Exam 1

Question 1

Define head loss

Answer 1

The total pressure losses sustained by the fluid as it flows from the section point to discharge point

Question 2

Fanning friction factor

Answer 2

A dimensionless number that quantifies the amount of frictional resistance in a pipe flow based on the Reynolds number and relative roughness of the pipe

Question 3

Reynolds number

Answer 3

A dimensional quantity that predicts flow patterns in different fluid flow regime( laminar, turbulent) it is used to calculate the friction factor

Question 4

Laminar flow

Answer 4

A slow regime where fluid moves in smooth parallel layers with little mixing. typically occurs at Reynolds numbers below 2000

Question 5

Turbulent flow

Answer 5

A chaotic flow regime characterized by swirls and eddies
often occurring at Reynolds numbers above 4000

Question 6

Pa

Answer 6

N/m^2

Question 7

N

Answer 7

Kg/ m * s^2

Question 8

W

Answer 8

J/t

Question 9

How do you get from work to power?

Answer 9

Density times volume metric flow rate times work

Question 10

Adiabatic

Answer 10

If you’re dealing with adiabatic flow in a fluid mechanics context it usually means you’re assuming no heat is added or removed from the fluid as it flows

Question 11

Steady state

Answer 11

The flow conditions are not changing. What flows in is equal to what flows out, and there are no time dependent variations in the system.

Question 12

Shaft Work

Answer 12

The fluid is either being physically moved by something or is physically moving something: examples are pumps, compressors, turbines, and mixers

Question 13

Is work done on the fluid positive or negative?

Answer 13

Positive

Question 14

Is work done by the fluid positive or negative?

Answer 14

Negative

Question 15

Open system

Answer 15

An open system is one in which mass and energy transfer between systems and surroundings

Question 16

Internal energy

Answer 16

Mechanical energy lost by the fluid. Due to energy loss from resistance to flow in the system.

Question 17

What can I use to solve for velocity?

Answer 17

Option one: volumetric flow rate and pipe dimensions
Option two: mass flow rate, density and pipe dimensions

Question 18

How can I solve for Ws?

Answer 18

For pumps and compressors shaft work can be solved, using power and mass flow rate

Question 19

Which phases go through pumps? Options: gases liquids, solids.

Answer 19

Liquids

Question 20

does the temperature increase or decrease with compression? Why?

Answer 20

With compression, if the shaft doesn’t work on the fluid, the temperature will increase

Question 21

Does the temperature increase or decrease with expansion? Why?

Answer 21

With expansion, the fluid doesn’t work on the shaft and the temperature decreases

Question 22

Moving a fluid from high-pressure to low pressure. Expansion or compression?

Answer 22

Expansion

Question 23

Moving a fluid from low pressure to high pressure. Expansion or compression?

Answer 23

Adiabatic compression

Question 24

Newtonian fluid

Answer 24

A fluid that flows in a way where the “thickness“ (viscosity) doesn’t change no matter how fast you move it. Example: water.

Question 25

Non-Newtonian fluid

Answer 25

A fluid whose viscosity changes depending on how fast or slow it’s flowing or how much force is applied to it. Example: catch up, it’s thick when you try to pour slowly, but when you shake the bottle ( apply force ), it becomes runnier and flows more easily.

Question 26

Does pressure drop or rise between the inlet of flow and the outlet of flow?

Answer 26

Pressure will drop due to frictional loss

Question 27

If the Reynolds number is less than 2100, is the flow laminar or turbulent?

Answer 27

Laminar

Question 28

If the Reynolds number is greater than 4000, is the flow laminar or turbulent?

Answer 28

Turbulent

Question 29

True or false. Newtonian fluids can be either compressible or incompressible.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

True or false? In real pumps or compressors, the fluids will always leave hotter than an an ideal case.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

True or false. The Bernoulli equation is not valid when there is an operational pump or compressor in the system.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Fluid is flowing out of a pump down a pump that has constant dimensions. Compared to the pressure at the pump exit the pressure of the fluid downstream is ..

Answer 32

Lower

Question 33

If the sheer stress has a linear relationship to the velocity gradient of the fluid, the fluid is:

Answer 33

Newtonian

Question 34

If a fluid is in the laminator flow regime, some way to possibly make the flow turbulent are:

Answer 34

Increasing the fluid velocity, decreasing the fluid viscosity, increasing the pipe diameter

Question 35

True or false? For a liquids, the kinetic energy terms are negligible and can be ignored.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

True or false? For gases, the potential energy terms are sizable, and cannot to be ignored.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

If a pipe diameter and wall sheer remain constant, how will increasing the length of the pipe affect the downstream pressure?

Answer 37

Decrease it