Exam 1 Flashcards
Define ‘Construction Cost’ as defined in the Definitions in RAIC Document Six
The total cost of the work to the client to construct all elements of the project designed by or on behalf of the , or as a result of coordination by, the architect consisting of:
- The construction contract price
- Cost of changes to the work
- Construction Management Fee
- Other Fees related to the coordination or procurement of construction services
** Note Consultant fees not included
Define the five main component of the National Council of Architectural Registration Boards’ (NCARB’s) Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct
CHOP1.1.3 Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct
NCARB’s model code which had also been adapted for use by the AIBC contains the following
- competence
- conflict of interest
- full disclosure
- professional conduct
- compliance with laws
Describe the three general divisions of bylaws or regulations mandated by provincial or territorial architectural associations
CHOP 1.1.3 Regulations
Ethical Regulation or Codes of Ethics - assist in maintaining the public trust in the integrity of the profession
Regulations regarding competency - ensure the proper provision of architectural services to the public
Administrative Rules and Regulations - assist in the efficient operation of the provincial or territorial association
How is the profession of Architecture regulated in Canada? What is the main document(s) that regulation is based on?
CHOP 1.1.5 Self Regulation
The licensing and regulation of architects is carried out under provincial mandate. Architects Acts enable provincial associations to govern and regulate themselves separate from the provincial or territorial legislatures
How long does a copyright last?
CHOP 2.3.7 , Appendix A - How Long Does a Copyright Last?
Under a general rule, copyright subsists for the life of the author of the work, the remainder of the calendar year in which the author dies, plus an additional 50 years
Identify some of the components of a functional program
CHOP 2.3.4 Functional Programming
A Functional Program describes the requirements which a building must satisfy in order to support and enhance human activity. It can include:
- the clients philosophy, values, goals and desired ‘image’
- how much and what type of space is needed
- the nature of the activity in the space
- environmental criteria
- security requirements
- site requirements (parking, circulation, orientation)
- the functional relationships of the spaces
- financial requirements and preliminary budget
- Scheduling and time frame
In the Design Development phase, which of the following services are considered basic, which
are additional?
1. coordinate services of consultants as applicable,
2. design development documents consisting of:
a. Site plan
b. Plans
c. Elevations
d. Sections
e. Project Brief
3. Promotional Presentations
4. prepare and submit to the client for approval a revised Construction Cost estimate;
5. continue to review applicable statutes, regulations, codes and by laws as the design of the Project is developed;
6. assist the client to obtain approval of authorities having jurisdiction, if applicable;
7. review and obtain client approval before proceeding to next phase.
RAIC Document 6, Schedule of Architect’s Services
Basic Services: 1, 2,,4, 5, 6,7
Additional Services 3
In the Pre-design phase, which of the following services are considered basic, which are additional?
1. Statement of Requirements or Building Program
2.Financial feasibility study
3. Site evaluation study
4. Verifying accuracy of drawings furnished by client
5.Site Photographs
6.Geotechnical or Soil Report
7. Establish a Construction Budget
8. Toxic and Hazardous Materials Report
RAIC Document Six - Schedule of Architects Services
All of pre-design services fall outside the basic services of an architect under the traditional project delivery method using design-bid-build which includes only five phases - SD, DD, CD ,BN, CA
In the Schematic Design phase, which of the following services are considered basic, which are additional?
1. coordinate services of consultants as applicable,
2. review and comment on the client’s Construction Budget in relation to the Client’s program of requirements;
3. Enhanced Building Envelope Services (in British Columbia)
4. Preparation of Presentation Models, Perspectives or Videos
5. review applicable statutes, regulations, codes and by laws and where necessary review the same with the authorities
having jurisdiction;
6. assist the client to obtain approval of authorities having jurisdiction, if applicable;
7. Submissions for zoning changes
8. design documents to illustrate the scale and character of the Project
a. Site plan
b. Spatial relationship diagrams
c. Principal floor plans
d. Building sections
e. Elevations
f. Outline specifications
9. prepare and submit to the client a statement of probable Construction Cost based on current area or volume unit costs
10. Variances
RAIC Document 6, Schedule of Architects Services
Basic: 1,2,5,6,8,9
Additional: 3,4,7,10
In what phase should a project ‘outline specification’ be prepared
CHOP 2.3.6
Design Development
What are three advantages of water heating (hydronic) distribution systems
- Pipes are small , easy to integrate with other building systems
2, Quiet - Individual Room control
- Efficient for cold climates
5.Can be combined with domestic hot water systems
What are 4 advantages of electric heating systems?
- Low Profile / Compact
- Quick Response to temperature changes
- Easily Zoned
- Low Initial Cost
What are 5 examples of Additional Services not covered under RAIC Document 6
- Feasibility Studies
- Business Cases
- Functional Programming
- Submissions to Authorities
- life cycle cost studies
- master programming and planning
- ## post occupancy studies
What are the three E’s in an Architect’s ‘Pathway to the Profession’?
CHOP 1.1.4, Introduction
Education - CACB Accredited Professional Degree, CACB Certification of Education, Grandfathering of Education or RAIC Syllabus Program
Experience - Complete IAP
Examination - Pass EXAC
What are the 4 soil classification systems according to the ASTM Unified Soil Classification System
CHING 1.04
Gravels, Sans, Silts and Clays
* Organic material is a soil type but is problematic for building
What are the 5 phases of an architectural project
- Schematic Design
- Design Development
- Construction Documents
- Bidding and Negotiation (construction procurement)
- Contract Admin (construction phase)
What are the six areas of development addressed in the LEED Green Building Rating System
- Sustainable Sites
- Water Efficiency
- Energy & Atmosphere
- Material and Resources
- Indoor Environmental Air Quality
5 Innovation in Design
What are the different classes of construction cost estimates?
CHOP 2.3.5
Class A (+/- 5-10%) Done at the end of construction documents
Class B (+/-10-15%) Design Development Phase
Class C (+/-15-20%) Schematic Design,
Class D (+/- 20-30%) Functional Program
What are three advantages of forced air heating ?
- Can allow for integrated cooling
- Quick response
- Distribution system hidden in walls and ceilings - no equipment in room
- Integrated Ventilation
What Does LEED stand for. Who is it developed by?
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, Developed by the US green building council
What factors influence construction cost
- Method of Construction (wood frame, CIP concrete etc)
- Building Form (more compact = cheaper_
- Building height and number of storeys
- Method of project delivery
- planned life of the structure
- choice of structural mechanical and electrical systems
- Economic and Political Factors ( inflation, Market conditions, economic climate
- Sustainable Design Requirements
- Site characteristics - topography , features , soil type
- Location - downtown or remote more expensive
- type of owner or client
- schedule - accelerated = more expensive
What is Architecture 2030 and the 2030 challenge
Architecture 2030 is an environmental advocacy group whose mission is to ‘provide information and innovative solutions in the of architecture and planning’. The 2030 challenge calls for all new buildings and developments to use half the fossil fuel energy they would typically consume, and all buildings to be carbon neutral by 2030
What is Functional Programming (or design brief)? Is it part of an architects basic services?
Functional programming is the decision making process that clearly defines the problem and scope of work for design. The functional program describes the requirements which a building must satisfy in order to support and enhance human activities.
Architectural fees for functional programming is NOT part of basic services
What is MasterFormat?
MasterFormat is a system of numbers and titles for organizing construction information into a regular standard order or sequence. It is organized in the well known ‘49 Division’ specification format, using a six-digit section numbering system. Each section is , in turn, organized according to a three part format for articles titled: General, Products and Execution
What is the difference between Construction Cost, Construction Budget & Project Budget?
Construction Budget - The maximum amount of money including contingency allowances, which the client is prepared to spend on the construction cost
Construction Cost - The total cost of the work to the client to construct all elements of the project designed by or on behalf of the, or as a result of coordination by the architect consisting of:
- The construction contract price
- cost of changes to the work
- construction management fee
- other fees related to the coordination or procurement of construction services,
- all applicable taxes (except value added tax)
Project Budget - The clients estimated total expenditure for the entire project. Includes construction budget, professional fees, cost of land, rights of way and all other costs to the client for the project.
What is the difference between cost planning and cost control?
Cost Planning is done during pre-design and schematic design phase. Cost control happens happens at the DD phase and later
What is the main role of the Canadian Architecture Certification Board (CACB)
CHOP 1.1.4 Education
- Certify the academic qualifications of candidates
- accredit programs offered by Canadian university schools of architecture
What is the Purpose of the Intern Architect Program?
CHOP1.1.4 Experience
- meet generally recognized standards of practical skill
- practice architecture in a way that protects health and safety of the public
What must the architect do at the end of each phase (SD, DD, CD) to ensure the project stays on budget
Document 6 , Schedule of Architect services
Update and review the construction cost estimate
As the project becomes more detailed, the estimate will become more accurate.
The architect’s fee, if percentage-based and calculated under the F2 fee Classification as described in the guide to document 6, should be adjusted accordingly at the end of each phase. The architects final fee us then set at the end of the bidding phase when the winning bid is chosen - the is final construction cost
What Resources are available to an architect to produce a project cost estimate?
Quantity Surveyors - Provide professional service
Construction Managers / Experts - expertise director from the construction industry
Construction Price Index - Data is usually published by government agencies and private companies - used a guide for general trends
Publications - Available from government agencies, private interest groups, private companies and quantity surveyors. Data from government agencies are more useful for indetifying trends and differences in national , regional and local costs.
What three items are excluded from the construction cost as defined in the Definitions of Document Six
Document Six, Definitions
1) Compensation for the Architect and other consultants
2) Other professional fees which are the responsibility of the client
3) Land and development cost
Which items are considered to be the architects instruments of Service
- Sketches
- Plans
- Drawings
- Graphic Representations
- Specifications
- Computer Generated Designs
- Reports
Which soils are most susceptible to frost action?
Silts an clays are most susceptible to frost action, while sands and gravels are the least. - low permeable soils retain water, which expands when frozen
Construction Cost Includes The Land and Land Development Charges, True or False?
False. These are excluded form Construction Cost and are included in Project Cost
What Variable Economic and Political Factors can Affect building costs and how?
- Inflation - results in escalation of construction costs
- market conditions - high demand or recessions will affect costs
- political and social conditions - if government stability is lacking, prices tend to be erratic
Other - union vs non-union labour, interest rates, demand for certain building materials, or exchange rates between nations for imported materials
