

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19
Q

Which cats have high number of carpus tarsus affected

A

Scottish folds

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20
Q

Lameness score cat 1

A

Hardly visible, short strides, lifts foot when sitting, unable to jump, altered sitting position

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21
Q

Lameness score cat 2

A

Medium, clearly visible, head bob, weight bearing, tail shift,

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22
Q

Lameness score cat 3

A

High grade, toe touching non weight bearring

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23
Q

Oa cats pe findings

A

Crepitus, joint thickening, effusion, reduced range of motion

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24
Q

Cats X-ray OA typically see

Study These Flashcards
A

Osteophytosis, sclerosis, soft tissue thickening, joint effusion, mineralized bodies

25
Non surgery cats oa
Environmental modulation, pt, dietary modulation, nutraceuticals, drug therapy like nsaid
26
Multimodal analgesia cats oa
Combo of drugs, amantadine, gab, tramadol,
27
Sx cats oa
Intraarticular fragment removal, joint replacement, excision arthroscopy (ball removal) , arthrodesis (perm stabilization)
28
Type classification oa dogs
Type 2
29
Dog nsaid oa
Long term better, adverse effects lown
30
Dog galliprant
New class, blocks ep4 receptor, reduces inflammation
31
Omega 3 diet dogs
Only neutraceutical with proven evidence
32
Oa dogs exercise ?
Some tolerated short walk so don’t get stiff
33
Dog oa sx
Joint replacement, excision arthropoasty, arthrodesis,
34
Which imaging don’t have radiation
MRI and ultrasound
35
4 determinants of X-ray opacity
Atomic number Thicknes Physical and composit densities
36
Order of long bones from end to middle
Epiphysis- metaphysis- diaphysis
37
3 joint types
Synovial, cartilaginous, fibrous,
38
3 ways to tell bone aggression?
Cortical destruction, active periosteal reaction, no distinct transition zone
39
Primary bone tumor called?
Osteosarcoma
40
Several bone cancer
Carcinoma or lymphoma
41
Bone cancer centered around a joint
Tumor like histocytic sarcoma, synovial cell sarcoma
42
Dorsal lateral has what
Square tarsus, step or shelf
43
Dorsomedial has what
More rounded tarsus, 2/3 acesssory is superimposed
44
Most affected feline joint by osteroarthritis
Spine!
45
Oa changes on xray
Osteophytosis, sclerosis, soft tissue thickening, joint effusion
46
What is oa characterized by
Softening, fibrillation, erosion of articulate surface
47
Inflammatory cytokines of oa?
IL1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, il6
48
AAEP lameness scale level 1
Not consistent
49
AAEP level 2
Difficult at walk or straight line
50
AAEP level 3
Lameness at trot
51
AAEP level 4
Lameness at walk
52
OCD
Failure of endochondral ossification leading to retention of growth cartilage
53
Type 1 impa
Idiopathic
54
Type 2 impa
Infection remote from the joint
55
Impa type 3
GI dx
56
Impa type 4
Neoplasia
57
Drugs can cause impa
Sulfo!, Penicillin deriviertes, erythromycin, lincomycin, cephalosporins
58
Key difference between impa this and rheumatoid like arthritis
Rheumatoid factor RF

Msk 2 (2 decks)

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