exam 1

Question 1

QM in the lab

Answer 1

framework for managing and monitoring activities to address quality standards and achieve organizational goals

Question 2

Quality assurance

Answer 2

ensuring that plans, policies and procedures across the entire path of specimen workflow are followed.
- assessing the info gathered during QC activities & identifying & eliminating problems

Question 3

are quality assurance and quality assessment the same thing?

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

Quality Control

Answer 4

focuses on analytical, usually monitoring and recording the daily performance of lab equipment, as well monitoring testing reagent lot #s and expiry dates

Question 5

internal controls are used within labs to…

Answer 5

ensure quality testing results

Question 6

statistical QC

Answer 6

involves running specimens controls with known values
purpose is to detect error in the procedure by comparing control results to expected values

Question 7

non statistical QC

Answer 7

does not monitor actual production of test results, but it supports the ability to ensure our test results are valid
(documenting daily temperatures)

Question 8

trouble shooting:

Answer 8

F- figure out what’s going on
I- isolate the cause
R- resolve the problem
E- evaluate the solution
D- document all steps and outcomes

Question 9

specimen integrity

Answer 9

before either specimen POC testing or specimen loading on an instrument, it is imperative to ensure sample integrity

Question 10

hemolyzed

Answer 10

damaging of intact RBCs
fluid portion serum/plasma will appear clear red due to RBCs been lysed and the release of hemoglobin into fluid oortion

Question 11

icteric

Answer 11

specimens can be identified by abnormal yellow-brown colour of the specimens plasma/serum
due to an increase of bilirubin the blood

Question 12

lipemic

Answer 12

both serum/plasma will appear foggy and have a white hue due to presence of fats and lipids suspended in the fluid portion of blood

Question 13

specimen collection is part of which workflow in the lab

Answer 13

pre analytical

Question 14

preparing QC material is a part of which workflow in the lab

Answer 14

analytical

Question 15

specimen storage in walk in fridges is part of which workflow in the lab

Answer 15

post analytical

Question 16

when a lab profession prepares and runs QC material on a set schedule, what i type of QC are they performing

Answer 16

internal statistical QC

Question 17

what range on the standard bell curve is selected most often for the limit of control ranges in the clinical lab

Answer 17

+/- 2 SD

Question 18

in the acronym FIRED used for troubleshooting, what does the E stand for

Answer 18

evaluate

Question 19

which workflow do most lab errors happen

Answer 19

pre analytical

Question 20

asking patient to identify themself is what workflow

Answer 20

pre analytical

Question 21

accessioning is part of what workflow

Answer 21

pre analytical

Question 22

specimen storage is part of what workflow

Answer 22

post analytical

Question 23

examples of pre analytical

Answer 23

test ordering
specimen collection
specimen transport
specimen receipt and processing

Question 24

examples of analytical

Answer 24

test performance
review of test results
interpretation of test results

Question 25

examples of post analytical

Answer 25

test result reporting specimen management

Question 26

QC is typically what workflow

Answer 26

analytical

Question 27

non statistical QC

Answer 27

involves procedures that maintain and improve performance of analytical methods

Question 28

examples of non statistical QC

Answer 28

daily temps maintenance and troubleshooting on lab equipment room temp and humidity

Question 29

statistical QC is

Answer 29

the use of specimen controls and QC charts to monitor the performance of analytical methods and assess the validity of patient test results

Question 30

statistical QC in the lab involves

Answer 30

running specimen controls with known values

Question 31

what is a control range

Answer 31

is the acceptable range of QC values that accounts for normal day to day variations

Question 32

acronym FIRED for troubleshooting the F stands for?

Answer 32

figure out what’s going on

Question 33

acronym FIRED for troubleshooting the I stands for?

Answer 33

isolate the cause

Question 34

acronym FIRED for troubleshooting the R stands for?

Answer 34

resolve the problem

Question 35

acronym FIRED for troubleshooting the D stands for?

Answer 35

document all steps and outcomes

Question 36

pre analytical

Answer 36

activities that take place from the time the lab tests are ordered to the time the specimens are processed and delivered to the testing laboratory

Question 37

analytical

Answer 37

activities involved in performing a test, verifying the reliability of the test results and interpreting the findings

Question 38

post analytical

Answer 38

activities involved in reporting and archiving results as well as retention of specimens

Question 39

QA

Answer 39

ensures that plans, policies and procedures across the entire path of specimen workflow are followed

Question 40

statistical WC control are samples with **** concentration of analytes and are carried through the *** run of the test procedure exactly like a patient sample

Answer 40

known, analytical

Question 41

matrix

Answer 41

a control should be the same matrix as the patient samples so that it behaves the same as a patient specimen in the test method

Question 42

lyophilized

Answer 42

freeze dried

Question 43

control range

Answer 43

the acceptable range of QC values that accounts for normal day-to-day variations

Question 44

confidence interval

Answer 44

the control range 95% of the time, it is also know and a 95% CI

Question 45

during hemolysis the plasma/serum will appear…

Answer 45

clear and red due to red cells being lysed and the release of hemoglobin into the fluid portion

Question 46

how does icteric happen

Answer 46

due to an increase in bilirubin in the blood which can be caused by increased destruction of red cells

Question 47

how does lipemic happen and can be cleared by?

Answer 47

due to the presence of fats or lipids suspended in the fluid portion of the blood can be cleared by ultracentrifugation prior to testing

Question 48

what tube top has strict volume requirements and must be followed?

Answer 48

NaCit

Question 49

reasons why POC testing is gaining popularity

Answer 49

smaller volume of patient specimen required staffing shortages portability accessibility for rural communities reduced TAT convenience

Question 50

examples of non instrument POC test

Answer 50

pregnancy tests urine reagent strips/dipsticks blood glucose reagent strips/dipsticks infectious mononucleosis

Question 51

examples of handheld automated POC tests

Answer 51

glucose hemoglobin cardiac markers prothrombin time with INR

Question 52

MLA role in POC testing

Answer 52

responsible for the calibration and QC for both the non instrument and handheld tests