Exam 1

Question 1

T/F Compared to the rest of the world, the US consumes far less than its share of illicit drugs.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

T/F Both globally and in the US, lifetime use of alcohol and most other drugs is higher for men than women.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What age group has the highest rate of current illicit drug use in the US?

Answer 3

18-20

Question 4

Rate the following drugs in order of prevalence of use in the US: alcohol, cocaine, weed, non-medical use of prescription drugs, tobacco.

Answer 4

Alcohol, tobacco, weed, non-medical use of prescription drugs, cocaine

Question 5

3 reasons people use drugs

Answer 5

To feel pleasure, avoid pain, change one’s state of consciousness

Question 6

T/F Naturally occurring drugs are usually more potent and more toxic than synthetically manufactured versions of the drug.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Match Substances to its origin:
___ Tobacco
___ Captopril
___ Endorphins
___ Heroin
___ Opium
A. Endogenous
B. Naturally occurring
C. Synthetic

Answer 7

B,B,A,C,B

Question 8

Matching:
___ Adderall
___ C9H13N
___ Addy’s
___ dextroamphetamine sulfate
A. Chemical name/Formula
B. Generic Name
C. Trade Name
D. Street Name

Answer 8

C,A,D,B

Question 9

Which of the following is not a schedule 1 drug?
A. Marijuana
B. Heroin
C. Cocaine
D. LSD

Answer 9

Cocaine

Question 10

Put the steps for new drug development in order: clinical trials, post-marketing analysis, NDA application, animal testing, FDA approval, IND application, FDA review

Answer 10

Animal testing, IND application, clinical trials, NDA application, FDA review, FDA approval, post-marketing analysis

Question 11

The space between two neurons is called

Answer 11

Synapse

Question 12

Which is not a way that the effects at the postsynaptic receptor are terminated?
A. Reuptake into the presynaptic cell
B. Release of a chemical that destroys the postsynaptic receptors
C. Enzymatic breakdown of the neurotransmitter
D. Diffusion of neurotransmitter away from the receptor

Answer 12

Release of a chemical that destroys the postsynaptic receptors

Question 13

The central nervous system is made up of the ___ and ___

Answer 13

Brain and spinal cord

Question 14

Which is true about the sympathetic nervous system?
A. it is part of the CNS
B. It is part of the ANS
C. It increases heart rate
D. Its actions may be increased by cocaine
E. A, C, and D
F. B, C, and D
G. All of the above

Answer 14

B, C, D

Question 15

Matching:
___ Frontal lobe
___ Hypothalamus
___ Basal ganglia
___ Cerebellum
___ Medulla
___ Occipital lobe of cortex
A. Vision
B. Balance, posture, coordination
C. Controls ANS, hormone release, sex, emotions, temperature regulation, feeding behavior
D. Smoothing, programming, initiating and terminating movement, degenerated in Parkinsons
E. Sensation of touch
F. Reasoning, judgments, decision-making
G. Keeps you alive: breathing, heartbeat, swallowing

Answer 15

F,C,D,B,G,A

Question 16

T/F The cerebellum includes the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and basal ganglia

Answer 16

False, the cerebrum contains the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and basal ganglia

Question 17

Which of the following is most involved in pleasure, reward, and addiction?
A. nucleus accumbens
B. medulla oblongata
C. ventral tegmental area
D. cerebellum
E. A and C
F. B and D

Answer 17

A and C

Question 18

T/F The capillaries of the CNS are very leaky, so all substances in the blood can have access to the neurons in the brain.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Which of the following would most likely be the result of a drug that increases the neurotransmitter GABA?
A. increases heart rate
B. Increases sleep
C. Increases pain
D. Increases the strength of muscle contraction

Answer 19

B

Question 20

What are two advantages and two disadvantages for the following routes of administration: oral, IV, and transdermal

Answer 20

Oral:
Advantages- Easy, safe, compact
Disadvantages- Slow and highly variable absorption, first-pass effect, not good in emergencies
IV:
Advantages- Fast, accurate blood concentration
Disadvantages- Expensive, painful, can’t be reversed
Transdermal:
Advantages- easy to administer, non-invasive, slow and continuous delivery
Disadvantages- Not appropriate for all drugs, hard to control accuracy of dose, may irritate skin

Question 21

What is the name of the enzyme family of the liver that metabolizes many drugs?

Answer 21

CYP450

Question 22

Which of the following best relates to pharmacodynamics?
A. The route by which a drug is administered
B. The effect that food has on the absorption of the drug
C. The ability of a drug to bind to a receptor and exert an effect
D. Whether the drug undergoes the first-pass effect

Answer 22

C

Question 23

Matching:
1. Increases synthesis
2. Increases release
3. Blocks reuptake
4. Blocks postsynaptic receptors
A. Agonist
B. Antagonist

Answer 23

1. A
2. A
3. A
4. B

Question 24

T/F The environment in which a drug is taken has very little influence on the drug’s effect.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

T/F All side effects are harmful

Answer 25

False

Question 26

If a therapeutic index of a drug is 50, and the effective dose is two tablets, how many tablets would be lethal in 50% of the population?

Answer 26

100

Question 27

What is the name for the phenomenon when a cell decreases the number of its receptors in response to an increased amount of neurotransmitter?

Answer 27

Downregulation

Question 28

T/F Withdrawal symptoms are typically opposite to those of the direct effects of the drug.

Answer 28

True