Exam 1

Question 1

“sacrifice” in Hinduism. in order to get to Moksha, hindus must perform sacrificial rituals of products into a sacred fire

Answer 1

Yajna

Question 2

“That One” in hinduism, the one supreme source of everything that is

Answer 2

Tad Ekam

Question 3

“divine” world; refers to the world that is beyond our physical world

Answer 3

Metacosm

Question 4

“big world”; refers to the physical, objective world around us

Answer 4

Macrocosm

Question 5

“small world”; refers to the human/individual world within ourselves

Answer 5

Microcosm

Question 6

“the original person” in hinduism, the projection of the metacosm (divine world) onto the macrocosm (physical world)
The division of the Purusa translates into the castes
Brahmins –> mouth
Kashatriyas –> arms
Vishas –> thighs
Shudras –> feet

Answer 6

Purusa

Question 7

the “three faces” of divinity in hinduism
- Brahma: face as creator
- Vishnu: face as preserver
- Shiva: face as destroyer

Answer 7

Trimurti

Question 8

“the one” in hinduism, your divine “self” that achieves Moksha

Answer 8

Atman

Question 9

the “illusion” that covers the true nature and reality of the world

Answer 9

Maya

Question 10

“without qualities”, the concept of being beyond forms and limitations

Answer 10

Nirguna

Question 11

“with qualities”, the concept of having limitations and forms

Answer 11

Saguna

Question 12

The Hindu concept of the spirit’s ‘liberation’ from samsara (endless rebirths). once achieved, you will be free from any limitations

Answer 12

Moksha

Question 13

• In Hinduism: how “well” you follow the Dharma, actions and consequences that influence one’s cycle of rebirth (samsara)
• In Buddhism: the idea that our actions, thoughts, and intentions have future consequences. affects rebirth but without a permanent self

Answer 13

Karma

Question 14

1: learning the technical aspects of hinduism tht will be required of you when you become a householder. learn the vedas, how to perform sacrifices, humble yourself

4 Stages of Life in Hinduism

Answer 14

Studenthood

Question 15

Forest books
The 4 stages of life in Hinduism (studenthood, householder, forest dweller, sanyasin)

Answer 15

Aranyakas

Question 16

2: start a family, conduct sacrifices, uphold the community and the cosmos

The 4 Stages of Life in Hinduism

Answer 16

Householder

Question 17

3: once you’re a grandparent, live in the woods, continue doing sacrifices in a simpler manner (without community)

The 4 Stages of Life in Hinduism

Answer 17

Forest dweller

Question 18

4: (wanderer/renunciant): no longer associated with a place in the world. detachment from worldly egotistical self, preparing for death. you wonder, no home to stay at.

The 4 Stages of Life in Hinduism

Answer 18

Sanyasin

Question 19

The oldest hindu scriptures. consists of lyrics, hymns, and philosophical texts.
Rig, Sama, Yajur, Atharva, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Upanishads

Answer 19

Vedas

Question 20

“hymn” in Sanskrit, lyrics to be chanted during the Yajna

Vedas

Answer 20

Rig

Question 21

“sound” in Sanskrit, manner in which you need to recite the lyrics in the Rig (e.g. high or low?)

Vedas

Answer 21

Sama

Question 22

Similar to spell books, the different types of rituals create different effects (cosmic). They effect the reality of the world

Vedas

Answer 22

Yajur and Atharva

Question 23

How the rituals are a symbol of what takes place in the heavens, they echo what is taking place in heaven

Vedas

Answer 23

Brahumanas

Question 24

Talks about how the real sacrifice is YOU! teaches you to detach yourself from your ego so that you may achieve Moksha

Vedas

Answer 24

Upanishads

Question 25

In hinduism, refers to the "eternal" duty that we all have to follow, the rule by which things function; conception of truth reveals itself repeatedly throughout time | "Perennial" (repeatedly)

Answer 25

Santana Dharma

Question 26

The social divisions in Hinduism as a result of the division of the Purusa. You cannot move up or down from them.

Answer 26

Castes

Question 27

Top: Comes from the "mouth", priests/authority --> "speak" and communicate the truth of the Vedas | Caste

Answer 27

Brahmins

Question 28

2nd: Comes from the "arms", police, military, warriors; represent the power of society | Caste

Answer 28

Kashatriyas

Question 29

3rd: Comes from the "thighs", the "people"/"professionals" of society, engaged in daily economic activities that hold up society (e.g. carpenters, merchants, farmers) | Caste

Answer 29

Vishas

Question 30

Bottom: Comes from the "feet", they do the hard, laborious work of society (e.g. digging dirt, cremate dead bodies). deals with tasks of society that are considered "impure" | Caste

Answer 30

Shudras

Question 31

Sacred text. The "three baskets" in Buddhism, the scriptures and core teachings of the buddha. 1st section: history 2nd section: commands/rules needed to follo 3rd section: philosophical teachings Meant to be learned then let go

Answer 31

Tripitaka

Question 32

the way of life that the buddha leads, avoiding self concern and extremes and aims to achieve enlightenment

Answer 32

The middle way

Question 33

"dependent origination"; the concept in buddhism that nothing in the world is real - it's an illusion that is always dependent on something else

Answer 33

Pratityasamputpada

Question 34

fiction of language, the concept that we become accustomed to believing the illusion of a substantial reality

Answer 34

Prapancha

Question 35

a concept in buddhism that we are constantly clinging to the world, and this clinging brings upon suffering. if we let the clinging go, the suffering will go too

Answer 35

Tanha

Question 36

the essential doctrine in Buddhism: 1) There is suffering 2) Suffering has a cause 3) Because suffering has a cause, it can be UN-caused 4) The way to un-cause the suffering is to follow the eightfold path

Answer 36

Four noble truths

Question 37

The essential "way" to achieve Nirvana | 8 steps, Buddhism

Answer 37

Eight fold path

Question 38

1: You want to end the suffering, and you have to do it in the right way | 8 fold path, Wisdom

Answer 38

Right intentions

Question 39

2: understanding that there is suffering, BUT it's not forever and there's a way out of it | 8 fold path, Wisdom

Answer 39

Right understanding

Question 40

3: Speak the truth, be objective. Lying is the opposite. All that matters is what's real, the ego is not real | 8 fold path, Moral discipline

Answer 40

Right speech

Question 41

4: Don't kill. We kill to preserve the ego, which is not real. | 8 fold path, Moral discipline

Answer 41

Right action

Question 42

5: support ourselves financially in a way that doesn't harm others. Don't involve yourself in something with negative karma, the round of pain. | 8 fold path, Moral discipline

Answer 42

Right livelihood

Question 43

6: pay constant attention to achieving nirvana, don't be hypocritical | 8 fold path, Mental discipline

Answer 43

Right effort

Question 44

7: Control the theatre of our mind. Slow down your thoughts and movements so we can see what's there. Slow pacing | 8 fold path, Mental discipline

Answer 44

Right mindfulness

Question 45

8: Concentrate on the things that are conducive to the awareness of nirvana. Go to a park, forest, away from distractions | 8 fold path, Mental discipline

Answer 45

Right concentration

Question 46

"useful means" in buddhism, the methods and strategies used to help achieve Nirvana

Answer 46

Upaya

Question 47

the "void" in buddhism, "no thing" is limited. the concept of being beyond all limits and in a state of emptiness

Answer 47

Shunyata

Question 48

"to blow out", the supreme reality in buddhism. detachment of concern for the ego, rejection of: - objective rejection of the limited objects in the world - subjective rejection of the ego

Answer 48

Nirvana

Question 49

The cycle of life and rebirth driven by karma in BORH hinduism and buddhism. the ultimate goal is to escape this cycle. Wondering on and on.

Answer 49

Samsara

Question 50

the concept of suffering in buddhism (first noble truth)

Answer 50

Dukkha

Question 51

Paradoxical anecdotes or questions used in Zen Buddhism to provoke deep thought and insight beyond rational understanding

Answer 51

Zan koan