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American National Government > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Government

A

A system for exercising authority over a body of people

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2
Q

The government has what?

A

A monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force

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3
Q

Physical Force Power of Government?

A

Eminent domain, taxes, inmate labor, death penalty

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4
Q

What is eminent domain?

A

5th amendment, the government wherever your property is can take it as long as they fairly pay you

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5
Q

Physical force by taxes

A

Government garnishes your checks if you owe someone

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6
Q

Physical force by Inmate Labor

A

Can force inmates to do community service

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7
Q

Physical force by death penalty

A

The government can provide the death penalty to anyone who committed a crime they feel were too extreme

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8
Q

Republic

A

A group of people within the state who have the ultimate authority to act on behalf of the state

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9
Q

What do people in a republic choose to do?

A

Security, public education, social security, disability, k-12 public schools, public parks

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10
Q

Why has every human society for which we have records adopted a system for exercising collective authority?

A

Mutual benefits

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11
Q

What are mutual benefits?

A

When both parties gain or profit from an agreement or exchange

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12
Q

What are some examples of mutual benefits?

A

Mutual defense against outside enemies, peace and safety within our group, active trade, care of children and perpetuation of our people and customs, whatever we decide our values are

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13
Q

Who is Adam Smith?

A

The father of Laissez-Faire Economics- states the government has the duty of protecting the society from violence and invasion of other independent societies

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14
Q

Why do we have a big modern government ?

A

Policing, soldiering, k-12 schools, colleges and universities, sewer and water systems, parks, roads and bridges, science and research incentives, income support for retirees, health expense support

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15
Q

What is market failure?

A

A situation in which the competitive structures of a capitalist (free-market) economy fail to provide a community deemed worthy by the public

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16
Q

What are the four types of market failures?

A

Monopolies, unprovided public goods, externalities/spillover effects, and asymmetric info

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17
Q

What is a monopoly?

A

The exclusive possession/control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service(sole seller of its product)

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18
Q

Unregulated monopoly?

A

Has market power and can influences prices (example. amazon)

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19
Q

Unprovided public goods?

A

When a particular good is under supplied by the market (ex. Baby formula, insulin)

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20
Q

Externalities/spillover effects?

A

When the private market of an individual spillover/have consequences for another individual (Ex: vaccinations-if you choose not to get them it could have negative effects on others)

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21
Q

What is asymmetric info?

A

When the sellers has more info than the consumer (ex: side effects from medicine)

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22
Q

What are our values?

A

Freedom, Order, and Equality

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23
Q

What does the government do?

A

Make public policies

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24
Q

What are public policies?

A

The tools governments use to achieve the goals/values the society has deemed are important

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25
Q

Good government?

A

Government by ONE monarchy, government by FEW Aristocracy, government by the MANY democracy (what we live in)

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26
Q

Bad Governments?

A

Tyranny, Authoritarianism, mobocracy

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27
Q

Monarchy

A

Government with one single ruler

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28
Q

What is Aristocracy?

A

Ruling of an elite/wealthy person

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29
Q

What is oligarchy?

A

Ruling by a few powerful people

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30
Q

What is tyranny?

A

Cruel government

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31
Q

What is Authoritarianism?

A

Government demanding people obey without any freedoms

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32
Q

What is totalitarianism?

A

Government that wants power over everything not just political power

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33
Q

What is Mobocracy?

A

Mob rule

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34
Q

How to prevent a democracy from becoming a mob

A

Inoculation

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35
Q

What is inoculation?

A

The constitutional principles

36
Q

What are the constitutional principles?

A

Republicanism, separation of powers, federalism, and civil rights and liberties

37
Q

What is republicanism?

A

We elect someone to represent us

38
Q

What is separation of powers?

A

Co branches that make decisions

39
Q

What is federalism?

A

State and national laws we have to follow

40
Q

What is Republican democracy?

A

A system of government in which citizens elect representatives to make (good) public policy decisions

41
Q

What is Direct democracy?

A

A system of government that permits citizens to propose and vote directly on laws and policies

42
Q

What conditions are necessary for a direct democracy?

A

The number of citizens must be small, property and wealth must be distributed nearly equally, the society must be culturally alike

43
Q

How many terms does the house of reps have?

A

They don’t have term limits b/c it wasn’t stated in the constitution

44
Q

What does the legislative branch do?

A

Makes laws

45
Q

What does the executive branch do?

A

Enforces laws

46
Q

What does the judicial branch do?

A

Interprets laws

47
Q

What are the advantages of separation of powers?

A

It is a counter-majoritarian system

48
Q

Madisons Federalist #51

A

Approved of the government we have now, believes in the constitution (believes we need a government with people because men are not angels, and we need people to govern the people that govern us

49
Q

What are the three arrangements for central-regional relations?

A

Unitary, confederal, and federal

50
Q

What is a unitary government?

A

Government in which most legal power is located in the central or national government

51
Q

What is a confederal government/?

A

A form of government in which a group of sovereign states create a central government for a common purpose yet retains most of the legal power for each member

52
Q

What is a federal government?

A

A form of government in which two or more levels of government share power and authority, each with certain powers and responsibilities assigned to it

53
Q

What are three kinds of powers of the national government?

A

Expressed, implied, and Inherent powers

54
Q

What are expressed powers?

A

Delegated or enumerated powers

55
Q

Examples of expressed powers?

A

Post office, lay and collect taxes, coin money, borrow money, trade, declare war

56
Q

What are implied powers?

A

Not specifically written in the document but is obvious if the government is gonna do x then Y must be done as well

57
Q

What is Necessary and Proper Clause?

A

Expands national power by stretching to fit almost any situation

58
Q

Example of necessary and proper clause?

A

Military draft because it is expressed that we can provide common defense

59
Q

What is the Interstate commerce clause?

A

Congress has the power to regulate commerce among the states

60
Q

What is Gibbons vs.Ogden (1824)?

A

Gibbons used Ogdens ship in New York and New Jersey and the court ruled that the federal government ha the power to regulate commerce

61
Q

Dred Scott v. Sanford

A

Slave in Missouri but lived in Illinois so he wanted to become free in Missouri also but the court ruled that he was to be a slave still in Missouri, narrowing of congress regulating interstate navigation

62
Q

What did the 1964 Civil Rights Act do?

A

Outlawed discrimination based on race, religion, sex or national origin, prohibits unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, employment and public accommodations

63
Q

Heart of Atlanta Motel Inc. v. U.S. (1964)?

A

A case in which the Court found that hotels did not have the right to discriminate against black guests under Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

64
Q

U.S. v. Lopez (1995)?

A

Gun Free Zone Act, the possession of a gun in a local school zone is not an economic activity so congress can’t bring charges

65
Q

What is the national supremacy clause?

A

If a state law is in conflict with the U.S. Constitution, the national government ALWAYS win

66
Q

What is inherent powers?

A

The national government has the authority involving other nations as if it was the only authority, only applicable to foreign affairs

67
Q

What are some powers of the state government?

A

10th amendment,protect public health,safety and mora,s, regulate intrastate commerce, supervise ,local government, run elections, write all criminal law

68
Q

What are concurrent powers?

A

Practiced by national and state governments at the same time

69
Q

Examples of concurrent powers?

A

Levy taxes, set up a judiciary, borrow money, charter banks, and make/enforces laws

70
Q

Examples of forbidden powers of the state ?

A

Make treaties, coin money, keep troops, tax imports and exports, deny due process(14 amendment)

71
Q

What is full faith and credit?

A

Legal contracts\public documents being upheld between states

72
Q

Loving v. Virginia(1967)?

A

Mixed race marriage, anti miscegenation law violated the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment

73
Q

Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)?

A

Same sex marriage, the 14th amendment required a state to recognize same sex marriage even if they got married in another state

74
Q

Privileges and immunities of the state?

A

Can’t treat people differently because they aren’t from your state

75
Q

What are the exceptions of privileges and immunities of the states?

A

Fundamentally rights only, taxes(out of state fees), protecting citizens

76
Q

What are Interstate compacts?

A

An agreement made between two or more state in which the assigned parties agree on a specific policy issue Dane tier adopt a set of standard or cooperate with one another on a particular regional or national matter (ex: nursing licenses)

77
Q

Who has the most power?

A

The argument is without end , there is shared power between governments

78
Q

What are civil liberties?

A

Freedoms citizens have, protect them from government interference

79
Q

Civil Rights?

A

Equality

80
Q

What is SNYDER V. PHELPS (2011)

A

Members of Westboro Baptist Church protested at the funeral of Arnie Lance Corporal Matthew Snyder, his family filed suit against the members of the church

81
Q

Burwell v. Hobby Lobby (2014)?

A

Hobby Lobby explicitly expressed the desire to run the company according to biblical principles, under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, employment-based group health care plans must provide certain types of preventative care, such as FDA approved contraceptive methods

82
Q

Bill of Rights?

A

Civil liberties -A bill of rights is what people are entitled to against every government on earth- Thomas Jefferson

83
Q

The establishment clause?

A

The government cant favor one religion over another or establish an official religion

84
Q

Free exercise clause?

A

Citizens have the right to practice their religion as they please

85
Q

De jure segregation?

A

As a matter of law

86
Q

De facto segregation?

A

As a matter of fact (private individuals)

87
Q

1968 Fair Housing Act?

A

Challenges to fair housing efforts, restrictive housing covenants, red-lining, steering, block-busting

American National Government (1 decks)

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