Exam 1

Question 1

What happens chemically in hydrolysis

Answer 1

A covalent bond is broken and a H is added to one side and an OH is added to another

Question 2

A glucose polymer synthesized by liver, muscle, uterine, and vaginal cells that serves as an energy-storage polysaccharide is a _______ molecule

Answer 2

glycogen

Question 2

energy storage molecule in plants is called

Answer 2

starch

Question 3

true or false: unsaturated fatty acids do not have double bonds

Answer 3

false, they do!

Question 4

true or false: saturated fatty acids have double bonds

Answer 4

false, they dont!

Question 5

which term refers to a molecule composed predominantly of a carbohydrate covalently bonded to a smaller protein component

Answer 5

a proteoglycan

Question 6

hydrophobic organic compound composed mainly of carbon and a high ratio of hydrogen:oxygen

Answer 6

lipid

Question 7

what two functional groups do fatty acids contain

Answer 7

carboxyl and methyl

Question 8

linoleic acids are examples of ______ fatty acids (sat. or unsat.)

Answer 8

unsaturated

Question 9

proteoglycans form ____

Answer 9

steroids

Question 10

what macromolecule is a triglyceride and steroid

Answer 10

lipid

Question 11

is palmitic acid saturated or unsaturated

Answer 11

saturated

Question 12

double bonds in fatty acid carbon chains indicates a _______ fatty acid

Answer 12

unsaturated

Question 13

________ fatty acids cannot be synthesized and must be obtained from your diet

Answer 13

essential

Question 14

three fatty acids joined to a glycerol is a _________

Answer 14

triglyceride

Question 15

________ molecules contain both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic region

Answer 15

amphiphilic

Question 16

double bonds in fatty acids mean….

Answer 16

unsaturated!
polyunsaturated = more than 2 DBs

Question 17

a common signaling molecule derived from a fatty acid

Answer 17

prostaglandin

Question 18

cholesterol is an example of a

Answer 18

steroid

Question 19

20 carbon compound derived from arachidonic acid

Answer 19

eicosanoids

Question 20

whats a prostaglandin

Answer 20

an eicosanoid with a single 5C chain

Question 21

level of protein structure including folding and alpha helices

Answer 21

secondary

Question 22

three parts of an amino acid

Answer 22

amino, carboxyl, R group

Question 23

tertiary structure is

Answer 23

bending proteins into globular or fibrous shapes

Question 24

protein structire determined by the interactions between two or more polypeptide chains within a protein

Answer 24

quarternary level

Question 25

true or false: a prostetic group is usually a smaller peptide

Answer 25

false

Question 26

true or false: proteins make up molecules that transport oxygen

Answer 26

true

Question 27

whats the prosthetic group in a glycoprotein molecule

Answer 27

carbohydrate

Question 28

keratin and collagen are ________ proteins

Answer 28

structural

Question 29

true or false: enzymes can act as reactants in the reactions they catalyze

Answer 29

false

Question 30

an enzyme that adds an inorganic phosphate group to another organic molecule is known as a _____-

Answer 30

kinase or phosphokinase

Question 31

I LUUUUUUVVV ORGANIC!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Answer 31

yes.

Question 32

whats the toxic end product of anaerobic fermentation

Answer 32

lactic acid

Question 33

true or false: GTP and ATP are nucleotides

Answer 33

true!

Question 34

______ enzymes add phosphate groups

Answer 34

kinase

Question 35

addition of an inorganic phosphate group to a organic molecule is known as the process of __________

Answer 35

phosphorylation

Question 36

_____ can be an extra source of phosphate for ATP

Answer 36

GTP

Question 37

whats a molecule derived from ATP and often serves as a second messenger

Answer 37

cAMP

Question 38

what organs are in the right hypochondriac region

Answer 38

liver and gallbladder

Question 39

what organs are in the right iliac region

Answer 39

ascending colon, right kidney, part of small intestine

Question 40

what organs are in the right lumbar region

Answer 40

stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, adrenal glands

Question 41

what organs are in the left hypochondriac region

Answer 41

spleen, colon, pancreas, part of the liver

Question 42

what organs are in the left iliac region

Answer 42

descending colon, sigmoid colon, part of small intestines

Question 43

what organs are in the left lumbar region

Answer 43

descending colon, left kidney, part of small intestine

Question 44

what organs are in the epigastric region

Answer 44

stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, adrenal glands

Question 45

what organs are in the hypogastric region

Answer 45

bladder, sigmoid colon, ovaries and uterus