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History 132 > Exam #1 > Flashcards

Exam #1 Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

Lincoln’s 10% Plan

A

Pardons all southerners but southerners publicly swore oath to the US.

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2
Q

Johnson’s Plan

A

Also known as Lincoln Plus Plan, confederate officers, government officials, and large plantation owners from the confederacy had to personally plea for pardon to Johnson.

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3
Q

Black Codes

A

Restricted black people from owning property, conducting business, buying and leasing land, and moving freely through public space.

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4
Q

Radical Republicans

A

Group of republicans that believed confederates needed punishments and blacks deserved their rights.

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5
Q

Military Reconstruction Act

A

Terms for readmission into the Union for confederate states.

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6
Q

Freedman’s Bureau

A

Sent agents to the south to help former slaves with basic necessities. Also helped people find their families.

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7
Q

Civil Rights Act (1866)

A

Declared all US born people be citizens no matter race/color.

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8
Q

13th Amendment

A

Demolished slavery. Only the convicted could be put to work.

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9
Q

14th Amendment

A

All people born in the US are citizens and have equal rights.

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10
Q

15th Amendment

A

Gave African American MEN the right to vote.

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11
Q

Tenure in Office Act

A

The president cannot fire any cabinet members without the approval of the US Senate.

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12
Q

Ulysses S. Grant

A

The 18th president, only elected because he was a military hero. No experience, interest, and allowed many things to happen under the governments nose.

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13
Q

Exodusters

A

Blacks migrating from the South to Kansas.

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14
Q

Homestead Act

A

Any adult citizens who had been loyal to the US government could claim 160 acres of government land.

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15
Q

Dakota War

A

A brief war between the Dakota people of Minnesota and settlers in 1862.

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16
Q

Sand Creek Massacre

A

1864, US Army surprise attacked Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians and killed 160 men, women, and children.

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17
Q

Red River War

A

The relocation of Native tribes goes wrong when Natives attack whites.

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18
Q

George Armstrong Custer

A

Led a regiment into Greasy Grass (marked as Little Bighorn on map), were outnumbered, and 268 of his men were killed.

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19
Q

The Long Walk

A

A series of marches to a reservation at Bosque Redonda between August 1863 and December 1866.

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20
Q

Chief Joseph

A

Leader of a branch of the Nez Perce who tried to flee to Canada.

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21
Q

Cowboys

A

Cattle drivers who were American, African American, or Mexican American. Known in the Wild West.

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22
Q

Dawes General Allotment Act

A

1887, broke Native American reservations into individual family households and gave 160 acres to the head of the Native family.

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23
Q

Reservations

A

Government owned land where Native American families were placed.

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24
Q

Ghost Dance

A

Native American religious ceremony. Said to rise ancestors from the dead, dissipate droughts, make whites vanish, and make the buffalo roam the plains again.

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25
Wounded Knee
350 Lakota were escorted to Wounded Knee. One morning, whites tried to disarm the Natives, tension rose, a shot was fired, and the massacre began.
26
Wild West Shows
Portrayed the life of the West to Americans. Showed bravery, courage, men, fighting.
27
Buffalo Bill Cody
American soldier, bison hunter, and showman. Made Buffalo Bills Wild West show to show life in the West/cowboys.
28
Frederick Jackson Turner
American historian that presented his "frontier thesis".
29
Southern Homestead Act
Provided 160 acres of federal land to people who would farm.
30
Sharecropping
When the owner of land rents out part of the land for a portion of the crop.
31
Crop-lien System
Stores lend supplies but charge interest when people cant afford to pay on time. Put's people into debt.
32
Henry Grady
Wrote "The New South" which advocated industrial development as a solution to the postwar economy.
33
Mill Village
Companies force workers to live in company housing and pay rent. These villages were called Mill Villages. Also had stores and school/church buildings.
34
R.R. Hanes
35
James Buchanan Duke
Tobacco and electric power industrialist. Made Duke University.
36
Birmingham Steel
Biggest Steel corporation formed in 1983.
37
The "Lost Cause"
States that the Union had an advantage with more men and resources, and claims slavery was Not the cause of the war.
38
"Jim Crow" Laws
Laws that enforced racial segregation in the south. (1877)
39
Ku Klux Klan
Hate organizations formed after the Civil War of white supremacists.
40
Hall v. Decuir
Court ruled that states could not prohibit segregation on common carriers (railroads, streetcars). 1878
41
Civil Rights Cases
1883
42
Plessy v. Ferguson
1898, Louisiana segregated railroad cars. Supreme court says segregation is lawful.
43
Wilmington Race Riot
Government of Wilmington overthrown and around 60 African Americans were killed by white supremacists.
44
Lynching
Execution of African Americans by hanging, burning, or torturing for alleged offenses (no evidence).
45
Cyrus McCormick
Founder of harvesting machine company.
46
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Gained control of the traffic on the Hudson River.
47
Jay Gould
Worked his way up to control the railroad. Did some financial manipulation.
48
Vertical Integration
Controlling all the steps of manufacturing.
49
Andrew Carnegie
Owned Carnegie Steel, beats Vanderbilt and becomes the wealthiest man in America.
50
Horizontal Integration
Combining companies and controlling everything within one step of manufacturing process.
51
Trust
Stocks.
52
Holding Company
Bigger companies designed to buy out and control other companies.
53
John D. Rockefeller
Founder of Standard Oil Company which dominated the oil industry and became the first major US business.
54
Merger Mania
1894-1904, Companies merged, 1/3 of all US companies disappeared, industries became controlled by one company.
55
J.P. Morgan
Banker uses bank money to buy out Karnegie
56
U.S. Steel
1901, Leading US producer of steel.
57
Frederick W. Taylor
Created Taylorism, Motion studies.
58
National Labor Union
1866-1873 Founded by William Sylvis first national labor union in the US. Eight hour day, end convict labor, federal department of labor, immigration restrictions, female and African Americans.
59
Knights of Labor
1869, Uriah Stephens, later lead by Terrence Powderly, secret society, Association of all workers, equal pay for women, end child and convict labor, cooperative ownership, and graduated income tax.
60
Terrence Powderly
Takes over the Knights of Labor when Uriah Stephens dies. Opposed strikes, urged temperance, inclusion of African Americans.
61
American Federation of Labor
1886, Samuel Gompers, Collective bargaining, better wages hours and working conditions, employer liability and safety laws.
62
Pinkerton Detective Agency
Private security and detective agency that company owners used to break up strikes or force people back to their work. Dangerous.
63
Great Railroad Strike (1877)
Strikes on railroad companies because of wage cuts. Militia and federal troops sent to shut it down.
64
Union Pacific & Wabash Railroad Strikes
Jay Gould slashed wages by 10%, KOL protested and Gould called it off. Gould fired Wabash workers for payback and KOL refused to handle Wabash cars bankrupting Wabash. Gould re-hired workers.
65
Haymarket Square Riot
1866, a peaceful meeting of union people interrupted by local police. A bomb went off killing 7 police and injuring 60. Eight anarchists arrested, four were executed, one committed suicide, survivors were pardoned.
66
Homestead Strike
Carnegie Steel workers went on strike, Henry Clay Frick closed plant and called Pinkertons and received 8,000 militia troops. Strikers lost.
67
Pullman Strike
Pullman Palace Car Co. forced workers to live in mill village, cut wages by 25%, workers went on strike, president Grover sent US army to break it up.
68
Thomas Edison
Invented the light bulb which helped factories work 24-7.
69
Tenement
Building where many families were shoved together. Low quality, broken down, dirty, horrible.
70
Jacob Riis
1890, Wrote "How the Other Half Lives" about the conditions in tenements and working class parts of town.
71
Chain Migration
Many immigrants migrating to the US from different countries.
72
Ellis Island & Angel Island
Many of the immigrants entering the US came through here.
73
Nativism
Favoring natives opposed to immigrants.
74
American Protective Association
1887, Anti-immigration group that published literature and false rumors against immigrants.
75
Immigration Restriction League
1894, Group went to government. Absolute numbers, restrictions, and literacy tests. Congress passes but pres. vetoes.
76
Immigration Act (1882)
1882, Limiting who enters the US, and charges 50 cents to enter.
77
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)
1882, Blocked Chinese from entering US, except students, business men, and government officials.
78
Gentlemen's Agreement
1907, Japan agrees not to issue passports for immigrants to the US except for certain people.
79
Patronage (Spoils System)
When winning political party rewards campaign workers with jobs.
80
Pendleton Civil Service Act
1883, Workers will be determined by experience/capability instead of by which political party they are affiliated with.
81
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Outlawed monopolies and trusts in business.
82
Sherman Silver Purchase Act
1890, Silverites v. Goldbugs
83
Greenbacks
Paper money. Removed in 1869 and brought back during WW1.
84
Silverites
members of a political movement that advocated that silver and gold should be used.
85
Goldbugs
Thinks gold is an investment and it's price will increase
86
William Jennings Bryan
Leader of the Free Silver Movement.
87
Jacob Coxey
1894, Lead the first march on Washington to bring a proposal he had created with ways to help the economy and the people of the US.
88
The Grange
Assisted farmers with purchasing machinery, lobbying for government regulations, and more farming benefits.
89
Farmers Alliance
1870-80, sought to improve economic conditions for farmers.
90
People's (Populist) Party
Party of the people. Advocated graduates income tax, free coinage of silver, direct election of US senators, help for farmers, and more democracy.
91
Socialist Party
Believes that people control their own lives. Equality for everyone.
92
Imperialism
Ruled by an emperor
93
Jingoism
Excessive patriotism.
94
Alfred T. Mahan
Believed the US needed a bigger navy and annexing islands.
95
Open Door Policy
Equal trade and the integrity of China.
96
Queen Liliuokalani
Former Queen of Hawaii, annexed in 1898.
97
Spanish-American War
1898, de lome letter, Maine explosion, enters war, lasted from April to August, treaty of Paris ended the war. US gains Philippines and Puerto Rico.
98
Yellow Journalism
Journalism that is exaggerated.
99
The Maine
Sent to Havana for show, exploded because of design flaw.
100
Theodore Roosevelt
The 32 president died January 6, 1919.
101
Platt Amendment
Cuba won't transfer Cuban land to any power other than US, Cuba's right to negotiate treaties was limited, rights to naval base were given to US, US can intervene in Cuba, and a treaty was made with all the provisions.
102
Philippine-American War
1898-1902, US invaded Philippines as part of Spanish-American War, War began between the two. Cost $160 million.

History 132 (1 decks)

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