Exam 1

Question 1

CPU

Answer 1

The circuitry in a computer that controls the manipulation of data is called the central processing
unit.

Question 2

What are the three parts of the CPU

Answer 2

Arithmetic/ Logic Unit(ALU), Control Unit and Register Unit.

Question 3

What’s the function of the Arithmetic Unit

Answer 3

The ALU performs operations on data such as addition and subtraction.

Question 4

What’s the function of the Control Unit

Answer 4

contains the circuitry for coordinating the machine’s activities.

Question 5

What’s the function of the Register Unit

Answer 5

contains data storage cells called registers.

Question 6

Bus

Answer 6

The bus is the electronic connection that connects all the devices on the computer to the CPU and
each other.

Question 7

Main Memory

Answer 7

Main Memory is the high speed memory associated with the CPU (but not included in
the CPU) that stores computer programs for execution.

Question 8

Stored Program Concept

Answer 8

The idea of storing programs in main memory is called the

Question 9

Computer Programs

Answer 9

In order for instructions to be executed by the CPU, they must be reduced to machine language.

Question 10

Machine Language Instruction

Answer 10

Consists of an instruction code followed by an address or addresses. the computer uses a compiler to convert
the instructions to machine code.

Question 11

List the 5 types of instructions

Answer 11

Branch
Arithmetic
Read
Write
Conditional

Question 12

Clock

Answer 12

Circuitry in the control unit that provides for coordinates instruction execution.

Question 13

FIRMWARE

Answer 13

Instructions stored in read only memory in devices to speed operations.

Question 14

Machine cycle

Answer 14

Fetch, Decode, and Execute

Question 15

Program Counter

Answer 15

Internal counter that keeps up with the address of the nest instruction to be decoded for execution.

Question 16

Motherboard

Answer 16

is a large circuit board that holds computer components. Its called a motherboard
because of its capability to extend its capabilities with the addition of daughterboard’s or add on cards. It
is also called the mainboard.

Question 17

Who is George Boole was and what did he contribute.

Answer 17

English mathematician who helped establish modern symbolic logic and whose algebra of logic, now called Boolean algebra, is basic to the design of digital computer circuits.

Question 18

Boolean Operations

Answer 18

Operations that manipulate true/ false
values.

Question 19

Gate

Answer 19

Devices that produce output of a Boolean operation when given any input values is called a gate. Gates are the building blocks from which computers are constructed.

Question 20

Memory

Answer 20

Main memory is organized in units called cells with a typical size of 8 bits (one byte). Each cell can be addressed with a unique name called its address.

Question 21

What are the different types of memory

Answer 21

Random Access Memory (RAM)
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
Synchronized dynamic RAM (SDRAM)

Question 22

Magnetic Disk

Answer 22

An information storage device for a computer in the shape of a round flat plate that can be rotated to give access to all parts of the surface. The data may be stored either magnetically or optically.

Question 23

CD optical storage

Answer 23

any storage type in which data is written and read with a laser.

Question 24

Flash Drive

Answer 24

a small electronic device containing flash memory that is used for storing data or transferring it to or from a computer.

Question 25

Data

Answer 25

can be stored as integers, floating point numbers and characters. Characters are usually represented in 8 bit bytes as hexadecimal characters with 2 hex characters representing the character.

Question 26

Who is Herman Hollerith

Answer 26

A German-American statistician, inventor, and businessman invented who developed a punch-card tabulation machine system that revolutionized statistical computation.

Question 27

In ______ John von Neumann develops the definition of modern computer architecture.

Answer 27

1945

Question 28

In ______ Bell Labs develops the first transistor

Answer 28

1947

Question 29

In ______ the first commercial, non government computer is delivered to the GE plant in Louisville Ky

Answer 29

1954

Question 30

In ______ Grace Hopper develops the first compiler (COBOL)

Answer 30

1956

Question 31

In ________ Transistors replace vacuum tubes for computer storage

Answer 31

1960

Question 32

In ________ integrated circuits are applied to technology

Answer 32

1965

Question 33

In ______ Texas Instrument delivers the first hand held calculator.

Answer 33

1966

Question 34

In _______ the first microcomputer (MIT’s Altair) commercially produced and marketed

Answer 34

1975

Question 35

In ______ Apple II introduced

Answer 35

1977

Question 36

In _____ IBM PC introduced

Answer 36

1981

Question 37

In ____ Apple Macintosh introduced

Answer 37

1984

Question 38

In ________ AT&T's video phone released

Answer 38

1992

Question 39

Label

Answer 39

a sequence of characters that identifies a location within source code

Question 40

Labels must be less than _____ characters long and not contain blanks or symbols

Answer 40

12

Question 41

_______ should always be at the end of your program and signals the compiler that this is the last instruction executed.

Answer 41

END command

Question 42

_________ prints the specified message to the screen, or other standard output device.

Answer 42

Print Command

Question 43

________ allows the programmer to document the program

Answer 43

Comment commands