Exam #1 Flashcards
Lincoln’s 10% Plan
Pardons all southerners but southerners publicly swore oath to the US.
Johnson’s Plan
Also known as Lincoln Plus Plan, confederate officers, government officials, and large plantation owners from the confederacy had to personally plea for pardon to Johnson.
Black Codes
Restricted black people from owning property, conducting business, buying and leasing land, and moving freely through public space.
Radical Republicans
Group of republicans that believed confederates needed punishments and blacks deserved their rights.
Military Reconstruction Act
Terms for readmission into the Union for confederate states.
Freedman’s Bureau
Sent agents to the south to help former slaves with basic necessities. Also helped people find their families.
Civil Rights Act (1866)
Declared all US born people be citizens no matter race/color.
13th Amendment
Demolished slavery. Only the convicted could be put to work.
14th Amendment
All people born in the US are citizens and have equal rights.
15th Amendment
Gave African American MEN the right to vote.
Tenure in Office Act
The president cannot fire any cabinet members without the approval of the US Senate.
Ulysses S. Grant
The 18th president, only elected because he was a military hero. No experience, interest, and allowed many things to happen under the governments nose.
Exodusters
Blacks migrating from the South to Kansas.
Homestead Act
Any adult citizens who had been loyal to the US government could claim 160 acres of government land.
Dakota War
A brief war between the Dakota people of Minnesota and settlers in 1862.
Sand Creek Massacre
1864, US Army surprise attacked Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians and killed 160 men, women, and children.
Red River War
The relocation of Native tribes goes wrong when Natives attack whites.
George Armstrong Custer
Led a regiment into Greasy Grass (marked as Little Bighorn on map), were outnumbered, and 268 of his men were killed.
The Long Walk
A series of marches to a reservation at Bosque Redonda between August 1863 and December 1866.
Chief Joseph
Leader of a branch of the Nez Perce who tried to flee to Canada.
Cowboys
Cattle drivers who were American, African American, or Mexican American. Known in the Wild West.
Dawes General Allotment Act
1887, broke Native American reservations into individual family households and gave 160 acres to the head of the Native family.
Reservations
Government owned land where Native American families were placed.
Ghost Dance
Native American religious ceremony. Said to rise ancestors from the dead, dissipate droughts, make whites vanish, and make the buffalo roam the plains again.
Wounded Knee
350 Lakota were escorted to Wounded Knee. One morning, whites tried to disarm the Natives, tension rose, a shot was fired, and the massacre began.
Wild West Shows
Portrayed the life of the West to Americans. Showed bravery, courage, men, fighting.
Buffalo Bill Cody
American soldier, bison hunter, and showman. Made Buffalo Bills Wild West show to show life in the West/cowboys.
Frederick Jackson Turner
American historian that presented his “frontier thesis”.
Southern Homestead Act
Provided 160 acres of federal land to people who would farm.
Sharecropping
When the owner of land rents out part of the land for a portion of the crop.
Crop-lien System
Stores lend supplies but charge interest when people cant afford to pay on time. Put’s people into debt.
Henry Grady
Wrote “The New South” which advocated industrial development as a solution to the postwar economy.
Mill Village
Companies force workers to live in company housing and pay rent. These villages were called Mill Villages. Also had stores and school/church buildings.
R.R. Hanes
James Buchanan Duke
Tobacco and electric power industrialist. Made Duke University.
Birmingham Steel
Biggest Steel corporation formed in 1983.
The “Lost Cause”
States that the Union had an advantage with more men and resources, and claims slavery was Not the cause of the war.
“Jim Crow” Laws
Laws that enforced racial segregation in the south. (1877)
Ku Klux Klan
Hate organizations formed after the Civil War of white supremacists.
Hall v. Decuir
Court ruled that states could not prohibit segregation on common carriers (railroads, streetcars). 1878