Exam 1 Flashcards

(41 cards)

1
Q

Purposes of reproduction

A

Perpetuation of species
To provide food
Genetic improvement

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2
Q

Ductless glands, secrete directly into blood

A

Endocrine glands

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3
Q

Ducts, secrete externally

A

Exocrine glands

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4
Q

What glands secrete hormones and where do they go

A

Endocrine glands, carried by blood to specific target tissues where they evoke physiological adjustments

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5
Q

Properties of hormones

A

Effect specialized tissues containing receptors
Are not chemically unique
Have variable speeds of reaction
Active at very low concentrations

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6
Q

Hormones from anterior pituitary

A

LH, FSH, prolactin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone

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7
Q

FSH actions in females

A

Follicle growth
Estrogen production (in conjunction with LH)
Inhibin production

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8
Q

FSH actions in males

A

Spermiogenesis
Inhibin production
Androgen-binding protein

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9
Q

Action of LH in females

A

Maturation of follicle
Ovulation
CL formation
Progesterone production (luteotropic effect)

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10
Q

Action of LH in males

A

Testosterone production (from leydig cells )

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11
Q

What kind of hormone is prolactin

A

Lactotropin

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12
Q

Actions of prolactin

A

Milk synthesis
Development of mammary glands
Maternal behavior

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13
Q

What cells produce ACTH

A

Corticotrope

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14
Q

Action of ACTH

A

Release of glucocorticoids (cortisol) from adrenal glands

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15
Q

Hormones from ovary

A

Estrogens, progesterones, Inhibin, and relaxin

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16
Q

site of production and some actions of estrogen

A

theca and granulosa cells of follicle; uterine contractions, positive and negative feedback on gonadotropins, duct growth of mammary glands, secondary sex characteristics

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17
Q

site of production and action of progesterone

A

luteal cells of CL; maintains pregnancy

18
Q

site of production for inhibin (folliculostatin) and actions

A

granulosa cells of follicle, found in follicular fluid; suppresses release of FSH

19
Q

site of production for relaxin and actions

A

luteal cells of CL during pregnancy (also placenta and uterus); relaxes body during pregnancy

20
Q

hormones from testis

A

androgens (testosterone), ABP, and inhbin

21
Q

site of production and action of testosterone

A

Leydig cells of testis (stimulated by LH); spermatocytogenesis and male sexual behavior

22
Q

site of production and action of inhibin

A

Sertoli cells of testis, suppressed FSH

23
Q

site of production and action of ABP

A

sertoli cells; binds androgens to maintain high conc. for spermatogenesis

24
Q

Hormones from placenta

A

estrogens, progestins, relaxin, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG or eCG), placental lactogen, and interferon

25
site of production and action for hCG
syncytiotrophoblastic cells of trophoblast; converts CL of menstrual cycle to CL of pregnancy
26
site of production and action of PMSG/ eCG
endometrial cells of mares placenta ( get from the separation of serum); formation of accessory and primary CL during pregnancy, FSH-like in domestic animals other than the mare, stimulates excessive follicular development in domestic animals other than mare
27
site of production and action of placental lactogen
placenta; developes mammary gland for milk production, regulation of maternal nutrients to fetus, regulation of fetal growth
28
where is placental lactogen highest
last trimester of pregnancy (higher in dairy cattle)
29
What is interferon also known as
OTP and bTP
30
site of production and action of interferon
placenta of bovine and ovine; role in maternal recognition
31
hormones from uterus
relaxin, prostaglandin (PGF2a and PGe2)
32
precursor to PGF2a
arachidonic acid
33
site of production and action of PGF2a
endometrial cells of the uterus and vesicular glands in male; regression of CL, constriction of blood vessels, smooth muscle contraction for sperm and ovum transport, stimulates gonadotropin release
34
uses of PGF2a
synchronization of estrus and ovulation in cows and mares, the luteolytic effect of CL, abortion in feedlot cattle
35
precursor to PGE2
arachidonic acid
36
what kind of hormone if PGE2
lipid
37
Hormones from adrenal cortex
Glucocorticoids (cortisol)
38
site of production and action of cortisol
adrenal cortex; initiation of parturition, synergizes with prolactin to initiate milk synthesis, reduces inflammation
39
what is compudose used for
increase anabolic effect
40
what is trenbolone acetate "revalor" used for
increase weight gain and feed efficiency
41
what is melengestrol a compound of
progestin