Exam 1 Flashcards
(78 cards)
What does the social model ecological model emphasize
that we are constantly interacting with and influenced by our surrounding
What are the 4 domains associated with social model ecological model
- individual: age, education, income, attitudes, mental health history, trauma
- relationship: family, peer, partner, other social networks
- community: neighborhoods, schools, workplace
- societal: social and cultural norms, policy
What are the 3 concepts of communities
geographic: city, town, neighborhood
common interest: church, professional, people w/ mastectomies
community of solution: group of people who come together to solve a specific issue that affects them all
What are the overarching goals of healthy people 2030
o High quality, longer lives
Free of preventable disease, disabilities, injury, and premature death
o Heath equity, eliminate disparities
Improve the health of all groups
o Social and physical
Environments that promote good health for all
o Quality of life, health development and healthy behaviors
Across of life stages
Primary prevention and examples
Efforts to keep illness of injury from occurring
o Education
Secondary prevention and examples
Efforts to detect and treat existing disease before it is symptomatic
o Cutting nails of diabetics
o Change the medication of a diabetic
Tertiary prevention and examples
Reduce the extent and severity of health problems to its lowest possible level to minimize
disability and restore or preserve function
o Foot ulcers for diabetics
o Rehab to increase quality of life
What are the (3) core foundations of public health
Assessment:
Systemic collection, analysis, and sharing information about health conditions and risks,
and resources in a community
Policy Development:
Use of assessment data to develop policy and direct recourses toward those policies
Assurance:
Availability of necessary services through the community
Define epi
The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events and the
application of this study to the control diseases and other health problems
develops methods for the control of diseases
T/F diseases are random
The spread of disease is NOT random
o Disease patterns can be measured
Endemic
e.g.
Disease that is constantly present on a particular community or region
HIV
Epidemic
e.g.
Occurrence of a great number of cases of disease than ordinarily expected in
in a given population
Swine flu, cholera, AIDS, COVID, H1N1
Outbreak
An increased number of cases in the population that does not approach
epidemic proportions
Pandemic
The simultaneous experience of extensive disease outbreaks or epidemics in
several parts of the world
Mortality rate is
is the ratio of the number of deaths in a virus category (in a specified time
period) to the number of people in a given population (at that time period)
Age specific mortality rate e.g.
SIDS
case fatality rate e.g.
Alzheimer’s, ovarian cancer, ALS
Incidence definition
of new cases of a particular condition identified during a specific time period
divided by the total population at risk during that time period
Prevelance definition
Total number of poeple affected by a particular condition at a specified time new
and old cases divvied by the total population at risk during that time period
Epidemiology triad model includes what 3 categories
Host
Environment
Agent
Web of causation model allows…
the epidemiology to map interrelationships among factors contributing to the
development or prevention of a particular health condition –> Includes direct and indirect causes of disease
o Examples
Tobacco use
Infant mortality
MVA
What is the best evidence from a research trial
random controlled trail
Are cross sectional studies enough
no, data is only collected at one time point
What is a dose reponse relationship
Demonstrates that exposure and disease change together
With increasing levels of exposure there is a corresponding increase or decrease in
occurrence of disease
