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Mental Health/Psych > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Mental Health vs Mental Illness

A

Mental Health: state of well-being
Mental Illness: health condition affecting area of life

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2
Q

Therapeutic vs Nontherapeutic communication

A

Therapeutic: active listening, restate, questions, basically showing concern and care for the patient

Non Therapeutic: Interupting, ignoring, assumptions, basically not being respectful or caring

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3
Q

Strategies for establishing therapeutic relationships

A

active listening, restating, clarification, suggestion, focusing, questions

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4
Q

Milieu Therapy

A

using things in surrounding or environment to help treat, including things in your day to day life to help

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5
Q

What are DSM-5

A

includes categories that classify aspects of mental health like depression, bipolar, schizophrenia, substance use, etc

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6
Q

What are Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and priority

A

Top:
Self actualization
Self-esteem
love and belonging
safety and security
physiological needs

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7
Q

What treatment team member helps with housing for the homeless?

A

Social Worker

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8
Q

Capacity vs Competency

A

Capacity: patient’s ability to make healthcare decisions and determined by the provider
Competency: legal term to describe if patient can make global decisions about care and decided by judge

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9
Q

Why do antidepressants work for some but not others?

A

depends on genes, dose, background, history, tolerance towards drug

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10
Q

Cultural competence

A

includes awareness, knowledge, skills, encounters, decision all surrounding patients culture

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11
Q

Least restricitve restraint alternatives

A

deesclation, reassess meds, toileting, check on patient, use bed/chair arms, use family, problem solving, cater to patient needs

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12
Q

Documentation for restraints

A

clinical justification, type, criteria for discontinuing, continuously monitored

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13
Q

Bipolar Symptoms

A

DIGFAST
distractibility
impulsivity
grandiosity
flight of ideas
activity increases
sleep deficit
talkativeness

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14
Q

Major depression symptoms

A

more than 2 weeks with symptoms most of day
DSIGECAPS
Depression mood
Sleep increases or decreases
Intrest in activities decrease
guilt
energy decreases
concentration decreases
appetite increases or decreases
psychomotor dysfunction
suicidal ideation

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15
Q

differences between MDD and grief

A

MDD always sad not tied to certain things
Grief has ups and downs and tied to certain thought/ loss

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16
Q

Depression association with psychosis

A

Delusions and halluciantions can reflect patient mood which is bad due to depression and then can make depression worse

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17
Q

Bipolar 1 and 2

A

Bipolar 1: manic that lasts at least 7 days and life changing
Bipolar 2: hypomania, is less severe that last a few days at most and not life changing

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18
Q

Hypo and Normal mania

A

Hypomania: few days no as sevre
Mania: weeks and life-changing

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19
Q

Mania Presentation

A

DIGFAST
Distractibility
Impulsivity
Grandiosity
Flight of ideas
Activity increases
Sleep deficit
Talkativeness

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20
Q

Nonpharmacologic and Noninvasive depression treatment

A

sleep, light therapy, nutrition, exercise, therapy, relaxation, religion, support, different types of therapy

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21
Q

what is ECT

A

electroconvulsive therapy: electric conduction through skull to help brain and calm depression symptoms, very invasive, seizures, not very effective

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22
Q

Focus for acute manic patients

A

Safety, exercise, redirection, eating, bathroom

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23
Q

Which antidepressant is most lethal in OD

A

Tricylci is most dangerous and can cause arrhythmias, seizures, coma and death

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24
Q

Symptoms of serotonin syndrome

A

SHIVERS
Shivring
Hyperflexia and myoclono
Increased temperature
Vital signs instability
Encepatholy
Restlessness
Swearing

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25
Treatment for serotonin syndrome and long-term effects if untreated
give benzodiazepines short term, give cyproheptadine med-term give entrolol or nitroperusis long term untreated effects are muscle rigidity, delirium, hypertension, hyperthermia
26
What antidepressant requires the patient to avoid foods
MAO: avoid tyrine food, meat, red wine, aged cheese, avocado, beans, soy sauce
27
What antidepressant is contradicted in the history of seizures
Selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake in inhibitors
28
Which antidepressant needs close monitoring of BP
Selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
29
Lithium therapeutic range
900-2400 mg a day in 2-4 doses in pill form
30
Lithium action
mood stablizer, reduce suicidal ideation, 5-7 days o work and peak at up to 3 weeks
31
Lithium adverse reactions
arrythmias, rash, renal impairment, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, GI effects, neurologic effects Toxicity: seizures, coma, death, tremors, CNS problems, GI problems
32
What to say to client that wants to die
Therapeutic communciation, ask questions, dont leave alone, give meds or treatment
33
What herbal remedies can be given for depression
St john wort, ashwagandha, chamomile
34
Priority for happy depressed client
safety, protection, therapy, happy can be sign of suicide plan and intent
35
Priority for MDD client that doesnt do therapy
Medication, sleep, reading, ADL, diet, etc
36
Risk factors for suicide/ protective factors
Genetic, biology, age (18-25), environment, traumatic life events, psychology Give therapy, med, adl
37
Non suicidal self injury and example
self inflicted harm to feel something or cope but not wanting to die Cutting, burning, scratching, hitting, etc
38
DSM5 criteria and etiology for schizophrenia
2 or more symptoms for a month Hallucinations (AVH), delusions, disorganized speech/ thought, negative symptoms social problems
39
Positive vs Negative Symptoms
Positive: add to life, AVH, delusions, disorganized Negative: take away from ones life \, social withdrawal, alopecia (hair loss), blunted effects, avolition (lack of motivation), alogia (reduced speech)
40
What is EPS and what symptoms
Dystonia: cramping and muscle spams, eye twitching Pseudoparkisoms: shuffling gait, muscle rigidity, masked faces Tardive dyskinesia: involuntary movements, tongue, legs, arms, face Akathisia: restless, fidgeting, shaking
41
Non pharmacologic interventions for schizophrenia
Therapy, support, ADL, education
42
1st vs 2nd gen antipsychotics
1st gen (Halodol): block b2 receptos, reduce positive symptoms, only affect dopamine, side effects increased EPS 2nd gen (respridone): block b2 and 5htra receptors, reduce positive and negative symptoms, affect dopamine and serotonin, risk of weight gain and diabetes
43
What gen of antipsychotic is preferred
2nd, less bad side effects and better treatment
44
What are antipsychotics for
decrease psychosis symptoms, alter levels of neurotransmitters in brain and decrease suicide symptoms
45
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
days to weeks, antipsychotics can cause it, symptoms are same as serotonin syndrome: diaphoresis, tachycardia, hypertension, rigidity Normal GI and pupils kidney problems stop antipsychotic and IV drugs
46
Metabolic syndrome
side effects of antipsychotic drugs, obesity, hypertension, elevated triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, insulin resistant, diabetes
47
Labs to monitor while on antipsychotics
CBC monitoring (decrease in WBC), BMI, weight, BP, lipid levels, glucose levels
48
What should a nurse do during hallucinations
be therapeutic, reassure, safety, ask questions, don't judge or challenge, say what you see
49
Different types of delusion
Grandiose: inflated self-worth, powerful, wealthy, ruler, etc Persecutory: someone is watching them, out to get them Control: someone else controls what they say or do, they are forced Thought insertion: they are not themselves, someone else is them
50
DSM5 for Substance Use Disorder
4 areas Impaired control, social problems, risky use, physical dependence
51
Predisposing Factors for SUD
Biological: genetics, fewer d2 receptors, ADHD, depression psychological: personality, impulsivity, aggression, age of use, sensation Environmental: exposure to stressors, hx of abuse, peer pressure, imitation
52
Wernicke- Korsakoff Syndrome (Wet brain)
caused by thiamine defiencey (Vitamin b1) which converts glucose to energy Wernicke Encepenopathy: acute, confusion, loss of muscle coordination, eye muscle paralysis Korsakoff Psychosis: chronic, memory impairment, difficulty learning
53
Wernicke-Kosakoff Syndrome Treatment
Stop drinking, good nutrition with vitamin B1, manage electrolytes/hydration, give folic acid, give benzodiazepines
54
Symptoms of alcohol intoxication
confusion, vomiting, seizure, slow HR/RR, dulled response, difficult breathing
55
Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal
Gi upset, tremors, seizures, AVH, insomnia, increased heart rate and bp, craving
56
Opioid Toxicity symptoms
shallow breathing, confusion, loss of LOC, seizure
57
Opioid OD treatment
give naloxone, respiratory support
58
Systemic effects of Alcohol on the body
Liver damage, heart problems, cancer, neurologic issues
59
What are delirium tremors
30-120 hours after last drink Shaking, vomiting, increased HR/BP/Temp, sweating peaks at 24-48 hours
60
Nonpharmacologic treatment for SUD
therapy, support groups (AA), family help, ADL, sponsor
61
What class of med is used for acute alcohol withdrawal
benzodiazepines, depressant drugs, but also just wait and time
62
Misconceptions of clients with SUD
brain-based disorder, not helpless, treat with respect, not bad people
63
Why is it important to recognize early signs of SUD
Get treatment, help, education, lessen long-term effects
64
Manifestations of non-substance abuse disorder (like gambling)
restlessness, cant quit, lying about use, seeking financial help, losing relationships, use to relieve stress

Mental Health/Psych (2 decks)

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