Exam 1 Flashcards
(40 cards)
a portion of DNA that determines a trait
gene
a specific form of a gene
allele
an organisms genetic information
genotype
set of observable physical traits
phenotype
identical alleles (TT or tt)
homozygous
different alleles (Tt)
heterozygous
phenotype ratio
3:1
genotype ratio
1:2:1
what is inherited
particles
true or false: traits can be blended
false
frequencies of alleles and genotypes will remain ____ overtime in the absence of other evolutionary influences
constant
hardy-weinberg equation
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 or p+q=1
what does P squared represent?
frequency of the homozygous dominant allele
what does q squared represent?
frequency of the homozygous recessive allele
what does 2pq represent?
frequency of the heterozygous allele
In the lab, why are alleles (beans) returned to their containers everytime?
to keep the same probability of alleles
how is the frequency of a genotype calculated?
the number of one genotype divided by the number of all genotypes
what are the 3 basic shapes of bacteria
- bacilli (rods)
- cocci (spheres)
- sprillia/spirochetes (spirals)
what color is a positive gram stain?
purple
what color is a negative gram stain?
pink/red
what are the arrangements of bacteria
-singles
-pairs
-clusters
-chains
-tetrads
what are the two cycles of bacteriophage replication called?
lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle
a virus that attacks bacteria
bacteriophage
in which cycle does the virus become dormant inside the host cell
lysogenic
