exam 1

Question 1

the MHC is divided into how many major regions
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5

Answer 1

c. 4

Question 2

which is not one of the 5 important factors in the functioning of antigens
a. degradability
b. structural stability
c. complexity
d. relativity
e. molecular weight

Answer 2

d. relativity

Question 3

MCH class I molecules include the regions:
B, C, D
A, B, D
A, B, C
A, C, D

Answer 3

ABC

Question 4

True or False
Papain generates a single bivalent antigen-binding fragment

Answer 4

false

Question 5

This immunoglobulin variant is the dominant type found on the immunoglobulins of all animals in a species.
a. allotype
b. idiotype
c. isotype

Answer 5

isotype

Question 6

What is the correct order for the phases of antibody response?

Answer 6

lag, log, plateau, decline

Question 7

Which of the following are applications of monoclonal antibodies:
- immunoassay development
- classifications of leukemias and lymphomas
- quantification of hormones
- b and c
- all of the above

Answer 7

all of the above

Question 8

place in the correct order of phagocytosis

Answer 8

chemotaxis
adherence
engulfment
phagosome formation
fusion
digestion and destruction

Question 9

opsonization is the coating of organisms by which two molecules
- Fc and C3
- Fc and C4
- C3 and C4
- Fa and C3

Answer 9

Fc and C3

Question 10

describe adhesion

Answer 10

Upregulation of integrins promote activity of cell adhesion molecules on the endothelium

Question 11

describe tethering

Answer 11

First contact of leukocyte with endothelium

Question 12

describe triggering

Answer 12

Neutrophil is prepared to receive signals from chemokines

Question 13

Monocytes and macrophages are the primary source of which polypeptide hormone:
- IL-1
- IL-17
- IL-10
- IL-25

Answer 13

• IL-1

Question 14

the cardinal signs of inflammation do not include
- pain
- bruising
- swelling
- redness

Answer 14

bruising

Question 15

chronic inflammation almost always leads to
- fibrosis
- pus formation
- resolution
- acute inflammation

Answer 15

fibrosis

Question 16

the progressive stages of sepsis are
- infection, sepsis, severe sepsis
- sepsis, septic shock, death
- sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock
- infection, severe sepsis, death

Answer 16

• sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock

Question 17

what is the sequence of component activiation in the classic pathway

Answer 17

1 4 2 3 5 6 7 8 9

Question 18

Which acute phase protein has greater specificity for proinflammatory markers for sepsis?
- alpha 1 antitrypsin
- c reactive protein
- procalcitonin
- C4

Answer 18

c reactive protein

Question 19

as a group, cytokines
- bind to specific membrane receptors on target cells
- act close to the site of synthesis on the same cell or on a nearby cell
- regulate receptor expression in T and B cells
- both a and b
- all of the above

Answer 19

all of the above

Question 20

who is the father of immunology

Answer 20

pasteur

Question 21

the innate immune system has how many lines of defense

Answer 21

1st and 2nd

Question 22

the adaptive immune system has all but
- the ability to exhibit memory of a prior response
- the ability to rearrange genes
- highly targeted precise response
- an immediate protection component

Answer 22

an immediate protection component

Question 23

The stem cell is a common ________ multipotential cell
- cd4
- cd20
- cd34
- cd80

Answer 23

CD34

Question 24

Which is not a tissue sentinel cell in the innate immune system?
- macros
- pmns
- mast cell
- dendritic cell

Answer 24

pmn

Question 25

what is the order of classical pathway stages

Answer 25

recognition, amplification, MAC

Question 26

Which cell's primary function is host defense against bacterial and fungal infections? - pmn - t lymph - baso - nk cell

Answer 26

pmn

Question 27

Which cell is associated the most with allergic reactions?

Answer 27

eosinophil

Question 28

All of the microbes that inhabit different locations in our bodies are called

Answer 28

microbiome

Question 29

what is humoral mediated immunity

Answer 29

antibodies in action

Question 30

what is cell mediated immunity

Answer 30

direct cell-cell contact or soluble products secreted by cells

Question 31

The characteristics of: - rapid recognition of microbes - use of widely expressed nonvariant receptors to recognize microbes - receptors to distinguish self from non-self are seen in which line of defense?

Answer 31

second

Question 32

Which immunoglobulin is commonly found in tears and saliva?

Answer 32

IgA

Question 33

True or False Lymphatic fluid, lymphocytes, and antigens enter the lymph node through the efferent duct and exit through the afferent duct.

Answer 33

false

Question 34

Which cell would not be considered to be part of the innate immune system? - monocytes - dendritic cells - NK cells - t lymphs

Answer 34

T lymphs

Question 35

what IL do PMNs respond to from the adaptive immune system

Answer 35

IL-17

Question 36

The characteristic associated with IgD is: - Predominant immunoglobulin in secretions - Increase in infectious diseases, collagen disorders, and hematologic disorders - Mediates some types of hypersensitivity reactions - Primarily a cell membrane immunoglobulin

Answer 36

Primarily a cell membrane immunoglobulin

Question 37

An appropriate description of IgG is: - Accounts for 10% of the Ig pool, largely confined to the intravascular space - Mediates some types of hypersensitivity - Found in tears, saliva, colostrum, milk, and intestinal secretions - Diffuses more readily into extravascular spaces, neutralizes toxins, and binds to microorganisms

Answer 37

Diffuses more readily into extravascular spaces, neutralizes toxins, and binds to microorganisms

Question 38

Bonding of antigen to antibody exists exclusively as

Answer 38

noncovalent bonding

Question 39

The surface marker for CD3 is found on: - all or most T lymphs - helper T - suppressor-cytotoxic T - T reg

Answer 39

all or most T lymphs

Question 40

A characteristic of Chediak-Higashi Syndrome is: a. Failure to exhibit increased anaerobic metabolism during phagocytosis b. Marked defect in cellular response to chemotaxis c. Mild-to-marked defect in bactericidal ability of neutrophils d. Defective leukocyte locomotion

Answer 40

b. Marked defect in cellular response to chemotaxis a. is CGD c. MPO deficiency d. leukocyte adhesion deficiency

Question 41

The characteristic associated with colony stimulating factor is: - stimulate hematopoietic growth factor - Encoding gene located in the HLA region between the HLA-DR and HLA-B loci - Induces phenotype transformation in non-neoplastic cells - Also known as IL-2

Answer 41

Stimulates hematopoietic growth factor

Question 42

Which of the following conditions can be associated with hypercomplementemia? - Myocardial infarction - Systemic lupus erythematosus - Glomerulonephritis - Subacute bacterial endocarditis

Answer 42

myocardial infraction

Question 43

Which is not one of the 4 main sources of Biological Response Mediators? - b lymphs - nk cells - monocytes - pmns

Answer 43

pmns