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HESP 133 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Wolff’s Law

A

bones and soft tissue accommodate (grow) to the stresses and strains placed upon them

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2
Q

shoulder girdle bones

A

scapula and clavicle

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3
Q

sternocleimastoid insertion

A

mastoid process

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4
Q

isometric

static

A

no joint movement

Muscle doesn’t change in length, but create tension and contraction

Push/pull against unmovable object -> Feel tension, but no movement

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5
Q

Sprengel’s Deformity Etiology

A

failure of the scapula to descend during embryological development

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6
Q

head over the pelvis

A
  • After birth, baby goes from C curve to S curve
  • body wants the head over the pelvis
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7
Q

Subclavius Primary Function

A

protects sternal clavicular joint

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8
Q

Outward/Lateral/External rotation

A

rotary movement around longitudinal axis of a bone away from body’s midline

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9
Q

What can affect flexibility?

A
  • exercise
  • specific training
  • habitual movement patterns
  • age
  • stability
  • structure
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10
Q

range of motion

A

range of movement a joint has

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11
Q

posterior

A

behind, back, rear

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12
Q

Rhomboid Origin

A

C7 to T5 on the spinous process (medial border)

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13
Q

mover/agonist

A
  • Muscle contracts concentrically for joint actions results
  • When does concentric work
  • Shortens to overcome a force
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14
Q

acromiclavicular joint ligaments

A
  • Acromioclavicular
  • Coracoclavicular
  • Coracoacromial
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15
Q

sternocleimastoid deviation

A

wry neck a.k.a. Torticollis

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16
Q

Anterior

A

in front of/the front part

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17
Q

Subclavius Insertion

A

clavicle

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18
Q

contralateral

A

on the opposite side

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19
Q

Upward Rotation

A

scapula rotates in frontal plane
inferior angle moving laterally and upward

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20
Q

serratus anterior origin

A

upper 8 or 9 ribs

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21
Q

sternoclavicular joint ligaments

A
  • sternoclavicular
  • interclavicular
  • costoclavicular
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22
Q

supine

A

body is face-upward

person lays on back

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23
Q

sternocleimastoid origin

A

sternum and clavicle

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24
Q

flexibility

A

range of motion

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25
medial
nearer to median/midsagittal plane | related to the middle/center internal; inward
26
circumduction
circular movement of a bone at joint combo of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction
27
Sprengel's Deformity description
unilateral elevation of the scapula
28
Subclavius Origin
inferior surface of the 1st rib
29
Subclavius Action
* assistant mover * abducts, shortens, pulls scapula down anteriorly * concentric
30
Internal rotation | rotation medially/inward rotation/medial rotation
rotary movement around longitudinal axis of a bone toward body’s midline
31
pectoralis minor action
* abducts -> pulls in a downward rotation of the SG * depresses
32
superior | supra
above another structure
33
Levator Scapula Origin
transverse processes of upper 4 cervical vertebrae (C1 to C4)
34
origin | structural
proximal attachment | part attached closest to midline/center of the body
35
Ventral
related to belly/abdomen on/toward front
36
Trapezius Action
upward/downward rotation and abduction/adduction of the shoulder girdle/scapula
37
concentric
* Agonists overcome an external force/resistance * muscles shorten * acute tension
38
elevation
superior movement of shoulder girdle
39
serratus anterior action
* abducts and downward rotation * draws scapulas inferior angle laterally and it upward rotates
40
Trapezius Insertion
* lateral third of clavicle * medial border of acromion process * scapular spine
41
Rhomboid Action
* oblique pulls to scapula * fibers go to insertion * upward/downward rotation, swings medially, scapula adducts
42
serratus anterior insertion
scapula (by costal surface of rib cage)
43
inward/medial
toward the midline
44
depression
inferior movement of shoulder girdle
45
What affects range of motion?
ligaments, tendons, flexibility, and muscle imbalance
46
Why are SJ flexion and abduction difficult if the trapezius is weak?
* poor rotation * Part wants to elevate and other wants to depression -> elevation and adduction -> neutralizes
47
Rhomboid Insertion
scapula's medial border near the base of the scapula's spine
48
shoulder girdle movement
* depression and elevation * upward and downward rotation * abduction and adduction
49
bilateral
on right and left sides of the body/body structure
50
caudal
**below** another structure (inferior) toward the tail
51
extension
forearm moves away from shoulder elbow straightens to increase angle
52
shoulder joint movement
* adduction and abduction * flexion and extension * internal and external rotation * circumduction
53
lateral
outside, farther from median/midsagittal plane | on/to the side external; outward
54
Horizontal Adduction | horizontal flexion/transverse adduction
humorous/femur movement in horizontal plane toward from body’s midline
55
Contraction
development of tension in a muscle | type of muscle activation that contracts and creates tension
56
eccentric
* goes with resistance * antagonists are overcome by external force * muscle lengthens
57
Horizontal Abduction | horizontal extension/transverse abduction
humorous/femur movement in horizontal plane away from body’s midline
58
ipsilateral
on the same side
59
Levator Scapula Insertion
scapula’s medial border
60
What's stability's and mobility's relationship?
inverse | the more stable a joint is, the less moble the bones are
61
What are the limits of range of motion?
Bones, ligaments, type of joint, damage, stretching, integrity, condition muscle/joint is in, etc.
62
Levator Scapula Action
* SG fibers concentrically contracts, pulls on scapula, and shortens -> elevates * accromium (pulls oblique to medial border) and posterior muscles adduct
63
abduction
medial movement toward and/or across trunk’s midline in frontal plane | e.g., raising arm/thigh to the side away from anatomical position
64
pectoralis minor origin
anterior surface of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th rib
65
adduction
medial movement toward and/or across trunk’s midline in frontal plane | e.g., lowering arm/thigh to the side away from anatomical position
66
sternocleimastoid action
cervicle flexion (both sides contract)
67
dorsal ## Footnote dorsum
related to the back or the top of the foot | being/located near, on/toward the back, posterior part, or upper surface
68
plantar ## Footnote volar
related to the sole of the foot
69
Horizontal Adduction | horizontal flexion/transverse adduction
humorous/femur movement in horizontal plane towards the body’s midline
70
pectoralis minor respiration
3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs lift up rib cage inspiration: increase volume and decrease pressure -> air goes into body
71
insertion | structural
distal attachment | part attached farthest from the midline/center of the body
72
origin | Functional/HIstorical
least moveable part or muscle’s attachment
73
Wolff's Law and Muscles
* get adaptation and possibly interfering if only exercise 1 muscle group and not others (especially opposite) * any muscle unopposed will shorten ## Footnote Habitual behavior = muscle shortens = opposing muscle gets longer and weaker = Exercise helps fix problem
74
downward rotation
scapula rotates in frontal plane inferior angle moves medially and down
75
prone
body is face-**downward** | lying on stomach
76
inferior | infra
below another structure
77
insertion | Functional/Historical
most moveable part
78
shoulder joint bones
scapula, clavicle, humerus
79
sternocleidomastoid action
cervicle flexion (both sides contract)
80
flexion
forearm moves toward the shoulder elbow bends to decrease angle
81
Trapezius Origin
* **C1 to T12 spinous process** * occipital * neck ligament
82
pectoralis minor insertion
coricoid process

HESP 133 (2 decks)

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