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DH121 Oral Biology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

Occlusion

A

Contact relationship between between maxillary and Mandibular teeth when jaw is fully closed and relationship between teeth in the same arch

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2
Q

When dentition is in occulusion the maxillary arch _____ the Mandibular arch ______&______

A

Overhangs
Horizontally
Vertically

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3
Q

Over jet

A

Horizontal overhang

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4
Q

Overbite

A

Vertical overhang or overlap between the 2 arches

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5
Q

Rest position of occlusal surfaces

A

Also “Interocclusal clearance” “freeway space”

Lips closed and jaw in nonfunctional position (occlusal surfaces not touching)
2-3mm of space

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6
Q

When is the only time teeth should touch?

A

Functional situations

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7
Q

Parafunctional habit

A

When teeth touch in nonfunctional situations

Ex: bruxism (grinding), clenching, finger sucking

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8
Q

Parafuncational habits are _____. Pt is usually ____, not ____ ______,etc.
as a clinician you should

A

Unconscientious
Anxious
Not paying attention

Make pt aware of habit

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9
Q

5 phases of Arch/dentition development

A

Phase 1- eruption of permanent 1st molars, man to max

Phase 2-eruption of permanent anterior teeth, c to l

Phase 3-eruption of permanent premolars (primary molars gone)
Important phase bc of leeway space

Phase 4-eruption of permanent canines and 2nd molars
*canine is final tooth to stabilize arch (completes arch/dentition)
*max. Canine last to be replaced @ 12 years old.
*Before arrival of canine, position transient (short time)

Phase 5-eruption of third molars

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10
Q

Chronological order of teeth coming in very important

A

Space maintainer recommended for prematurely extracted teeth

Permanent replacement can then find right space and erupt properly

Otherwise neighboring teeth will tilt to occupy the space and opposing teeth with super erupt

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11
Q

Mesial drift

A

Teeth have natural tendency to move mesially

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12
Q

What happens if tooth is extracted and not immediately replaced?

A

2 teeth around the space (anterior and posterior) will tilt to occupy this space

The opposing tooth will super erupt to try to occupy space

Disharmony for whole dentition

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13
Q

When examining pts mandible and natural functions, what are you observing?

A

Protrusion
Retrustion
(Forward and backward)
Lateral movements

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14
Q

Lateral occlusion
&
Working side v non working/balancing

A

Ask patient to move mandible to right and left
Only canines should touch cusp tip to cusp tip (contralaterly)

Side to which jaw has been moved
Opposite side of working

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15
Q

Protrusive occulusion

A

All 8 incisors touch at once

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16
Q

Centric relation

A

Position of mandible relative to maxilla

Mandible in most retruded position (not teeth to teeth)

Determined by maximum contraction of muscles of jaw —> during swallowing

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17
Q

Centric occlusion

A

Maximum contact between occluding surfaces of max and mand teeth

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18
Q

Forces on teeth that stabilize teeth in final position

A

Muscles surrounding teeth (both around and weak affect)
-facial expression, buccal, labial, tongue

Chronological order of teeth coming in and out

Primate spaces
-result of growth of bone between teeth
-mesial to maxillary canines and distal to Mandibular canines

Leeway space
-difference in size mesiodistally between primary molars and perm premolars

Lengthening of arch

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19
Q

Occlusion of permanent teeth is affected by

A

Occlusion of primary teeth

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20
Q

3 types of occlusion in primary teeth
Best to worst

A

Compares distal surfaces of second molars (maxillary and Mandibular)

  1. Mesial step
  2. Flush terminal plane
  3. Distal step
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21
Q

Mesial step

A

Distal surface of Primary Mandibular second molar MESIAL to maxillary second molar distal surface

Predicts permanent occlusion will be good

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22
Q

Flush terminal plane

A

Distal surfaces of both maxillary and Mandibular second molars are in an end to end relationship

50/50 probability that permanent occlusion will be good depending on other factors
(Primate space, leeway space, lining of jaw, restorations, extractions)

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23
Q

Distal step

A

Worst
Primary Mandibular second molar distal surface DISTAL to maxillary Second molar

Predicts permanent occlusion will be bad

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24
Q

Dentition

A

Natural teeth in jaw bone (primary and permanent)

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25
Universal Tooth Numbering System
Primary A-T Permanent 1-32
26
Dentition Periods
Primary: 6 months by eruption of Mandibular central incisors Completed at 2 years by eruption of Mandibular Mandibular first molar Mixed: 6 years by eruption of Mandibular first molar 12 years by exfoliation of maxillary canine Permanent: 12 years by exfoliation of maxillary canine to death
27
Anatomy of tooth
Made predominantly of dentin covered by enamel on crown and cementum on root
28
Anatomical crown/root
What exists in nature Crown=portion of tooth covered by enamel Root=portion of tooth visible in oral cavity
29
Clinical crown/root
What we see Crown=portion of tooth visible in oral cavity Root=only seen when there’s recession
30
Malocclusion
Lack of overall ideal form in the dentition while in centric occlusion
31
Dental classification of malocclusion based on
Based on relationship of teeth Usually canine and first molars
32
Angles classification system
Classified malocclusion based on canine and 1st molars
33
Class 1 malocclusion
Mesognathic Mesial buccal cusp of maxillary first molar has to occlude in mesiobuccal groove of Mandibular first molar Maxillary canine occludes between Mandibular canine and first premolar
34
Class II malocclusion
Mandible is retruded by width of premolar Division I-anterior teeth protruded, palate narrow and high (retrognathic) “Overbite” Division II-maxillary central incisors upright and slightly retruded (mesognathic like class I) Lateral incisor overlaps maxillary central incisors
35
Class III Malocclusion
Mandible protruded at least by width of premolar (prognathic facial profile) Canine and mesial buccal groove move anteriorly
36
Curve or spee
Maxillary arch convex and mand arch concave Sagittal view
37
Curve of Wilson
Seen in cornonal view Maxillary convex Mandibular concave
38
Contact area (specifically same arch)
Very important Support tooth in position by 2 neighboring teeth and protects interdental gingiva Protects food from plunging into space and causing destruction by infection
39
Primary teeth roots usually
Flare and diverge to accommodate the crown of permanent replacement
40
____ cusp of Mandibular teeth occlude with _____ cup of maxillary teeth to protect soft tissue (don’t bite cheek)
Buccal Lingual
41
Maxillary central incisor
Largest central incisor
42
Mandibular central incisor
Smallest incisor Incisor edge perpendicular to long axis of tooth Contact area mesial and distal are same level Distal and mesial Incisal angle are right angled Lingual surface simple (ridges not too high, fossa not too deep)
43
Mandibular lateral incisor
Little bigger than central and more twisted in root
44
Maxillary central incisor and maxillary lateral incisor
Central is big Lateral shores and narrower-More rounded coronal outline
45
Canines
Mandibular canine more narrow than max mesiodistally Less developed Cingulum (softer features) Narrower Labiolingually More blunted cusp slightly taller
46
How to distinguish maxillary first premolar
Mesial crown conocavity that will give cross section kidney form No concavity on distal
47
Lingual view of Mandibular first molar
Occlusal surface visible Both marginal ridges visible Mesilalingual groove really helps to distinguish -starts in occlusal surface and goes into root
48
First molars have _ cusps
5
49
Second molars
4 cusps Smaller than first and shorter occlusocervically Roots closer together Max second molar don’t have cusp of C Mesial root has 2 canals
50
Maxillary first molar
Only tooth in jaw to diverge lingually
51
Maxillary molars
Wider facial lingually than MD C of C with ML cusp Largest lingual root Second largest mesial buccal root Smallest distal buccal root
52
Oblique ridge on maxillary molars
Triangular ridges of ML cusp and DB Cusp
53
Mandibular first molar groove pattern
Y shaped 2 buccal 2 lingual grooves
54
Mandibular second molar
1 buccal groove 1 lingual groove Cross shaped groove pattern
55
Crowns of Mandibular inline ___ Crowns of maxillary incline ____
Lingually Facially
56
Primary
Cervial ridge prominent on molars-buccal surface only Lighter in color Slender roots Crown short in length compared to total root
57
Which cusps are functional?
Mandibular = buccal cusps Maxillary = lingual cusps
58
Mesognathic
“Middle”, normal facial profile
59
Retrognatic
Rounded, exaggerated facial profile Overbite
60
Prognathic
Concave facial profile Mandible protruded
61
Primary dentition
6 months to 6 years Full eruption around 2 years old, 2nd molars
62
Mixed
6-12 years Starts as perm Mandibular first molar eruption, mand central incisor replaced Ends exfoliation of max canine

DH121 Oral Biology (7 decks)

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