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DH121 Oral Biology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Occlusion

A

Contact relationship between between maxillary and Mandibular teeth when jaw is fully closed and relationship between teeth in the same arch

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2
Q

When dentition is in occulusion the maxillary arch _____ the Mandibular arch ______&______

A

Overhangs
Horizontally
Vertically

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3
Q

Over jet

A

Horizontal overhang

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4
Q

Overbite

A

Vertical overhang or overlap between the 2 arches

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5
Q

Rest position of occlusal surfaces

A

Also “Interocclusal clearance” “freeway space”

Lips closed and jaw in nonfunctional position (occlusal surfaces not touching)
2-3mm of space

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6
Q

When is the only time teeth should touch?

A

Functional situations

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7
Q

Parafunctional habit

A

When teeth touch in nonfunctional situations

Ex: bruxism (grinding), clenching, finger sucking

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8
Q

Parafuncational habits are _____. Pt is usually ____, not ____ ______,etc.
as a clinician you should

A

Unconscientious
Anxious
Not paying attention

Make pt aware of habit

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9
Q

5 phases of Arch/dentition development

A

Phase 1- eruption of permanent 1st molars, man to max

Phase 2-eruption of permanent anterior teeth, c to l

Phase 3-eruption of permanent premolars (primary molars gone)
Important phase bc of leeway space

Phase 4-eruption of permanent canines and 2nd molars
*canine is final tooth to stabilize arch (completes arch/dentition)
*max. Canine last to be replaced @ 12 years old.
*Before arrival of canine, position transient (short time)

Phase 5-eruption of third molars

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10
Q

Chronological order of teeth coming in very important

A

Space maintainer recommended for prematurely extracted teeth

Permanent replacement can then find right space and erupt properly

Otherwise neighboring teeth will tilt to occupy the space and opposing teeth with super erupt

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11
Q

Mesial drift

A

Teeth have natural tendency to move mesially

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12
Q

What happens if tooth is extracted and not immediately replaced?

A

2 teeth around the space (anterior and posterior) will tilt to occupy this space

The opposing tooth will super erupt to try to occupy space

Disharmony for whole dentition

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13
Q

When examining pts mandible and natural functions, what are you observing?

A

Protrusion
Retrustion
(Forward and backward)
Lateral movements

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14
Q

Lateral occlusion
&
Working side v non working/balancing

A

Ask patient to move mandible to right and left
Only canines should touch cusp tip to cusp tip (contralaterly)

Side to which jaw has been moved
Opposite side of working

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15
Q

Protrusive occulusion

A

All 8 incisors touch at once

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16
Q

Centric relation

A

Position of mandible relative to maxilla

Mandible in most retruded position (not teeth to teeth)

Determined by maximum contraction of muscles of jaw —> during swallowing

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17
Q

Centric occlusion

A

Maximum contact between occluding surfaces of max and mand teeth

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18
Q

Forces on teeth that stabilize teeth in final position

A

Muscles surrounding teeth (both around and weak affect)
-facial expression, buccal, labial, tongue

Chronological order of teeth coming in and out

Primate spaces
-result of growth of bone between teeth
-mesial to maxillary canines and distal to Mandibular canines

Leeway space
-difference in size mesiodistally between primary molars and perm premolars

Lengthening of arch

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19
Q

Occlusion of permanent teeth is affected by

A

Occlusion of primary teeth

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20
Q

3 types of occlusion in primary teeth
Best to worst

A

Compares distal surfaces of second molars (maxillary and Mandibular)

  1. Mesial step
  2. Flush terminal plane
  3. Distal step
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21
Q

Mesial step

A

Distal surface of Primary Mandibular second molar MESIAL to maxillary second molar distal surface

Predicts permanent occlusion will be good

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22
Q

Flush terminal plane

A

Distal surfaces of both maxillary and Mandibular second molars are in an end to end relationship

50/50 probability that permanent occlusion will be good depending on other factors
(Primate space, leeway space, lining of jaw, restorations, extractions)

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23
Q

Distal step

A

Worst
Primary Mandibular second molar distal surface DISTAL to maxillary Second molar

Predicts permanent occlusion will be bad

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24
Q

Dentition

A

Natural teeth in jaw bone (primary and permanent)

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25
Q

Universal Tooth Numbering System

A

Primary A-T

Permanent 1-32

26
Q

Dentition Periods

A

Primary:
6 months by eruption of Mandibular central incisors
Completed at 2 years by eruption of Mandibular Mandibular first molar

Mixed:
6 years by eruption of Mandibular first molar
12 years by exfoliation of maxillary canine

Permanent:
12 years by exfoliation of maxillary canine to death

27
Q

Anatomy of tooth

A

Made predominantly of dentin covered by enamel on crown and cementum on root

28
Q

Anatomical crown/root

A

What exists in nature
Crown=portion of tooth covered by enamel
Root=portion of tooth visible in oral cavity

29
Q

Clinical crown/root

A

What we see

Crown=portion of tooth visible in oral cavity
Root=only seen when there’s recession

30
Q

Malocclusion

A

Lack of overall ideal form in the dentition while in centric occlusion

31
Q

Dental classification of malocclusion based on

A

Based on relationship of teeth
Usually canine and first molars

32
Q

Angles classification system

A

Classified malocclusion based on canine and 1st molars

33
Q

Class 1 malocclusion

A

Mesognathic

Mesial buccal cusp of maxillary first molar has to occlude in mesiobuccal groove of Mandibular first molar

Maxillary canine occludes between Mandibular canine and first premolar

34
Q

Class II malocclusion

A

Mandible is retruded by width of premolar

Division I-anterior teeth protruded, palate narrow and high (retrognathic)
“Overbite”

Division II-maxillary central incisors upright and slightly retruded (mesognathic like class I)
Lateral incisor overlaps maxillary central incisors

35
Q

Class III Malocclusion

A

Mandible protruded at least by width of premolar (prognathic facial profile)

Canine and mesial buccal groove move anteriorly

36
Q

Curve or spee

A

Maxillary arch convex and mand arch concave

Sagittal view

37
Q

Curve of Wilson

A

Seen in cornonal view

Maxillary convex

Mandibular concave

38
Q

Contact area (specifically same arch)

A

Very important

Support tooth in position by 2 neighboring teeth and protects interdental gingiva

Protects food from plunging into space and causing destruction by infection

39
Q

Primary teeth roots usually

A

Flare and diverge to accommodate the crown of permanent replacement

40
Q

____ cusp of Mandibular teeth occlude with _____ cup of maxillary teeth to protect soft tissue (don’t bite cheek)

A

Buccal
Lingual

41
Q

Maxillary central incisor

A

Largest central incisor

42
Q

Mandibular central incisor

A

Smallest incisor
Incisor edge perpendicular to long axis of tooth
Contact area mesial and distal are same level
Distal and mesial Incisal angle are right angled
Lingual surface simple (ridges not too high, fossa not too deep)

43
Q

Mandibular lateral incisor

A

Little bigger than central and more twisted in root

44
Q

Maxillary central incisor and maxillary lateral incisor

A

Central is big

Lateral shores and narrower-More rounded coronal outline

45
Q

Canines

A

Mandibular canine more narrow than max mesiodistally

Less developed Cingulum (softer features)

Narrower Labiolingually

More blunted cusp slightly taller

46
Q

How to distinguish maxillary first premolar

A

Mesial crown conocavity that will give cross section kidney form

No concavity on distal

47
Q

Lingual view of Mandibular first molar

A

Occlusal surface visible

Both marginal ridges visible

Mesilalingual groove really helps to distinguish
-starts in occlusal surface and goes into root

48
Q

First molars have _ cusps

A

5

49
Q

Second molars

A

4 cusps
Smaller than first and shorter occlusocervically
Roots closer together
Max second molar don’t have cusp of C
Mesial root has 2 canals

50
Q

Maxillary first molar

A

Only tooth in jaw to diverge lingually

51
Q

Maxillary molars

A

Wider facial lingually than MD

C of C with ML cusp

Largest lingual root

Second largest mesial buccal root

Smallest distal buccal root

52
Q

Oblique ridge on maxillary molars

A

Triangular ridges of ML cusp and DB Cusp

53
Q

Mandibular first molar groove pattern

A

Y shaped

2 buccal
2 lingual grooves

54
Q

Mandibular second molar

A

1 buccal groove
1 lingual groove
Cross shaped groove pattern

55
Q

Crowns of Mandibular inline ___
Crowns of maxillary incline ____

A

Lingually
Facially

56
Q

Primary

A

Cervial ridge prominent on molars-buccal surface only
Lighter in color
Slender roots
Crown short in length compared to total root

57
Q

Which cusps are functional?

A

Mandibular = buccal cusps
Maxillary = lingual cusps

58
Q

Mesognathic

A

“Middle”, normal facial profile

59
Q

Retrognatic

A

Rounded, exaggerated facial profile
Overbite

60
Q

Prognathic

A

Concave facial profile
Mandible protruded

61
Q

Primary dentition

A

6 months to 6 years
Full eruption around 2 years old, 2nd molars

62
Q

Mixed

A

6-12 years
Starts as perm Mandibular first molar eruption, mand central incisor replaced
Ends exfoliation of max canine

DH121 Oral Biology (7 decks)

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