Exam 1

Question 1

Once a neuron has fired, it cannot fire again until after…

Answer 1

the refractory period

Question 2

The junction between the axon tips of sending neurons and the dendrites or cell bodies of receiving neurons are called…

Answer 2

synapses

Question 3

What is the correct communication path followed by neurons?

Answer 3

Dendrite to axon

Question 4

The chemical messengers that are passed from one neuron to another during an action potential are called…

Answer 4

neurotransmitters

Question 5

Bryan, on his daily walk in the park, was frightened when a snake crossed his path. He fled as fast as he could to rest on a bench on the edge of the park. Which body system helped to calm Bryan?

Answer 5

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 6

Three year old Stan can’t remember any events from a family cruise to Bermuda when he was 1 year old. This best illustrates…

Answer 6

infantile amnesia

Question 7

What did Harry Harlow and Margaret Harlow find when they studied monkeys?

Answer 7

Attachment derives from bodily contact.

Question 8

According to Piaget, which concept refers to our ability to adapt our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information?

Answer 8

Accommodation

Question 9

Which parenting style is characterized by parents being coercive by imposing rules and expecting obedience?

Answer 9

authoritarian

Question 10

Jenna is an adolescent who has formed a close, loving relationship with Juno. What term did Erik Erikson use to describe this ability to form an emotionally close relationship?

Answer 10

Intimacy

Question 11

Frequency is to pitch as amplitude is to

Answer 11

loudness

Question 12

Which of the following determines the perceived brightness of colors?

Answer 12

amplitude

Question 13

The process of _____transforms stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brain can interpret.

Answer 13

transduction

Question 14

When Andy turns his textbook around, the rectangular book casts an increasingly trapezoidal image on his retinas, yet he still perceives it as rectangular. What explains such perception?

Answer 14

Shape constancy

Question 15

Although Betsy was sitting right next to her boyfriend, she smelled a badger before he did. Apparently, Betsy has a lower _______ for badger odor than her boyfriend.

Answer 15

absolute threshold

Question 16

A(n) _____ explains behaviors or events by offering ideas that organize observations.

Answer 16

theory

Question 17

Another term for hindsight bias is known as _____.

Answer 17

the I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon

Question 18

Which research method did Jane Goodall use when studying chimpanzees in the wild?

Answer 18

Naturalistic observation

Question 19

In a double-blind procedure, who is unaware of the experimental group assignment?

Answer 19

Neither the experimenter nor the participants are aware.

Question 20

In an experimental situation, subjects of group B are not exposed to the special treatment, effects of which are under study, making group B the ____ group.

Answer 20

control

Question 21

What is the range of measurement for coefficients of correlation?

Answer 21

–1.0 to +1.0

Question 22

Which measure of central tendency depicts the most frequently occurring scores?

Answer 22

The mode

Question 23

In which kind of a distribution do most cases fall near the mean, and in which kind do fewer cases fall near either extreme?

Answer 23

Normal distribution

Question 24

In a research study, Gojo finds a very high correlation between two variables. Which of the following is the coefficient Gojo got?

Answer 24

0.90

Question 25

What is the mode from the following set of numbers: 2, 2, 5, 1, 3, 2, 1

Answer 25

2

Question 26

Correlation is causation. True or False?

Answer 26

False

Question 27

Which ethical guideline did a researcher violate when the names of the participants were disclosed to the public?

Answer 27

Confidentiality

Question 28

In an experiment that looks at the effects of sugar consumption on hyperactivity in children, what would the independent variable be?

Answer 28

Sugar

Question 29

Which kind of sampling procedure allows each member of the population an equal chance of being selected?

Answer 29

Random sample

Question 30

In an experiment that looks at the effects of caffeine on alertness in class, one group of students gets caffeinated coffee, another group of students gets water, and a final group of students gets decaffeinated coffee (but thinks it is caffeinated). The last (decaf) group would be the ___.

Answer 30

placebo group

Question 31

In Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, what behavior do egocentric children demonstrate?

Answer 31

Egocentric children have difficulty perceiving things from another’s point of view.

Question 32

In which stage of Erikson’s stage of psychosocial development do individuals either discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually through family and work, or feel a lack of purpose?

Answer 32

Generativity vs stagnation

Question 33

Ralph repeatedly shows his baby a rattle, to which the baby is no longer responding. Waning interest in an object with repeated exposure is known as ____.

Answer 33

habituation

Question 34

When Ali’s mother hides his toy under a blanket, he pulls the blanket aside to see if the toy is still there. During which stage of development does object permanence manifest?

Answer 34

Sensorimotor

Question 35

Harry has neural plaques and is experiencing a progressive decline in memory and other cognitive abilities. Which neurocognitive disorder (NCD) does Harry have?

Answer 35

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 36

The brain’s ability to build new neural pathways based on experience is also known as ____.

Answer 36

neuroplasticity

Question 37

What is the correct communication path followed by neurons?

Answer 37

Dendrite to axon

Question 38

Which lobes of the cerebral cortex receive sensory input related to touch and body position?

Answer 38

Parietal lobes

Question 39

Good feelings such as “runner’s high” are experienced when _____ is/are released by the body.

Answer 39

endorphins

Question 40

After a serious accident that injured his brain, Geto is unable to process and store explicit (conscious) memories. Which brain area has Geto damaged?

Answer 40

Hippocampus

Question 41

Which measure of central tendency depicts the middle score in a distribution?

Answer 41

The median

Question 42

Research and statistics go hand-in-hand. True or False?

Answer 42

True

Question 43

The difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution is referred to as the:

Answer 43

range

Question 44

What is the mode from the following set of numbers: 2, 2, 5, 1, 3, 2, 1

Answer 44

2

Question 45

What is the median for the following set of numbers? 10, 8, 5, 10, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11

Answer 45

9

Question 46

The minimum stimulus energy needed to detect a stimulus 50 percent of the time is called (the) ____.

Answer 46

absolute threshold

Question 47

Our ability to see objects in three dimensions, even though the images that strike the retina are two-dimensional, is known as (the) _____.

Answer 47

depth perception

Question 48

Which of the following is TRUE of the cones found in the eye?

Answer 48

Cones detect details best.

Question 49

According to the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory, which of the following is NOT one of the three colors our cones detect?

Answer 49

Yellow

Question 50

Megumi has damaged the fusiform area in the temporal lobe of his brain. As a result of this, he can now _____.

Answer 50

no longer recognize familiar faces as before the damage