Exam 1

Question 1

ACTH

Answer 1

secretion is regulated by a hypothalamic secretion

Question 2

ADH

Answer 2

is inhibited by alcohol

Question 3

Aldosterone

Answer 3

functions to increase sodium reabsorption

Question 4

Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids and that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called

Answer 4

hormones

Question 5

Gonadocorticoid(s)

Answer 5

production of the adrenal gland is insignificant compared with sex hormone release from the gonads during late puberty

Question 6

Hormones often cause a cell to elicit multiple responses, this is because

Answer 6

during protein kinase activation, enzymes phosphorylate many other enzymes

Question 7

How do glucocorticoids enable the body to deal appropriately with stress?

Answer 7

by increasing blood glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid levels and enhancing blood pressure

Question 8

In circumstances where the body requires prolonged or increased levels of a hormone, the DNA of target cells will specify the synthesis of more receptors on the surface of the target organ. This is known as

Answer 8

Up-regulation

Question 9

Leptin is a protein hormone secreted by which tissue cell

Answer 9

adipocytes

Question 10

Mineralocorticoid is to aldosterone a glucocorticoid is to

Answer 10

cortisol

Question 11

humoral stimulation

Answer 11

brings about changes in iron or nutrient levels in the blood.

Question 12

oxytocin

Answer 12

release is an example of the positive feedback control mechanism

Question 13

Where is the hypophyseal portal system located

Answer 13

around the pituitary

Question 14

Several hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported to the anterior pituitary gland. the mechanism from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary gland is through the

Answer 14

hypophyseal portal system

Question 15

down regulation

Answer 15

is the process by which a ell decreases the quantity of cellular component

Question 16

steroid hormone exert their action by

Answer 16

entering the nucleus of a cell

Question 17

the ability of a specific tissue or organ to respond to the presence of a hormone is dependent on

Answer 17

the presence of the appropriate receptors

Question 18

the hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract

Answer 18

is partly contained within the infundibulum

Question 19

the major targets of growth hormone are

Answer 19

bones and skeletal muscles

Question 20

T/F ACTH stimulates the adrenal medulla to release corticosteroid hormones

Answer 20

False

Question 21

T/F Hypothyroidism is the result of over production of the thyroid hormones

Answer 21

False

Question 22

T/F, aldosterone is important in the regulation and concentration of sodium and potassium ions in urine and sweat

Answer 22

True

Question 23

T/F All adenohypophyseal hormones, except GH, affect their target cells through a cyclic AMP second messenger

Answer 23

True

Question 24

T/F All the following hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary. ACTH, PSH, and LH

Answer 24

True

Question 25

T/F All peptide hormones synthesis requires gene activation that produces mRNA

Answer 25

True

Question 26

T/F Glucagon is a small polypeptide and it isn't very effective in its regulatory effects

Answer 26

False

Question 27

T/F Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that controls blood pressure. It is produced in the heart

Answer 27

True

Question 28

T/F Direct gene activation involves a second messenger system

Answer 28

False

Question 29

T/F follicle cells of the thyroid gland produce thyrogobulin, while follicle cells of the parathyroid produce calcitonin

Answer 29

False

Question 30

T/F Glucocorticicoids are steroid hormones that usually enhance the immune responses when an individual is suffering from severe stress

Answer 30

False

Question 31

T/F Growth hormone always exerts its influence by targeting other endocrine glands to produce hormones

Answer 31

False

Question 32

T/F Iodine is an essential required for the synthesis of thyroxine

Answer 32

true

Question 33

T/F LH also referred to as a gonadotropin

Answer 33

true

Question 34

T/F oxytocin is a strong stimulant of uterine contractions

Answer 34

true

Question 35

T/F The hormones that regulate the blood calcium levels are calcitonin and parathyroid hormones

Answer 35

true

Question 36

T/F the delta cells are the pancreatic islet that produce insulin

Answer 36

false

Question 37

T/F the hormone that raises blood sugar levels is insulin

Answer 37

false

Question 38

T/F the prime metabolic effect of cortisol is gluconeogenisis

Answer 38

true

Question 39

T/F the thyroid gland is a large gland that controls metabolic functions throughout the life of an individual

Answer 39

true

Question 40

A lack of intrinsic factor

Answer 40

pernicious anemia

Question 41

An individual who is a blood type AB negative can

Answer 41

receive any blood type expect the RH+ antigen

Question 42

As red blood cells age

Answer 42

membranes "wear out"

Question 43

No visible cytoplasmic granules are present in

Answer 43

monocytes

Question 44

platelets

Answer 44

stick to the damaged areas of a blood vessel

Question 45

Select the correct statement regarding blood cell formation

Answer 45

red marrow is the main site

Question 46

the most abundant plasma protein is

Answer 46

albumin

Question 47

pH range of blood

Answer 47

7.35-7.45

Question 48

what organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production

Answer 48

kidney

Question 49

a hemoglobin molecule consists of ___ chains of polypeptides

Answer 49

four

Question 50

a person w type o has __antigens and __antibodies

Answer 50

no, A and B

Question 51

an average adult male has __liters of blood

Answer 51

5-6L

Question 52

blood ____

Answer 52

all choices are correct

Question 53

erthropoletin is secreted in response to

Answer 53

low oxygen levels in kidney tissues

Question 54

formed elements include

Answer 54

all choices are correct

Question 55

mother is Rh- and the fetus is

Answer 55

postive

Question 56

white blood cells is about ___ per microliter

Answer 56

6,000 to 9,000

Question 57

lymphocytes account for ___percent

Answer 57

20-30

Question 58

monocytes become

Answer 58

macrophages

Question 59

ciruculationing erythrocytes is true

Answer 59

no nucleus

Question 60

adjacent cells in a blood vessel wall is called

Answer 60

diapedesis

Question 61

T/F first step in hemostasis is vascular spasm

Answer 61

true

Question 62

T/F hemocytoblasts are the mother cell

Answer 62

true

Question 63

cytokines

Answer 63

true

Question 64

chemicals called clotting factors

Answer 64

true

Question 65

fibrinoclysis

Answer 65

false

Question 66

a thrombus

Answer 66

true

Question 67

when a thrombus

Answer 67

true

Question 68

aspirin

Answer 68

true