Exam 1

Question 1

What are the 4 fundamental forces of the universe? (strongest to weakest)

Answer 1

strong nuclear, electromagnetic, weak nuclear, gravitational

Question 2

What are the four states of matter?

Answer 2

solid, liquid, gas, plasma

Question 3

What is a physical property?

Answer 3

Characteristics of matter that can be observed by using your senses

Question 4

What is a chemical property?

Answer 4

Description of how one kind of matter behaves in presence of another kind of matter

Question 5

What is a chemical reaction?

Answer 5

Process that involves rearrangement of molecular/ionic structure of a substance

Question 6

What are Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion?

Answer 6

1. Law of Inertia
2. Force = mass x acceleration
3. Action-Reaction

Question 7

What is energy?

Answer 7

Ability to do work or cause change

Question 8

What does energy produce?

Answer 8

Warmth, light, sound, movement, growth, technology

Question 9

What are the areas of energy

Answer 9

Function of motion, position within a field, and radiation (vibrations within a field)

Question 10

Types of energy

Answer 10

Gravitational, stored mechanical, nuclear, chemical, mechanical, electrical, sound, radiant, thermal

Question 11

How is energy transferred?

Answer 11

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed.
Energy will always transfer from high to low.
No energy transfer is 100% efficient.

Question 12

How do conductors relate to energy transfer?

Answer 12

Substances that conduct heat well. They allow heat.

Question 13

How do insulators relate to energy transfer?

Answer 13

Substances that don’t conduct heat well. Keeps heat away.

Question 14

What are the two kinds of nuclear reactions?

Answer 14

Fusion and fission

Question 15

What is fusion?

Answer 15

Process of combining nuclei of atoms to make different atoms

Question 16

What is fission?

Answer 16

Process of breaking up the nucleus of an atom

Question 17

What is a physical change?

Answer 17

Change in which form of matter changes but not its composition

Question 18

What is a chemical change?

Answer 18

Change in composition of a substance change

Question 19

What is Newtons 1st law?

Answer 19

Object at rest, stays at rest, in motion stays in motion at constant velocity unless force acts

Question 20

What is Newtons 2nd law?

Answer 20

Force= mass x acceleration. The unit of force is Newtons (N).

Question 21

What is Newtons 3rd law?

Answer 21

For every action, there is a force.

Question 22

Is Earth an open or closed system? Why or why not? (SHORT ANSWER)

Answer 22

Earth is a closed system because it is not gaining or losing matter. The Earth is a constant matter. Energy can enter and exit, but matter can not.

Question 23

Example of physical property

Answer 23

Density

Question 24

Example of chemical property

Answer 24

Radioactive

Question 25

How do you know if a reaction is endothermic or exothermic?

Answer 25

If a reaction releases more energy than it absorbs, its exothermic (negative). If a reaction uses more energy than released its endothermic (positive).

Question 26

Example of a chemical reaction

Answer 26

Mixing vinegar and baking soda

Question 27

What is a good insulator?

Answer 27

Wood and plastic

Question 28

What is a good conductor?

Answer 28

Metals

Question 29

What is a system? Think of an example and what type of system it is?

Answer 29

System is a group of things that are working together to solve a task or do something. A greenhouse is an example of a stable system

Question 30

Think about an activity that we've done and what you learned from it? What concept was involved?

Answer 30

When we used the cars to see how much force was needed to knock down the blocks. We learned about different energies (gravity, inertia/acceleration) and how force interacts with them in this experiment.