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Adult care 3 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

normal ranges for PRI

A

0.12-0.2 sec

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2
Q

normal ranges for QRS complex

A

<0.10

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3
Q

how many seconds is a small box on an EKG?

A

.04 sec

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4
Q

how many seconds is a large box on an EKG?

A

0.2 sec

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5
Q

how many small boxes make up a large box on an EKG strip?

A

5 across

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6
Q

Sinus rhythm characteristics

A

Impulse initiate by the SA node
regular rate 60-100bpm
Regular rhythm
P wave with every QRS complex, T wave after
PRI interval 0.12-0.2 sec, QRS <0.10 sec, QT interval <0.44 sec

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7
Q

Characteristics of sinus tachycardia

A

P wave, QRS,T
PR interval 0.12-0.2
QRS <0.10
Reg rhythm
Rate is above 100

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8
Q

interpretation and potential implications of sinus tachycardia

A

Dehydration, exercise, hyperthyroidism, anemia, fever, HF, pain , anxiety

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9
Q

Characteristics of sinus bradycardia

A

Impulse from SA
HR less than 60
P wave before each QRS
Normal PRI (0.12-0.2) and QRS (<0.44)

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10
Q

interpretation and potential implications of sinus bradycardia

A

Fatal, drugs, ischemia, disease of the nodes, ICP, hypoxemia, athletes (normal)

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11
Q

characteristics of premature atrial contractions

A

early beats initiated by the atrium
P waves and PR intervals may vary
P wave may be in T wave

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12
Q

interpretation and potential implications of premature atrial contractions

A

narrow QRS complex and p wave means its atrial, some p waves may be non conductive

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13
Q

Tx of premature Atrial contractions

A
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14
Q

Tx of Atrial fibrillation

A

Anticoagulants and antidysrhythmics (amiodarone

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15
Q

characteristics of atrial fibrillation

A

”irregularly irregular”
-No discernible P wave
-Irregular ventricular rate (QRS inconsistent)
Multiple ectopic foci

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16
Q

interpretation and potential implications of atrial fibrillation

A

blood pooling in atria, blood clotting
Lack of blood flow and oxygenation, can lead to heart failure
Squiggle lines, “bag of worms”

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17
Q

characteristics of atrial flutter

A

-”sawtooth” pattern
-Fairly constant flutter waves with variable conduction
-ectopic foci in atria
-atrial rate fast and regular (250-350)

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18
Q

Tx of atrial flutter

A
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19
Q

interpretation and potential implications of atrial flutter

A

Conditions that cause ischemia, hypoxia
Lung disease (dec O2), CAD, hyperthyroidism, HF, alcoholism

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20
Q

characteristics of premature ventricular contractions

A

-wide and bizarre beats (QRS)
-compensatory pause (flatline before P wave)
-unifocal vs multifocal (all same size and shape)
-QRS complex greater than 0.10 sec
-irregular rhythm
-Absent P waves

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21
Q

Tx of Premature ventricular contractions

A

when symptomatic
Heart monitor
Treat underling cause
First line= beta blocker

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22
Q

interpretation and potential implications of premature ventricular contractions

A

stimulants
Ischemic heart disease
Lung disease

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23
Q

Bigeminy and Trigeminy PVC

A

PVC every other beat; ; every 3rd beat=PVC

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24
Q

Couplets and triplets PVC

A

two PVC in a row; three PVC in a row

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25
Characteristics of ventricular tachycardia
-rapid and life threatening -Three or more PVC in a row -Above 100bpm -initiated by ventricles -wide QRS complex -may or may not have a pulse -significant loss of CO -hypotension -no p wave
26
Tx of Ventricular tachycardia
pulseless=CPR and epinephrine Pulse=defibrillation
27
interpretation and potential implications of ventricular tachycardia
28
Tx of Ventricular fibrillation
29
characteristics of ventricular fibrillation
30
interpretation and potential implications of ventricular fibrillation
31
characteristics of asystole
Flat line with no ECG waveform
32
Tx of asystole
check for pulse and confirm absence and call a code blue, start CPR and epinephrine; NOT a shockable rhythm
33
interpretation and potential implications of asystole
pt is dead Heart stopped beating and there is no electrical activity
34
Characteristics of supraventricular tachycardia
35
Tx of supraventricular tachycardia
Adenosine
36
interpretation and potential implications of supraventricular tachycardia
37
What is the treatment of a pt with a dysrhythmia dependent on?
Hemodynamic status of the pt
38
risk factors for CAD
smoking, obesity, alcoholism, men, age over 40, sedentary lifestyle, hyperlipidemia
39
S/S stable angina
chest pain that occurs with exercise or activity but is relieved by rest
40
S/S unstable angina
chest pain that occurs even at rest
41
S/S MI
ST elevation
42
diagnostics for CAD
43
diagnostics ofr ACS
44
ischemia
45
infarction
46
ischemia vs infarction
47
meds to treat ACS
48
emergency care of ACS
49
post cardiac catheterization care
50
complication of cardiac catheterization
51
EKG changes associated with ischemia
ST depression
52
EKG changes associated with infarction
53
risks for vascular problems
54
cholesterol screening recommendations
55
med therapy for hyperlipidemia
56
Assessment findings for peripheral artery disease
57
assessment findings for peripheral venous disease
58
diagnostics and tx for peripheral artery disease
59
diagnostics and tx for peripheral venous disease
60
nursing care for peripheral artery disease
61
nursing care for peripheral venous disease
62
pt education for peripheral artery disease
63
pt education for venous disease
64
medications for PAD
65
medications for PVD
66
complications and prioritization of care for PAD
67
complications and prioritization of care for PVD
68
pt prep for arterial revascularization
69
pt education for arterial revascularizations
70
indications for arterial revascularizations
71
nursing implications and potential complications for arterial revascularizations
72
post-procedure care for arterial revascularization
73
assessment findings for mitral stenosis
74
diagnostics and tx for mitral stenosis
75
nursing care and pt education for mitral stenosis
76
meds for mitral stenosis
77
complications for mitral stenosis
78
prioritization of care for mitral stenosis
79
assessment findings for mitral regurgitation
80
diagnostics and tx for mitral regurgitation
81
nursing care and pt education for mitral regurgitation
82
meds for mitral regurgitation
83
complications for mitral regurgitation
84
prioritization of care for mitral regurgitation
85
assessment findings for mitral valve prolapse
86
diagnostics and tx for mitral valve prolapse
87
nursing care and pt education for mitral valve prolapse
88
meds for mitral valve prolapse
89
complications for mitral valve prolapse
90
prioritization of care for mitral valve prolapse
91
assessment findings for aortic stenosis
92
diagnostics and tx for aortic stenosis
93
nursing care and pt education for aortic stenosis
94
meds for aortic stenosis
95
complications for aortic stenosis
96
prioritization of care for aortic stenosis
97
assessment findings for aortic regurgitation
98
diagnostics and tx for aortic regurgitation
99
nursing care and pt education for aortic regurgitation
100
meds for aortic regurgitation
101
complication for aortic regurgitation
102
prioritization of care for aortic regurgitation
103
assessment findings for infective endocarditis
104
diagnostics and tx for infective endocarditis
105
nursing care and pt education for infective endocarditis
106
meds for infective endocarditis
107
complications for infective endocarditis
108
prioritizations of care for infective endocarditis
109
assessment findings for pericarditis
110
diagnostics and tx for pericarditis
111
nursing care and pt education for pericarditis
112
meds for pericarditis
113
complications for pericarditis
114
prioritization of care for pericarditis
115
assessment findings for dilated cardiomyopathy
116
diagnostics and tx for dilated cardiomyopathy
117
nursing care and pt education for dilated cardiomyopathy
118
meds for for dilated cardiomyopathy
119
complications for dilated cardiomyopathy
120
prioritization of care for dilated cardiomyopathy
121
assessment findings for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
122
diagnostics and tx for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
123
nursing care and pt education for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
124
meds for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
125
complications for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
126
prioritization of care for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
127
pt prep and education for balloon valvuloplasty
128
indications and nursing implications for balloon valvuloplasty
129
potential complications for balloon valvuloplasty
130
post-procedure care for balloon valvuloplasty
131
pt prep and education for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)
132
indications and nursing implications for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)potential complications
133
potential complications for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)
134
Post-procedure care for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)
135

Adult care 3 (3 decks)

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