Exam 1 Flashcards
(47 cards)
community
a social group determined by geographic boundaries and for common values and interests
aggregate
collection of people who have common one or more personal or environmental characteristics
what state had the first state health deparment?
louisiana
Lillian Wald’s impact in public health nursing
- coined term public health nurse
- established the Henry Street Settlement house
public health efforts in the 1990s
focused more on care of communities and population rather than individuals, families, groups
definition of public health nursing
the practice of promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences
public health mission
- promote physical and mental health, and prevent disease, injury, and disability
- prevents epidemics and the spread of disease
- protects against environmental hazards
- prevents injuries
- promotes and encourages healthy behaviors
- responds to disasters and assists communities in recovery
- ensures the quality and accessibility of health services
- primary features are population focus, community orientation, emphasis on health promotion, and disease prevention, and concern for interventions at a population level
core public health funtions
- assessment
- policy development
- assurance
assessment public health function
- monitor health status to identify community health problems
- diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community
example: monitor trends of a disease in a certain area
policy development public health function
- inform, educate, and empower people about health issues
- mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems
- develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts
example: put together a health fair to educate people about disease and how to preven them
assurance public health function
- enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety
- link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable
- ensure a competent public health and personal health care workforce
- evaluate the effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based services
example: determine how well health department and other non-profit organizations are doing in providing care
personal health care sector
- emphasis on cure of disease and restoration of health
- services provided in office settings, clinics, etc.
community health care sector
- care provided center on promoting health and preventing disease
- emphasis on designing health care programs that meet the needs to population groups
- services provided by official or volunteer health agencies
official health agencies
- agencies of local, state, and national governments that are responsible for the health of the people in their jurisdiction, usually through an elected or appointed governing body
- supported by tax revenues and other public funding
- ex.: CDPHE, CDC, Tippecanoe County Health Dept.
voluntary health agencies
- organizations that are formed by groups of people because of their interest in a particular health concern
- funded primarily by donations
- ex.: American Heart Association, American Heart Association, etc.
four goals of healthy people 2030
- make environment healthier
- increase quality and years of healthy life
- eliminate health disparities
- protect health throughout life
sustainable development goals
Goal 1: no poverty
Goal 2: zero hunger
Goal 3: good health and well-being
Goal 4: quality education
Goal 5: gender equality
Goal 6: clean water and sanitation
Goal 7: affordable and clean energy
Goal 8: decent work and economic growth
Goal 9: industry, innovation, and infrastructure
Goal 10: reduced inequalities
Goal 11: sustainable cities and communities
Goal 12: responsible consumption and production
Goal 13: climate action
Goal 14: life below water
Goal 15: life on land
Goal 16: peace, justice, and strong institutions
Goal 17: partnerships
health belief model
- belief that variables affect the likelihood of initiating action
- a person’s perceived benefit of action minus their perceived barriers to accomplishing action equals the likelihood that a person
will take action to change his/her behaviors
goal of levels of prevention
designed to halt or reverse the process of pathological change as early as possible, thereby preventing damage
primary prevention
- intervention that seeks to promote health
- prevents disease from developing
- ex.: immunization programs, sex education, health education
secondary prevention
- intervention that seeks to detect disease early in its progression before clinical signs and symptoms become apparent
- enables early diagnosis and treatment
- ex.: screening, stress test
tertiary prevention
- intervention that begins once the disease is obvious
- aim is to interrupt the amount of disability that might occur and begin rehabilitation
- ex.: medications, procedures
cognitive domain of education principles
- includes memory, recognition, understanding, and application
- instructors assess cognitive abilities
- teaching above or below the client’s level of understanding may lead to frustration
affective domain of education principles
- includes changes in attitudes and development of values
- CHN’s attempt to influence what individuals/families/communities think, value, and feel
- important to listen to detect clues that may influence learning
