exam 1 Flashcards
(39 cards)
define physics
interaction or energy, matter, space, and time with an interest in the fundamental mechanisms that underlie every phenomenon
define quantity
a property calculated from other measurements
define unit
standard for expressing a measurement
name the fundamental units
length- m- meters
mass- kg- kilograms
time- s- seconds
current- A- ampere
name the supplementary unit
angle- rad- radian
name the derived units
force- N=kgxm/s^2 - newton
energy- J=kgxm^2/s^2 - joule
power- W=J/s -watt
pressure- Pa=N/m^2 - pascal
frequency- Hz=1/s - hertz
electronic potential- V=J/C- volt
capacitance- F=C/V - farad
define uncertainty
quantitative measurement of how much values deviate from a standard
percentage uncertainty=
δA/A x100%
uncertainty=
l average-largest # l or l average-smallest # l
define accuracy
how close a measurement is to the correct value
define precision
how close agreement is between repeated measurements
% discrepancy=
l largest# - smallest#/largest# x 100% l
dimensional analysis
left and right sides must be equal in physical dimensions
significant figures
precision of measurement
define model
displays something too difficult to explain directly
define theory
testable explanation for patterns in nature
define law
generalized pattern in nature
what do models, theories, and laws do
imply the existence of unobserved phenomenons
define vector
quantity with magnitude and direction (displacement, velocity, force)
define scalar
quantity with only magnitude (distance, speed, mass, temp)
define position
were an object is at any particular time
define displacement
change in position of an object
given in meters
define distance
total length of the path travelled between two positions
define time
interval over which change occurs
