Exam 1 Flashcards
(49 cards)
Animal Breeding
Discipline in animal science that utilizes the principles of genetics and statistics with the goal of improvement of animals.
Animal Breeding
Science that helps in the quest to breed better animals.
What is a long strand of DNA in the nucleus of a cell
Chromosomes
What is a specific place on a chromosome occupied by a gene
Locus
The basic unit of inheritance
Gene
An alternative form of a gene
Allele
A genetic composition of an individual
Genotype
Physical expression of a genotype
Phenotype
An individual possessing two different alleles at a locus
Homozygote
BB
Homozygote dominant
Bb
Heterozygote
bb
Homozygote recessive
Segregation occurs when gametes are formed at meiosis and each gamete gets only one of the pair of genes at a locus
Segregation and recombination
Recombination occurs when the gametes, which are discrete units, recombine at fertilization
Independent assortment
Factors appear in pairs and a random member of the pair is passed from parent to progeny
Law of Segregation
One factor is capable of masking the presence of the second factor in the expression of a phenotype
A dominant gene
A factor being masked is called what?
Recessive
A strain in which animals of like phenotypes perpetuate those phenotypes in their progeny
Pure breeding strain
What generation is always heterozygous
F-1
Pure breed strains are
homozygus
A progeny resulting from the mating of different pure breeding strains
Hybrid
Mating F-1 animals back to an animal of one or the other of the pure breeding strains used to create the F-1 animals
Backcross
Among themselves
Inter se
A cross involving one parent showing the dominant phenotype and one parent completely recessive
Test cross
