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Cardio ICARE > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Lotensin

A

benazepril

ACE-I, oral

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2
Q

Capoten

A

captopril

ACE-I, oral

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3
Q

Vasotec

A

enalapril

ACE-I, oral/IV(enalaprilat)

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4
Q

Monopril

A

fosinopril

ACE-I, oral

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5
Q

Zestril

A

lisinopril

ACE-I, oral

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6
Q

Univasc

A

moexipril

ACE-I, oral

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7
Q

ACE-I

angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor

A

reduce angiotensin II levels, reduce vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion, increase bradykinin

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8
Q

Edarbi

A

azilsartan

ARB, oral

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9
Q

Atacand

A

candesartan

ARB, oral

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10
Q

Teveten

A

eprosartan

ARB, oral

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11
Q

Avapro

A

irbesartan

ARB, oral

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12
Q

Cozaar

A

losartan

ARB, oral

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13
Q

Benicar

A

olmesartan

ARB, oral

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14
Q

Micardis

A

telmisartan

ARB, oral

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15
Q

Diovan

A

valsartan

ARB, oral

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16
Q

ARB

angiotensin receptor blocker

A

more selectively reduce the effects of angiotensin than ACE-I (block AT1-R) –> reduce vasoconstriction and aldosterone release. NO effect on bradykinin

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17
Q

Norvasc

A

amlodipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral

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18
Q

Cleviprex

A

clevidipine

DHP Ca channel blocker - 4th gen, IV

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19
Q

Cardizem

A

diltiazem

NDHP Ca channel blocker, oral/SR/IV

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20
Q

Plendil

A

felodipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral ER

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21
Q

DynaCirc

A

isradipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral/ER

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22
Q

Cardene

A

nicardipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral/SR/IV

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23
Q

Procardia

A

nifedipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral/ER

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24
Q

Sular

A

nisoldipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral ER

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25
Calan/Isoptin
verapamil | NDHP Ca channel blocker, oral/SR/IV
26
Non-dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker
vasodilators (mostly in arterioles, not veins), non-selective block of L-type slow Ca channels in SA/AV nodes, cardiac myocytes, and vascular smooth muscle) --> reduce CO, HR, PVR, (dec contractility)
27
Dihydropyridine Ca channel blockers
vasodilators (mostly in arterioles, not veins), block vascular Ca channels more so than cardiac Ca channels --> reduce PVR (no decrease in venous return ~ no orthostatic HTN
28
Corgard
nadolol - 1st gen | non-selective beta blocker, oral
29
Levatol
penbutolol - 1st gen | non-selective beta blocker, oral
30
Visken
pindolol - 1st gen ISA | non-selective beta blocker, oral
31
Inderal
propranolol - 1st gen | non-selective beta blocker, oral/SR/IV
32
Blocarden
timolol - 1st gen | non-selective beta blocker, oral
33
Coreg
carvedilolol - 3rd gen inhibit LDL oxidation | non-selective beta blocker, oral/ER 2D6/2C9
34
Normodyne/Trandate
labetolol - 3rd gen for resistant HTN | non-selective beta blocker, oral/IV
35
Betapace
sotalol - | non selective beta blocker, oral
36
Sectral
acebutolol - 2nd gen ISA, mem stabilizing | B1 selective beta blocker, oral
37
Tenormin
atenolol - 2nd gen | B1 selective beta blocker, oral/IV
38
Kerlone
bextaxolol - 3rd gen | B1 selective beta blocker, oral
39
Zebeta
bisoprolol - 2nd gen | B1 selective beta blocker, oral
40
BreviBloc
esmolol - 2nd gen | B1 selective beta blocker, IV
41
Lopressor/Toprol
metoprolol - 2nd gen | B1 selective beta blocker, oral/ER/IV
42
Tekturna
aliskiren | renin inhibitor, oral
43
Diamox
acetazolamide | carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, oral/SR/IV
44
Neptazane
methazolamide | carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, oral
45
Osmitrol
mannitol | osmotic diuretic, IV
46
Lasix
furosemide | loop diuretic, oral/IV (sulfa)
47
Edecrin
ethacrynic acid | loop diuretic, oral/IV (non-sulfa)
48
Demadex
torsemide | loop diuretic, oral/IV (sulfa)
49
Bumex
bumetanide | loop diuretic, oral/IV (sulfa)
50
Hydro-DIURIL/Esidrix/Microzide
hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) | thiazide diuretic, oral/liquid
51
Diuril
chlorothiazide | thiazide diuretic, oral/liquid/IV
52
Hygroton/Thalitone
chlorthalidone | thiazide diuretic, oral
53
Lozol
indapamide | thiazide diuretic, oral
54
Midamor
amiloride | K sparing diuretic, oral
55
Dyrenium
triamterene | K sparing diuretic, oral
56
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor MOA
inhibition of CA in the PCT --> prevents dehydration of H2CO2 and hydration of CO2 (decreases absorption of weak acids --> increasing urine pH) Not a good diuretic, decreases IOP
57
Loop diuretic MOA
inhibition of NKCC2 transporter in TAL --> increased NaCl excretion, K wasting, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, increased Ca and Mg in urine
58
thiazide diuretic MOA
inhibition of NaCl transporter in the DCT --> increased NaCl excretion, K wasting, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, decreased Ca in urine
59
Potassium-sparing diuretic MOA
block epithelial Na channels in CT --> reduces Na retention and K wasting
60
aldosterone receptor antagonist MOA
block aldosterone receptor in CT, mild blockade of androgen receptors --> reduces Na retention and K wasting in the kidney (poorly understood antagonism of aldosterone in the heart and vessels)
61
Aldactone
spironolactone | K sparing diuretic/aldosterone receptor antagonist, oral
62
Inspra
eplerenone | K sparing diuretic/aldosterone receptor antagonist, oral
63
JNC 8 HTN guideline - general population greater than or equal to 60
<150/90
64
JNC 8 HTN guideline - DM, CKD, population less than 60
<140/90
65
AHA guideline - uncomplicated HTN
<140/90
66
AHA guideline DM, CKD, CHF, PAD, carotid artery disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, MI, angina, multi CV risks, Framingham risk >/= 10%
<130/80
67
AHA guideline - left ventricular dysfunction/systolic HF
<120/80
68
ADA guideline - DM
<140/80
69
Non-selective Alpha receptor antagonists
phentolamine/phenoxybenzamine | used for tissue extravasation and pheochromocytoma (pbz - irreversible blockade)
70
Alpha 1 receptor antagonist
Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin | used to treat HTN and BPH
71
Alpha 1 receptor antagonist MOA
dilates arterioles and veins, lowers PVR, pre-load, and after-load. Must titrate dose up slowly
72
Alpha 1 receptor antagonist SE
postural hypotension, syncopal episodes, dizziness, HA
73
Beta blocker MOA
decrease HR and contractility (negative inotropic and chronotropic effects), decreases oxygen consumption, blocks renin from JG cells. Reduces systolic pressure and PVR
74
Beta blocker CI
its with heart block, could cause problems in diabetics and mask sx of hypoglycemia
75
Beta blocker SE
lower HDL, increase LDL and TG, bradyarrythmia, depression, DO NOT stop abruptly - taper down due to increased sympathetic response
76
Other effects of 3rd gen beta blockers
alpha blockade, NO production, B2 agonism, Ca block, K channel opening, antioxidant, increased insulin sensitivity, decreased TG

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