Exam 1

Question 1

What bonds can rotate?

Answer 1

Single bonds

Question 2

Cis configuration

Answer 2

Substituents are on the same side

Question 3

Trans configuration

Answer 3

Substituents are on opposite sides

Question 4

Isomers

Answer 4

different compounds with the same molecular formula

Question 5

Constitutional isomers

Answer 5

Same molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms or connectivity (aka structural isomers)

Question 6

Stereochemical isomers

Answer 6

Same constitutional order but different spatial arrangement (includes cis-trans isomers)

Question 7

Bronsted acid

Answer 7

Proton donor

Question 8

Bronsted base

Answer 8

Proton acceptor

Question 9

What is the order of factors that affect stability?

Answer 9

1. Charge
2. Atom (Electronegativity or size)
3. Resonance
4. Inductive effect
5. Hybridization

Question 10

Electrophile

Answer 10

an electron-deficient atom or molecule (Lewis acid)

Question 11

Nucleophile

Answer 11

an electron-rich atom or molecule (Lewis base)

Question 12

How many carbons does the prefix meth- stand for?

Answer 12

1

Question 13

How many carbons does the prefix eth- stand for?

Answer 13

2

Question 14

How many carbons does the prefix prop- stand for?

Answer 14

3

Question 15

How many carbons does the prefix but- stand for?

Answer 15

4

Question 16

How many carbons does the prefix pent- stand for?

Answer 16

5

Question 17

How many carbons does the prefix hex- stand for?

Answer 17

6

Question 18

How many carbons does the prefix hept- stand for?

Answer 18

7

Question 19

How many carbons does the prefix oct- stand for?

Answer 19

8

Question 20

How many carbons does the prefix non- stand for?

Answer 20

9

Question 21

How many carbons does the prefix dec- stand for?

Answer 21

10

Question 22

Hydrocarbon functional group with single bonds

Answer 22

Alkane

Question 23

Hydrocarbon functional group with double bond(s)

Answer 23

Alkene

Question 24

Hydrocarbon functional group with triple bond(s)

Answer 24

Alkyne

Question 25

Aromatic

Answer 25

At least one ring with double bonds

Question 26

Alkyl

Answer 26

A chain of carbon and hydrogen atoms that is missing a hydrogen atom (R)

Question 27

Aryl

Answer 27

Any functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic ring

Question 28

Phenyl

Answer 28

A cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5

Question 29

Alcohol

Answer 29

Group with hydroxy (-OH) group (R-OH)

Question 30

Ether

Answer 30

Characterized by an alkoxy group, an oxygen bonded to two alkyl groups (R-O-R')

Question 31

Ketone

Answer 31

Characterized by carbonyl (C=O) group, bonded to 2 alkyl groups

Question 32

Aldehyde

Answer 32

Characterized by carbonyl (C=O) group, bonded to one alkyl group and one hydrogen atom

Question 33

Carboxylic acid

Answer 33

Characterized by carboxy group (RCOOH)

Question 34

Ester

Answer 34

Characterized by a carbonyl group bonded to an alkyl group and an oxygen that is also bonded to an alkyl group

Question 35

Amide

Answer 35

Characterized by a carbonyl group bonded to an alkyl group and a nitrogen that is bonded to two alkyl groups or hydrogen atoms

Question 36

Primary amine

Answer 36

Characterized by N bonded to one alkyl group and two hydrogen atoms

Question 37

Secondary amine

Answer 37

Characterized by N bonded to two alkyl group and one hydrogen atom

Question 38

Tertiary amine

Answer 38

Characterized by N bonded to three alkyl groups

Question 39

Nitrile

Answer 39

Characterized by cyano group (C triple bond N) (RCN)

Question 40

Thiol

Answer 40

R-S-H

Question 41

Sulfide/thioether

Answer 41

R-S-R