Exam 1

Question 1

What is parenteral route of administration

Answer 1

Outside GI (IV, IO, IM)

Question 2

What effect will dehydration have on the admission of drugs

Answer 2

Less body water = water soluble drugs have smaller area for distribution which increases concentrations of the drug in the blood

Loss of electrolytes can cause cell channels to function improperly causing drug to not be used

Question 3

What is biotransformation? And how it works according to liver failure

Answer 3

Metabolism of the drug forming metabolites. Liver failure will leave drug in system longer and not metabolize

Question 4

You have given the wrong drug, what do you do?

Answer 4

Reverse the action if possible, immediately notify the receiving medical doctor, physician advisor, and document.

Question 5

Official drug name has USP

Answer 5

On the end

Question 6

Pure food and drug act 1906

Answer 6

First legislation. Little more than labeling of drugs. Created FDA

Question 7

What does it take to be on the schedule 1 drug list

Answer 7

No medicinal value, highly addictive, high potential for abuse – Heroine, MJ

Question 8

Why are peds, pregnancy and geriatric patients a special consideration when giving drugs

Answer 8

Peds all weight based, certain drug can affect fetus, drug interact differently for geriatrics (body water, metabolism, liver failure, kidney failure)

Question 9

Therapeutic dose, min. dose, max dose, and toxic dose

Answer 9

Therapeutic = effective, beneficial in 50%
Min = minimum to have beneficial effect
Max = below is therapeutic, above is toxic. 24 hours
Toxic = Toxicity in 50%

Question 10

Renopathy effects elimination

Answer 10

Kidneys. If they don’t work, drug wont leave

Question 11

Facilitated transport with glucose and insulin

Answer 11

Facilitated diffusion carrier proteins shuttle molecules across membrane without using energy. Insulin allows for cells to use glucose. No insulin needed in brain or placenta

Question 12

Steps to IM injection essay

Answer 12

PPE. Assemble equipment. Explain procedure. Check 6 Rights for med. Clean site with ETOH, in to out. Spread skin. Insert at 90. Draw back for blood aspiration - push if none. Remove, massage, and hold pressure. Dispose of needle. Monitor pt.

Question 13

4 complications of IV therapy

Answer 13

Pain, local infection, pyrogenic reaction, cath shear, arterial puncture, thrombus formation, air embolism, necrosis

Question 14

Explain administration of hypertonic in relation to the cells- crenation

Answer 14

Hypertonic solution draws water out of cell. Cell shrinks and dies. Can cause hyperK. D50

Question 15

Define Teratogenic

Answer 15

Harmful/kills fetus

Question 16

Define gauge

Answer 16

Size of needle/catheter. Smaller gauge is larger

Question 17

Define transdermal

Answer 17

Absorbed through skin

Question 18

Define parenteral

Answer 18

Any route outside of the GI system

Question 19

Define sublingual

Answer 19

Underneath the tongue

Question 20

Define buccal

Answer 20

Between the cheek and gums

Question 21

Define drug

Answer 21

Chemicals to diagnose, treat and prevent disease

Question 22

Define synergism

Answer 22

Combined effects of 2 medications where the result is greater than the parts. 1 + 1 = 3

Question 23

Define efficacy

Answer 23

The ability of the drug to produce a physiologic response

Question 24

Define bolus

Answer 24

A single dose/determined amount of a drug given over specified time

Question 25

Define pharmacokinetics

Answer 25

Action of the drug within the body. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion

Question 26

Define Pharmacology

Answer 26

The study of drugs to include their actions and effects

Question 27

Define analgesia

Answer 27

Pain relief

Question 28

Define potentiate

Answer 28

To increase the effect of

Question 29

Describe the responsibilities of a medic as it applies to Schedule 2 drugs

Answer 29

Schedule 2 are highly abused, highly addictive. Narcs. Keep locked up, document appropriately.

Question 30

Name 2 hypertensive drugs (class)

Answer 30

Metoprolol- Beta blocker Capoten (Captopril)- Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor Betablockers ACE inhibitors ARB’s

Question 31

Name 2 depression drugs (class)

Answer 31

SSRI’s MAOI’s Tricyclics

Question 32

Where it the sciatic nerve located?

Answer 32

Located at the gluteal muscle

Question 33

What is the DEA

Answer 33

agency that has authority over the use, abuse, and regulation of medically approved control substances.

Question 34

What is facilitated diffusion?

Answer 34

Spontaneous passive transport of molecules across membrane via proteins

Question 35

Pure Food Drug Act 1906

Answer 35

Drug labeling. Created FDA

Question 36

Administering the wrong drug

Answer 36

immediately notify the receiving medical doctor, physician advisor, and document.

Question 37

Where does biotransformation occur?

Answer 37

The liver

Question 38

Steps for IM administration

Answer 38

Confirm the medication order, ensure appropriate PPE. Assemble necessary equipment and explain the procedure to the Pt. Follow 6 rights of medication administration and prepare the correct dose. Select appropriate injection site and clean with alcohol pad in circular motion starting from center and working outwards. Allow alcohol to dry. Spread skin at injection site While holding skin taught, insert needle at a 90-degree angle using a quick darting motion Draw back plunger to look for aspiration, if blood is present remove needle and look for a different spot. If no blood is present, push plunger with a continuous motion to inject the desired dosage of the medication. Quickly withdraw the needle, and gently massage the injection site to help disperse the medication into the muscle. Apply a sterile gauze pad or bandage if bleeding is present. Properly dispose of needle in sharps container and watch the Pt. for desired/ adverse effects. Properly document procedure.

Question 39

6 Rights for Medication administration

Answer 39

Right patient Right Drug Right Dose Right Time Right Route Right Documentation

Question 40

Responsibilities for the paramedic and schedule II drugs

Question 41

Hypertension drug classes

Answer 41

Beta Blocker and ACE inhibitor

Question 42

Depression Drug classes

Answer 42

tricyclic and SSRI and MAOI

Question 43

Effects of Beta Blockers

Question 44

Effects of Beta Adernergic drugs

Question 45

Cellulitis or abscess

Answer 45

Can occur after parenteral IM drug administration

Question 46

Nebulized is considered a parenteral

Answer 46

Route of delivery

Question 47

Define Therapeutic dose

Answer 47

dose required to produce a beneficial effect in 50% of the population

Question 48

Define toxic dose

Answer 48

The dose which caused toxicity in 50% of the population

Question 49

Define max dose

Answer 49

Maximum dose that can be administered in 24 hours based on body size

Question 50

Define minimum dose

Answer 50

The smallest amount of drug that will produce the desired effect in the patient

Question 51

What is latrogeny

Answer 51

Injury caused by treatment

Question 52

Define sterile

Answer 52

Free of all forms of life

Question 53

Define Medically clean

Answer 53

involves the carefully handling to prevent contamination