Exam 1

Question 1

Any combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, and/or phonological representation of speech sounds/ segments that impact speech intelligibility

Answer 1

Speech sound Disorder

Question 2

Bowen’s speech sound disorder umbrella categories

Answer 2

Anatomical/sensory, motoric, perceptual, phonetic, phonemic

Question 3

Anatomical/sensory

Answer 3

Ankyloglossia, cleft, palate, hearing impairment

Question 4

Motric

Answer 4

Execution- dysarthria, planning- apraxia

Question 5

Perceptual

Answer 5

Articulation and phonological

Question 6

Phonetic

Answer 6

Articulation

Question 7

Phonemic

Answer 7

Phonological

Question 8

Subcategory of speech disorder, atypical production of phonemes, characterized by substitutions, omissions, distortions, and additions (SODA), motor-based

Answer 8

Articulation disorder

Question 9

Subcategory of language disorder, impaired comprehension of a sound system and rules that govern sound combinations, sound- system based

Answer 9

Phonological disorder

Question 10

Anatomical/ physiological systems of the speech mechanism

Answer 10

Respiratory (gas exchange), phonatory (protection from foreign bodies), resonatory ( modifies sound), articulatory( sound production)

Question 11

Vowels (open) described by…

Answer 11

Height, unrounded/ rounded, front/back/central

Question 12

Consonants (constricted) described by…

Answer 12

Place, manner, voicing

Question 13

Vowel quadrilateral

Answer 13

Look. At the quiz let

Question 14

How can knowledge of the vowel quadrilateral can assist in selecting target words for articulation therapy?

Answer 14

Knowing the placement of different vowels in the vowel quadrilateral (whether they’re high/low, front/back) can help to select words for therapy that feature the sounds/ specific articulatory areas of error

Question 15

Coarticulation

Answer 15

Articulators move into position to accommodate for other sounds

Question 16

Adaptive articulatory changes causing a speech sound to become similar/ identical to a neighboring sound

Answer 16

Assimilation

Question 17

Nucleus/ most intense portion of a word

Answer 17

Peak

Question 18

All segments prior to peak

Answer 18

Onset

Question 19

All segments after peak

Answer 19

Coda

Question 20

Phonetic elements that distinguish one phoneme from another, creates sound classes

Answer 20

Distinctive features

Question 21

________ system is used in distinctive features to identify feature presence/ absence

Answer 21

Binary

Question 22

5 features of distinctive feature systems

Answer 22

Major class, cavity, manner of articulation, source, prosodic

Question 23

Major class

Answer 23

Characterize and distinguish among 3 sounds- sonorant, consonant, approximate

Question 24

Cavity

Answer 24

Place of articulation- coronal anterior, distributes, nasal, lateral, high, low, back

Question 25

Manner of articulation

Answer 25

Way articulators work together to produce sound classes- continuant ( vowels, fricatives, approximate) delayed release ( affricates)

Question 26

Source

Answer 26

Subglottal air pressure- voiced, strident (loud,harsh sound)

Question 27

Prosodic

Answer 27

Musical qualities of language, including intonation, stress, and rhythm

Question 28

Generative phonology theory

Answer 28

Surface- level representation, underlying form/ deep structure, phonological representation, phonetic representation

Question 29

Surface - level representation

Answer 29

Phonetic, surface forms, end products of production

Question 30

Underlying form/ deep structure

Answer 30

Underlying meaning

Question 31

Phonological representation

Answer 31

Abstract underlying form of sound representation

Question 32

Phonetic representation

Answer 32

Modified surface form of sound representation

Question 33

Phonological processes

Answer 33

Patterns children demonstrate when learning adult speech

Question 34

3 phonological processes categories

Answer 34

Syllable structure, substitution, assimilatory

Question 35

Limitation (natural phonology

Answer 35

Differences become limited to specific sounds

Question 36

Differences become limited to specific sounds

Answer 36

Limitation (Natural phonology)

Question 37

Ordering ( natural phonology)

Answer 37

Differences in substitutions become more organized

Question 38

Suppression (natural phonology)

Answer 38

Abolishment of 1+ phonological processes, transition to adult speech

Question 39

Nonlinear phonologies

Answer 39

Feature geometry, optimality theory

Question 40

Feature geometry

Answer 40

Nodes- rule- governed

Question 41

Optimality theory

Answer 41

Markedness, constraint- based

Question 42

T/F- all theories differentiate between phonetic/ phonemic

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Natural phonology deals with…

Answer 43

Phonological processes

Question 44

Phonetic =_________

Answer 44

Surface representation

Question 45

Phonemic =______

Answer 45

Underlying form/ meaning

Question 46

Distinctive features used clinically demonstrate_______

Answer 46

Error patterns

Question 47

Difference between linear and nonlinear phonologies

Answer 47

Nonlinear believe in a hierarchy between segments

Question 48

Sonorant

Answer 48

Open vocal tract, promoting voicing

Question 49

Consonantal

Answer 49

Sounds produced with a high degree of oral obstruction

Question 50

Approximant

Answer 50

Sounds produced with a low degree of oral obstruction

Question 51

Binary used

Answer 51

A plus and minus system (+) presence (-) absence

Question 52

Coronal

Answer 52

Blade of tongue raised from neutral

Question 53

Anterior

Answer 53

Front region of oral cavity (anterior of the alveolar ridge)

Question 54

Distributed

Answer 54

Sounds with long oral - Sagittal constriction

Question 55

Nasel

Answer 55

Open nasal passageway

Question 56

Lateral

Answer 56

Lowered lateral rim portion of the tongue

Question 57

High

Answer 57

High tongue position

Question 58

Low

Answer 58

Vowles produced with low tongue position /a/ only consonants would be /h/

Question 59

Back

Answer 59

Vowels consonants produced /w/ retracted tongue body/ back vowels, velar, pharyngeal consonants

Question 60

Round

Answer 60

Lip rounding /u,w/