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maternal newborn > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

total fertility rate

A

average number of children born if all women lived through childbearing years and bore children according to their fertility

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2
Q

numerical total fertility rate

A

> 2 population is growing
<2 population is declining

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3
Q

what affects total fertility rate

A

level of education, economy, religion, contraception, family planning programs

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4
Q

birth rate

A

number of live births per 1,000 people

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5
Q

what affects the birth rate

A

OCP, delayed child birth, legal elective abortions, cost to raise children

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6
Q

very premature

A

<32 weeks

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7
Q

moderately premature

A

32-33 weeks

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8
Q

late premature

A

34-36 weeks

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9
Q

complications of preterm births

A

leading cause of death under the age of 5

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10
Q

long term effects of preterm births

A

respiratory disorders, cerebral palsy, vision and hearing deficits, developmental delays

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11
Q

neonatal birth weight

A

predictor of mortality and morbidity

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12
Q

high birth weight

A

4000g and higher
lowest mortality rates in year 1 of life

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13
Q

normal birth weight

A

2500-3999g

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14
Q

low birth weight

A

<2500g

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15
Q

very low birth weight

A

<1500g
significantly higher mortality rates in year 1 of life

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16
Q

birth weight formula

A

weight (g)/ 454

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17
Q

maternal death

A

occurs during pregnancy or within 42 days of pregnancy termination caused by pregnancy related issues

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18
Q

direct obstetric death

A

a direct result from complications during pregnancy, labor, birth, or postpartum

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19
Q

indirect obstetric death

A

caused by preexisting or non-obstetrical disease exacerbated by pregnancy

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20
Q

late maternal death

A

more than 42 days after pregnancy termination from direct or indirect obstetrical cause

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21
Q

pregnancy-related death

A

during or up to 1 year after pregnancy ends due to pregnancy complication
(umbrella term)

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22
Q

direct obstetric death example

A

pp hemorrhage, DIC

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23
Q

indirect obstetric death

A

type 1 DM, SLE, HIV, CVD, renal disease, autoimmune disease

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24
Q

weight gain recommendations for BMI 18.5

A

gain 28-40 lbs

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25
weight gain recommendation for BMI 18.5-24.9
gain 25-35 lbs
26
weight gain recommendation for BMI 25-29.9
gain 15-25 lbs
27
weight gain recommendations for BMI >30
gain 11-20
28
ethics
disciplined study of mortality expressed in systematic norms
29
what code of ethics do nurses use
ANA- American Nurses Association code of ethics
30
what is the ANA used for
a resource for nurses during an ethical delimma
31
beneficence
obligation to do good doing what is best for the patient
32
Non-Maleficence
obligation to do no harm informing patient of harmful effects for drugs on fetus
33
Fidelity
keep your promise being loyal
34
Veracity
being truthful
35
Autonomy
involve individuals in decision-making process not applicable to fetus, only mother
36
justice
to allow fairness in the healthcare industry
37
Utilitarianism
do what is best for most
38
Libertarianism
give to the most deserving ex- organ transplant
39
Egalitarianism
everything should be equal ex- every nurse would have 4 patients and some patients don't have a nurse
40
4 obligations of a nurse when refusing an assignment
1- do not abandon pt or refuse care due to bias or prejudice 2- provide emergency care 3- inform the employer in advance 4- inform the provider of the situation when an ethical dilemma is identified
41
carrier testing
detect genetic mutations in family history
42
preimplantation testing
embryo is tested prior to implantation
43
prenatal testing
early detection
44
newborn screening
state-mandated heel stick phenlyketouria
45
menstrual cycle- follicular phase
begins with day 1 of menstruation and lasts 12-14 days. Follicle develops under influence of LH and FSH. the follicle produces estrogen (dominant in the first half of cycle)
46
menstrual cycle- ovulatory phase
begins with the estrogen level peak and the oocyte is released from the ovary LH levels surge 12-36 hours prior to ovulation.
47
menstrual cycle- luteal phase
begins after ovulation and lasts 14 days. progesterone levels are high during the second half of cycle.
48
menstrual cycle- failed implantation
the cycle restarts because corpus luteum sloughs resulting in decreased progesterone and menstruation
49
zygote
fertilized oocyte contains 46 chromosomes progresses to 16 cell morula
50
blastocyte
implants in endometrium on days 5-6 hCG is detectable implantation in upper posterior wall of uterus
51
embryonic stage
implantation to 8 weeks gestation germ layers
52
ectoderm
forms epidermis, hair, nails, lens, cornea, and mucosa of cavities
53
mesoderm
forms dermis, bone, cartilage, skeletal muscles, and kidneys
54
endoderm
forms mucosa of esophagus, stomach and lungs, liver, GB, pancreas, and thyroid
55
fetal stage
9 weeks gestation to birth organ system growth and maturation
56
fetal cardiovascular system
develops within weeks of conception heart beats after 3 weeks oxygenated blood enters fetus via umbilical vein
57
ductus venosus
connects umbilical vein to inferior vena cava oxygenated blood enters right atrium
58
foramen ovale
opening between the right and left atrium oxygenated blood is shunted to the left atrium and closes at delivery due to increased blood returning to the left atrium after birth
59
ductus arteriosus
connects pulmonary artery with descending aorta oxygenated blood is shunted to aorta via DA constricts after birth due to blood levels and prostaglandins
60
placenta
formed from maternal and fetal tissue provides nutrients, hormones, and metabolic gas exchange fully functioning 8-10w gestation
61
embryonic membrane
create sterile environment amniotic- inner layer choronic- outer layer
62
amniotic fluid
cushioning, protection, warmth normal 1000 ml
63
polyhydramnios
>1500 ml amniotic fluid
64
oligohydramnios
<500 ml amniotic fluid
65
umbilical cord
nutrition and gas exchange wrapped in Wharton's jelly 2 arteries 1 vein (AVA)
66
2 umbilical vessels
indicated cardiovascular defect
67
infertility female causative factors
ovulatory dysfunction (hormonal imbalance, thyroid dysfunction, premature ovarian failure) tubal or pelvic pathology (damage or fibroids) cervical mucous factors (infection or cryotherapy)
68
infertility male causative factors
endocrine disorders, spermatogenesis issue, sperm antibodies, sperm transport factors, disorders of intercourse
69
infertility (definition)
inability to conceive despite engaging in unprotected sex x12 months 6 months if over 35 y/o
70
fertility associated factors
decreased sperm production, endometriosis, ovulation disorders, tubal occlusions expense, feelings of stress, and effect on couples' relationship, lack of family support
71
assessment of infertility
medical history surgical history (female) obstetric history (female) gynecologic history (female) sexual history occupational/ environmental exposure risk nutrition status (female)
72
female-specific infertility assessment
endocrine disorders, history of pelvic and abdominal surgeries, spontaneous abortions, hormonal abnormalities (anovulation), abnormal uterine contours, exposure to teratogenic substances, over or underweight, substance use
73
male-specific infertility assessment
history of mumps, genetic disorders, history of STIs, exposure to teratogenic substances
74
infertility diagnostic procedures- female
pelvic exam hormone analysis postcoital test ultrasound hysterosalpingography hysteroscopy laproscopy
75
infertility diagnostic procedure- male
semen analysis ultrasound
76
intrauterine insemination
sperm placed in uterus
77
In Vitro Fertilization
fertilization of client's egg which is the implanted into the clients uterus
78
In Vitro Fertilization
egg fertilized outside the uterus and implanted
79
gamete intrafallopian transfer
egg retrieved and placed in sperm which is then injected into fallopian tube
80
donor oocyte
use of donor egg
81
donor embryo
donated embryo implanted in recipient uterus
82
gestational carrier
IVF process but implanted in a carrier (no genetic relation)
83
surrogate mother
inseminated with semen and carries fetus until birth
84
donor insemination
donor sperm

maternal newborn (1 decks)

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