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Living Anatomy II > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Washboard belly muscles/sit up muscle

A

Rectus Abdominus

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1
Q

Rectus Abdominus

A

O: Pubic crest, pubic symphysis
I: Cartilage of 5th, 6th & 7th ribs & xiphoid process

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2
Q

Rectus Abdominus actions

A

Flex the vertebral column (flex the trunk)

Tilt pelvis posteriorly

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3
Q

Which obliques have a fiber direction which is “V” shaped?

A

External obliques

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4
Q

Which ribs are considered “true” ribs?

A

Ribs 1-7

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5
Q

Which ribs are considered “false” ribs?

A

Ribs 8-10

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6
Q

Which ribs are considered “floating” ribs?

A

Ribs 11 & 12

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7
Q

Which of the 4 abdominal muscles does NOT insert into the Abdominal aponeurosis?

A

Rectus Abdominus

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8
Q

What do the terms “chondro” & “costal” refer too?

A

Cartilage & Bone

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9
Q
  1. ) Chondrosternal
  2. ) Costochondral
  3. ) Costotransverse
  4. ) Costovertebral
A
  1. ) cartilage to sternum
  2. ) bone to cartilage
  3. ) rib to TP
  4. ) rib to vertebral body
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10
Q

Which of the abdominal muscles is the deepest?

A

Transverse Abdominis

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11
Q

How many CUN is the rectus abdominus?

A

4 cun

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12
Q

Which group of vertebrae are the least mobile?

A

Lumbar

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13
Q

External Oblique

A

O: External surfaces of ribs 5-12 (lower 8 ribs)
I: Anterior 1/2 of the external iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis

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14
Q

Internal Obliques

A

O: Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, and thoracolumbar fascia
I: Internal surface of ribs 10-12 (lower 3 ribs), abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

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15
Q

Transversus Abdominus

A

O: Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, and internal surface of lower 6 ribs
I: Abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

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16
Q

Quadratus Lumborum

A

O: Posterior iliac crest
I: Last rib and TP of L1-L4

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17
Q

What 3 bones make up the sternum?

A

Manubrium, Sternum & Xyphoid

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18
Q

What are the 3 bones of the pelvis?

A

Illium
Pubic Bone
Ischium

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19
Q

Name the 4 muscles of the abdominal corset?

A

Rectus Abdominus
External Oblique
Internal Oblique
Transversus Abdominus

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20
Q

Costochondral joints

A

Bone & Cartilage

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21
Q

What fascial structure runs up the midline on the abdomen?

A

Linea Alba

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22
Q

Diaphragm

**Primary muscle of respiration

A

O: Dorsal aspect of xyphoid process, internal surfaces of lower 6 ribs, L1-2 or L3
I: Central tendon (located just anterior to the surface of the dome)

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23
Q

External Intercostals

A

O: Inferior border of the rib above
I: Superior border of the rib below
** Small, slender muscles between the ribs
** Assists with inspiration

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24
Internal Intercostals
O: Superior border of rib above I: Inferior border of rib below ** Assists with exhalation (drawing the ribs inferiorly)
25
Serratus Posterior Superior
O: SP of C7-T3 I: Posterior surface of ribs 2-5
26
Serratus Posterior Inferior
O: SP of T12-L3 I: Posterior surface of ribs 9-12
27
Psoas Major
O: Bodie and TP of L1-5 I: Lesser Trochanter of the femur (posterior aspect)
28
Psoas Minor
O: Body & TP of L1 I: Superior ramus of pubis **~40% of the population has psoas minor
29
Illiacus
O: Internal iliac fossa I: Lesser trochanter of the femur
30
3 structures which pass through the diaphragm?
Aorta Inferior Vena Cava Espophagus
31
What uses 88 joints & 46 muscles?
Breathing
32
Secondary muscles of inspiration?
Scalenes, pectoralis minor, SCM, pectoralis major (fixes arms), serratus anterior (fixes scap.), serratus posterior superior
33
Secondary muscles of expirations?
Transverse Abdominus, Internal Obliques, External Obliques, Rectus Abdominus, Serratus Posterior Inferior
34
During inspiration what expands anteriorly (like a pump handle) and what flares out laterally (like a bucket handle being lifted up & out)?
Sternum & upper ribs | Lower ribs
35
"Iliopsoas"?
Psoas Major & Iliacus
36
3 bodily functions that compression of the abdomen can assist in?
``` Defication Urination Emesis (vomiting) Parturition (giving birth) Forced expiration ```
37
What hip movements do the iliacus & psoas muscles perform?
Flex the hip | lateral rotation of hip
38
Common insertion for both iliacus & psoas?
Lesser trochanter of the femur | **Psoas is the posterior aspect**
39
In unilateral flexion does the psoas rotate the lumbar spine contra or ipsilaterally?
Ipsilaterally
40
Axillary Skeleton?
Skull, hynoid, spine, ribs & sternum, sacrum & coccyx | 80 bones
41
Appendicular Skeleton?
Shoulder girdle, bones of upper limb, bones of lower limb, pelvic girdle (126 bones)
42
Pelvic Girdle? | Joints?
Illium, Pubic Bone, Ischium plus Sacrum & Coccyx | Sacroiliac (SI) & Coxal (Hip)
43
Ligaments of Pelvis?
``` Inguinal (ASIS to pubic tubercle) Sacrotuberus Iliolumbar Sacroiliac Sacrospinous **Also Obturator Membrane ```
44
Ilium BLM?
``` ASIS (Anterior Superior Iliac Spine) AIIS (Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine) PSIS (Posterior Superior Iliac Spine) PIIS (Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine) Iliac Crest Wing of the Ilium ```
45
Ischium BLM?
Ischial Tuberosity Ischial Spine (btw greater & lesser sciatic notches) Lesser Sciatic
46
Pubic bones & pubic symphysis BLM?
Pubic Tubercle Pubic Symphysis Pubic Rami (inferior & superior)
47
What 2 bones form the Obturator?
Ischium & Pubis
48
BLM of the Femur?
Gluteal Tuberosity & Lesser Trochanter
49
BLM of Sacrum& Coccyx?
Sacral: Median Crest (SP's) - -> Base Coccyx - -> Apex - -> Hiatus - -> Foramina
50
Femur BLM's? (Posterior View)
Head, Neck, Greater Trochanter, Lesser Trochanter, Shaft, Intertrochanteric notch Linea Aspera, Gluteal Tuberosity
51
What ligament is to deep to palpate?
Sacrospinous
52
Which ligament lies over the sacral foreman?
Obturator Membrane
53
Where is the spine of the Ischium?
Between the greater and lesser sciatic notch
54
How do you palpate the sacrotuberous ligament?
Find the ischiatic tuberosity and then palpate medially towards the coccyx
55
Where is the sacral hiatus?
Superior to the coccyx
56
Which ones is the obturator anchored too?
Ischium & pubis
57
Which bone in the arm does the femur resemble?
Humerus
58
Which epicondyle of the femur is larger?
Medial
59
Inguinal Ligament
ASIS & pubic tubercle
60
Sacrotuberus Ligament * superficial * anchors the sacrum
Connects the posterolateral sacrum with the ischial tuberosity
61
Iliolumbar Ligament
Connects the inside portion of the PSIS area with TP of L5
62
Sacroiliac Ligament | **together with Sacrotuberus ligament, the STRONGEST ligaments in the body
Hold the sacrum and iliac together | **there are 3 sections: posterior, anterior & interosseus
63
Sacrospinous
Deep to the sacrotuberous ligment
64
Obturator Membrane
Anchored to the ischium & pubic rami This membrane almost completely covers the obturator foramen Helps stabilize the pelvis and services as an attachment for the Obturator Internus muscle
65
Gluteus Maximus | **Chief extensor of hip (forceful extension like running)
O: Posterior iliac crest, dorsal surface,of sacrum & coccyx, sacrtotuberous & sacroiliac ligaments I: IT (Iliotibial)Band, gluteal tuberosity
66
Gluteus Medius | **Similar to the Deltoid muscle, stabilizes during walking
O: Lateral gluteal surface of the ilium (btwn superior & anterior gluteal lines) I: Greater trochanter (lateral superior aspect)
67
Gluteus Minimus | **Deep to the Gluteus Medius, best medial hip rotator, strong aBductor
O: Lateral gluteal surface of the ilium (btwn anterior & inferior gluteal lines) I: Greater trochanter anterior border
68
Tensor Fascia Lata | ** Bothe this muscle and the Gluteus Maximus use IT band as an anchor
O: Iliac crest (lateral/posterior to ASIS) I: IT Band
69
IT Band? (Iliotibial band)
Insertion site for Gliteus Maximus & Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL) Tight band of fascia (thickening of the fascia lata) Extends from the Ilium to the tibia Acts as a shock absorber for the body
70
Trendelenburg sign | **Leaning
When then gluteus medius is paralyzed or weak, the body will fall to the opposite side during weight bearing phase of walking or when standing on one leg
71
6 deep external Hip Rotators?
Piriformis Gemellus Superior & Inferior Obturator Internus & Externus Quadratus Femoris
72
Obturator Externus is deep to?
Gemellus Inferior & Quadratus Femoris
73
Piriformis?
O: Anterior border of the sacrum I: Greater Trochanter (Superior Aspect)
74
Quadratus Femoris? | **Palpation: find ischial tuberosity (sits bone) and move lateral and slightly superior
O: Ischial tuberosity (lateral border) I: Intertrochanteric crest, between greater & lesser trochanters
75
Gemelli? (Superior & Inferior) | **Between these is Obturator Internus
O: Ischium I: Posterior medial aspect of the greater trochanter
76
Obtruator Externus & Internus?
O: Bone around Obturator Foramen I: Posterior medial aspect of greater trochanter
77
Piriformis Syndrome?
Clinical syndrome involving compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle **Only lateral rotator which is not deep to the sciatic nerve
78
Which Obturator is hidden (anteriorly)?
Obturator Externus
79
Which Obturator is sandwiched between 2 gemelli?
Obturator Internus

Living Anatomy II (3 decks)

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