Exam 1 Flashcards
(25 cards)
- Which of the following describes a paracrine agent?
A. Released by a cell to stimulate other cell within same tissue
B. Released into the blood to act on distant tissue.
C. Released at median eminence to act on anterior pituitary
D. Paracrine is synonymous with endocrine
E. Released by a cell to act on receptor on the same cell
F. All of the above do describe a paracrine agent
Released by a cell to stimulate other cell within same tissue
- Which of the following is an example of a neuroendocrine reflex?
a. LH
b. Oxytocin
g. FAS
d. FSH
e. GnRH
f. None of the above
Oxytocin
- When a sperm head binds its receptor on the perivitelline membrane, that is an example of
signaling.
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Endocrine
d. Juxtacrine
e. Neurocrine
f. Spermocrine
Juxtacrine
- Norepinephrine is what kind of hormone based upon its chemical classification?
a Biogenic amine
b. Estrogen
c. Steroid
d. Eicosanoid
e. Glycoprotein
f. Proteoglycan
Biogenic Amine
- Which of the following are characteristics of all steroids?
a. Lipophilic
b. Synthesized from cholesterol
c. Metabolized via sulfonation
d. Blood-born transcription factors
e. Inactivated by carrier proteins
f. All of the above are characteristics of steroids.
All of the above are characteristics of steroids
- Genistein is……
a. A phytoestrogen
b. A weak estrogen in mammals
c. A biogenic amine
d. Synthesized from tyrosine
E. A&B
F. C & D
A and B
A phytoestrogen and weak estrogen in mammals
- Which of the following is NOT an estrogen?
a. Testosterone
b. Dihydrotestosterone
c. Reductase
d. Aromatase
е. All of the above are estrogen
f. None of the above are estrogen
None of the above are estrogen
- What can be said about estradiol?
a. Synthesized by aromatase
b. Synthesized in male brain
c. Is a steroid
d. Necessary for sperm production
e. Necessary for avian Müllerian duct development
f. All of the above can be said about estradiol
All of the above can be said about estradiol
- PGF2a is an example of a..
a. Eicosanoid
b. Hormone synthesized from arachidonic acid
c. A steroid
d. Synthesized from cholesterol
e. A&B
f. C& D
A and B
Eicosanoid and hormone synthesized from arachidonic acid
- Which of the following biogenic amines are NOT synthesized from tryptophan?
a. seratonin
b. melatonin
c. Norepinehrine
d. Dopamine
e. A and B
f. C and D
C and D
Norepinephrine and Dopamine (these are tyrosine)
- Which neuroendocrine agent is synthesized from arachidonic acid?
a. Dopamine
b. Norepinephrine or
c. Serotonin
d. Epinephrine
e. Estradiol
f. None of the above are synthesized from arachidonic acid.
f. None of the above are synthesized from arachidonic acid.
- Testosterone can be inactivated in blood serum via…
a. Androgen binding protein
b. Steroid-hormone binding globulin
c. Albumin
d. Corticosteroid binding globulin
e). All of the above
f. All of the above except D
f. All of the above except D
- Which of the following describes steroid hormone receptors?
a. lonotropic
b. Metabotropic
c. Found in cytoplasm
d. Bound in plasma membrane
e. All of the above describe hormone receptor
f. None of the above describe hormone receptors
c. Found in cytoplasm
- Which of the following could be used to describe episodic hormone release?
a. Basal release
b. Anecdotal release
c. diurnal release
d. Sustained release
e. All of the above describe episodic release
f. None of the above describe episodic release
c. diurnal release
- Detection, dosage, and withdrawal periods are three practical considerations for what characteristic of hormones?
a. Half life
b. Metabolic clearance rate
c. Giving drugs/hormones to dairy cows
d. Giving drugs/hormones to layer chickens
e. All of the above are considerations.
f. None of the above are considerations.
e. All of the above are considerations.
- What structure do all of the seminiferous tubules flow into?
a. Rete testes
b. Seminiferous tubules
c. Sertoli duct
d. Mesonephros duct
e. Sigmoid flexure
f. None of the above
a. Rete testes
- Which of the following is involved with X inactivation?
a. XIST
b. TSIX
c. SRY
d. DMRT1
e. HINTW
f. All of the above are involved with X inactivation.
a. XIST
- What hormone is responsible for the masculinization of the brain in males?
a. progesterone
b. testosterone
c. DHT
d estradiol
e. oxytocin
f. none of the above
d estradiol
- What gene is responsible for defeminization and masculinization of the genital ridge in birds?
a. HINTW
b. SRY
c. TDF
d) DMRT1
e. Autosomal genes
f. All of the above are a involved with masculinization of birds.
d) DMRT1
- The duck phallus is filled with ___________ during tumescence.
a. Lymph
b. Arterial Blood
c. Venous blood
d. Urine
e. Serum
f. Vampires
a. Lymph
- In birds, the utero-vaginal-junction (UVJ) contains the _____________
a. Follicles
b. Sperm storage tubules
c. Egg shell gland
d. Albumen glands
e. Egg membrane gland
f. Leydig cells
b. Sperm storage tubules
- In birds, fertilization must occur in the ____________
a. Vagina
b. Cervix
c. Uterine body
d. Infundibulum
e. Ovary
f. Mesosalpinx
d. Infundibulum
- Functions of the ovary include…..
a. Gametogenesis
b. Maturation of follicles
c. Synthesis and release of estradiol
d. Synthesis and release of progesterone
e. Production of the corpus luteum
f. All of the above
f. All of the above
- What hormones is derived from fat and its presence in the hypothalamus is required for the onset of puberty to occur?
a. Insulin
b. Thyroid hormone
c. Leptin
d. DHT
e. estrogen
f. oxytocin
c. Leptin
