exam 1 Flashcards

Question

What affects BP readings

Answer 1

Pt should be seated at least 5 min. and refrained from smoking or ingesting caffeine during 30 minutes before measurement Systolic over diastolic

Answer 2

– Drop in systolic BP of >10 from baseline despite an increase in workload when accompanied by other evidence of ischemia – Moderately severe angina (defined as 3 on a pain scale) – Increasing nervous system symptoms (ataxia, dizziness, near syncope) – Signs of poor perfusion – Technical difficulties monitoring – Subject’s desire to stop

Answer 3

– Drop in systolic BP of >10 from baseline despite an increase in workload in the absence of other evidence of ischemia – Fatigue, SOB, wheezing, leg cramps, Claudication – Increasing chest pain – Hypertensive response (SBP >250 and/or DBP >115) – Resting HR >130 bpm or < 40 bpm

Answer 4

Over 65 or permanent disability or end-stage renal disease or ALS

Answer 5

Insurance for hospital and skilled nursing facilities (SNF)

Answer 6

Coverage requires payment of premiums Covers physician visits, outpatient therapy, other services not covered by A

Answer 7

Must be enrolled in A and B Allows private companies to offer Medicare plans like HMOs and PPOs Often includes vision, dental, hearing, wellness, and prescription services. Sometimes even gym memberships and transportation.

Answer 8

Prescription drug coverage Requires a monthly premium Must be enrolled in A and B Covers brand name and generic 2 types Prescription Drug Plan (PDP) Medicare Advantage and Prescription Drug Plan (MA-PD) Drug and medical coverage

Answer 9

Must have Medicare A and B. Not used with Medicare Advantage plans Supplemental insurance through private insurances or agencies. Sometimes through an employer you retired from. Meant to cover the difference in what Medicare doesn’t cover. Monthly premiums

Answer 10

Low income, some elderly, disabled, children, pregnant women Based on financial need. Must apply Federally mandated, but state administered and funded States receive some federal funding Coverage is mandatory for hospital services, physicians, labs, and x-rays, home health services.

Answer 11

Provided by an employer Must include: Medical care Temporary disability benefits Permanent disability benefits Supplemental job displacement benefits Vocational rehabilitation Death benefits Time sensitive Allows employers to monitor progress Cap on expenses Physician assigned by employer

Answer 12

Direct vs General supervision Different settings Medicare changes

Answer 13

Reimbursement of student services has become limited (pg. 52) In some cases, nursing homes in Missouri, PT must be on-site. Refer to each facilities guidelines. Student and CI can’t be treating different patients at the same time for Part B but can for Part A. - Only therapist services can be billed under Part B APTA recommends documentation be done by therapist for Part B

Answer 14

Plan of Care (POC) is developed by PT Treatment must be “reasonable and necessary” Goals are to return to highest functional level possible, reflecting medical necessity Time period is determined by third party payers

Answer 15

Diagnosis should include the medical need for therapy Requires documentation reflecting need for skilled therapy

Answer 16

Individualized Education Plan (IEP) developed by team with PT input Goals must reflect educational necessity – can’t move about the educational environment, can’t ambulate independently, balance or coordination problems Adaptive PE Treatment can continue until age 21

Answer 17

Not based on diagnosis Need for treatment is based on problems noted meeting educational goals

Answer 18

Anything out of the ordinary Anything inconsistent with the facility’s usual routine or treatment procedure An accident or situation that could cause an accident

Answer 19

through lobe of ear through bodies of cervical vertebrae midway through trunk through greater Trochanter slightly anterior to a midline through knee slightly anterior to lateral malleolus

Answer 20

symmetry bisects sternum level nipples level pelvic crests level ASIS level patella level malleoli bisects base of support 8-10 degrees of forefoot abduction

Answer 21

Bisect head bisects spinal column level pelvic crests level PSIS LEs straight popliteal creases even feet parallel or toeing out slightly Heelcords are vertical

Answer 22

Not wanting to spend time on one of the legs, decreased stance phase on the affected leg, and accelerated swing phase on affected side

Answer 23

Hips and knees flexed, ankles extended and internally rotated, tight hip adductors ankle plantar flexor weakness, lever arm dysfunction, knee and hip flexion contractures, and hamstrings contractures Swinging gait on both sides, low/mid guard

Answer 24

Parkinson’s during ‘off phase’ Reduced arm swing, turning is difficult, shuffling feet

Answer 25

Incoordination of lower limbs, foot placement and step length change constantly with foot crossing midline. Poor balance

Answer 26

an exaggerated lifting of the foot during each step Ms, stroke, drop foot, Damage to the peroneal nerve (which controls foot dorsiflexion muscles)

Answer 27

Compensation for being unable to go through the swing phase Poor hip flexion, knee flexion, or ankle dorsiflexion

Answer 28

Weak dorsiflexors, damage peroneal nerve

Answer 29

Weak gluteus medias

Answer 30

Weak hip abductors

Answer 31

Tight hip adductors, weak abductors

Answer 32

2+ people measuring the same thing

Answer 33

1 person measuring the same thing

Answer 34

crime punishable by law, billing for services that were never provided, or billing higher reimbursement that service provided: INTENTIONAL

Answer 35

result of an error, billing/copayment errors, unaware of proper procedures, claims for services not medically necessary: UNINTENTIONAL

Answer 36

weak knee flexors, quads