Exam 1

Question 1

Potential and Kinetic energy are forms of

Answer 1

mechanical energy

Question 2

To avoid entropy, cells must

Answer 2

constantly acquire energy

Question 3

Entropy

Answer 3

measures the disorder in a system and is explained by the 2nd law of thermodynamics

Question 4

“Organic” includes which element(s)

Answer 4

CARBON and hydrogen

Question 5

Chemical reactivity of an organic molecule is determined by

Answer 5

the type of functional group attached
to the hydrocarbon chain

Question 6

Carbohydrates

Answer 6

1. Are the preferred energy source of cells
2. Are hydrophilic
3. Contain energy in carbon-carbon bonds
4. Have polysaccharides; long chains of glucose

Question 7

The majority of fats in a diet are

Answer 7

triglycerides

Question 8

Tertiary

Answer 8

level of structure where proteins often assumes its function within a cell

Question 9

Small Intestine

Answer 9

responsible for the majority of digestion and absorption of nutrients

Question 10

Organs that interact and aid the Small Intestine

Answer 10

Pancreas, Liver, and Gallbladder

Question 11

Enzymes work by

Answer 11

decreasing the amount of energy needed for the reaction to occur

Question 12

Regulators of enzyme activity

Answer 12

pH and temperature levels
+ feedback inhibition for the product of the reaction

Question 13

packaged into proteins that are transported to the lymphatic system before being used in the body

Answer 13

Fats and Oils (triglycerides)

Question 14

Where are carbohydrates processed

Answer 14

Mouth, Small and Large Intestines

Question 15

Eukaryotic cells contain which organells?

Answer 15

Nucleus, Mitochondria, and Internal compartments

Question 16

Mitochondrion

Answer 16

1. the site of aerobic respiration
2. an organelle found in eukaryotic cells
3. is the result of an endosymbiotic relationship between ancient bacteria

Question 17

Passive Processes

Answer 17

facilitated diffusion, diffusion, and osmosis

Question 18

concentration outside the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell

Answer 18

hypertonic

Question 19

Generates the majority of the ATP from energy nutrients

Answer 19

The electron transport chain

Question 20

Glycolysis does not occur in the

Answer 20

Mitochondria

Question 21

Energy drinks do not contain

Answer 21

carbohydrates

Question 22

B Vitamins

Answer 22

1. are water soluble
2. can contain components of coenzymes like NAD+ and FAD
3. can be used in the metabolism of fats and proteins

Question 23

Caffeine

Answer 23

1. is a psychoactive drug
2. acts as a stimulant to the CNS
3. raises the amount of fatty acids and glucose in the blood
4. interferes with adenosine (neurotransmitter) to decrease drowsiness

Question 24

Niacin and Folic acid

Answer 24

energy drink ingredients