Exam 1

Question 1

What’s unique about the woman’s reproductive system in the autopsy video?

Answer 1

slit in cervix (probably had at least 1 child), had a benign tumor in her uterus, was still ovulating, had breast implants

Question 2

Origin, Insertion, and action of the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis

Answer 2

O: skin and subcutaneous layer of forehead and eyebrows
I: galea aponeurotica
A: raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

Question 3

Origin, Insertion, and Action of the Occipital belly of the Occipitofrontalis

Answer 3

O: superior nuchal line
I: galea aponeurotica
A moves the scale posteriorly

Question 4

Origin, Insertion, and Action of Orbicularis Oris

Answer 4

O: mandible, maxilla, other muscles
I: skin and lips surrounding mouth
A: puckers lips (kissing muscle)

Question 5

Origin, Insertion, and action of platysma

Answer 5

O: deltoid and pec major and acromion of scapula
I: skin of cheek and mandible
A: pulls lip down, tenses neck, depression of mandible

Question 6

Origin, insertion and action of buccinator

Answer 6

O: alveolar processes of mandible and maxilla
I: orbicularis oris
A: “trumpeter” compresses cheek, sucking and blowing

Question 7

Origin, insertion, and action of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 7

O: manubrium, sternal ends of clavicles
I: mastoid process of temporal bones
A: head forward and down (both contract), turns head opposite of side contracting

Question 8

Origin, insertion and action of temporalis

Answer 8

O: superior and inferior portions of temporal bone
I: coronoid process of mandible
A: elevates and retracts mandible

Question 9

Origin, insertion, and action of masseter

Answer 9

O: zygomatic arch
I: Lateral surface of coronoid process; lateral surface and angle of mandible
A: elevates and protracts mandible

Question 10

Origin, insertion and action of medial pterygoid

Answer 10

O: zygomatic arch
I: medial surface of mandibular ramus
A: elevates and protracts the mandible; side to side movement of mandible

Question 11

Origin, insertion, and action of later pterygoid

Answer 11

O: greater wing of sphenoid and lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
I: condylar process of mandible
A: protracts mandible; side to side movement, depresses the mandible

Question 12

Common antagonistic muscle pairs

Answer 12

-biceps and triceps
-hamstrings and quadriceps
-pectoralis major and latissimus Doris

Question 13

Common synergistic muscle pairs

Answer 13

-infraspinatus and teres minor
-brachialis and brachioradialis
- pectoralis minor and serratus anterior
- latissimus dorsi and teres major

Question 14

Origin, insertion and action of external oblique

Answer 14

O: external inferior borders of lower ribs
I: Linea alba
A: compress abdominal wall and flex vertebral column (both contract) lateral flexion of the vertebral column to the same side contracting

Question 15

Origin, insertion, and action of internal oblique

Answer 15

O: lumbar fascia, inguinal ligament, and iliac crest
I: linea alba
A: compress abdominal wall and flex vertebral column (when both contract) later flexion of the vertebral column to the opposite side contracting

Question 16

Origin, insertion, and action of transverse abdominis

Answer 16

O: iliac crest, lumbar fascia, inguinal ligament
I: linea alba
A: compress the abdominal wall (both contract) lateral flexion of the vertebral column (one contract)

Question 17

Origin, insertion, action of rectus abdominis

Answer 17

O: superior surface of pubis near symphysis
I: xiphoid process of sternum
A: flexes vertebral column and compresses the abdominal wall

Question 18

Auditory ossicles

Answer 18

Malleus, incus, stapes (hammer, anvil, and stirrup)

Question 19

Facial bones

Answer 19

-14 facial bones
- 2 maxilla
- 2 palantine
- 2 zygomatic
- 2 lacrimal
- 2 nasal
- 1 vomer
- 2 inferior nasal concha
- 1 mandible

Question 20

Origin, insertion, and action of serratus anterior

Answer 20

O: anterior and superior margins of upper ribs
I: medial (vertebral) border of scapula and anterior surface of scapula
A: scapula protraction, superiorly rotates scapula

Question 21

Origin, insertion, and action of pectoralis minor

Answer 21

O: sternal ends of upper ribs
I: coracoid process of scapula
A: protracts and depresses the scapula

Question 22

Origin, insertion, and action of trapezius

Answer 22

O: superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, spinour processes of C7-T12
I: clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula
A: elevates, superiorly rotates, and retracts scapula; draws head back

Question 23

Origin, insertion, and action of rhomboid major

Answer 23

O: spinous processes of T2-T5
I: medial (vertebral) border of scapula
A; retracts and elevates scapula and inferiorly rotates scapula

Question 24

Rhomboid minor

Answer 24

O: spinous process of C7-T1
I: medial (vertebral border of scapula
A: retracts and elevates scapula; inferiorly rotates scapula (same as rhomboid major)

Question 25

Origin, insertion and action of deltoid

Answer 25

O: acromial end of clavicle, the acromion, spine of scapula I: deltoid tuberosity on lateral mid-region of humerus A: anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm; middle fibers arm abduction; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate the arm

Question 26

Origin, insertion and action of coracobrachialis

Answer 26

O: coracoid process of scapula I: middle medial shaft of humerus A: adducts and flexes arm

Question 27

Origin, insertion, and action of teres major

Answer 27

O: inferior lateral border and inferior angle of the scapula I: lesser tubercle and intertubercular groove at proximal end of humerus A: arm extension and adducts and medially rotates arm

Question 28

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 28

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor

Question 29

Origin, insertion and action of subscapularis

Answer 29

O: subscapular fossa I: lesser tubercle of humerus A: medially rotates arm

Question 30

Origin, insertion, and action of supraspinatus

Answer 30

O: supraspinous fossa of scapula I: greater tubercle of humerus A: abducts the arm

Question 31

Origin, insertion, and action of infraspinatus

Answer 31

O: infraspinour fossa of scapula I: greater tubercle of humerus A: adducts and laterally rotates the arm

Question 32

Origin, insertion, and action of teres minor

Answer 32

O: upper lateral border of scapula I: greater tubercle of humerus A: adducts and laterally rotates the arm

Question 33

Bones of the foot

Answer 33

Calcaneus, talus, cuboid, navicular, medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiform, metatarsals, phalanges

Question 34

Muscles of the neck

Answer 34

Splenius capitus, semispinalis capitus, sternocleidomastoid

Question 35

Origin, insertion, and action of the diaphragm

Answer 35

O: xiphoid process, inferior borders of ribs I: central tendon A: inspiration

Question 36

“The pencils” of the body

Answer 36

Styloid processes on radius, ulna, and temporal bone