Exam 1 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Anatomy is___
a. The study of plants
b. The study of rocks
c. The study of the structures of the body parts and their relationship to one another.
d. The study of developmental changes before birth.
c. The study of the structures of the body parts and their relationship to one another.
Anatomy often involves examining the physical structure, while physiology focuses on how these structures work together to maintain life.
What are the 6 levels of organization in the human body?
The 6 levels of organization are:
* Chemical
* Cellular
* Tissue
* Organ
* Organ system
* Organism.
Each level builds upon the previous one, from the smallest chemical components to the complete organism.
List the important life processes in the human body.
The important life processes include:
* Metabolism
* Responsiveness
* Movement
* Growth
* Differentiation
* Reproduction.
These processes are essential for maintaining homeostasis and supporting life.
Describe the anatomical position.
The anatomical position is characterized by the body standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward.
This standard position provides a clear reference for anatomical terminology.
What are the directional terms used to describe the human body?
Directional terms include:
* Superior
* Inferior
* Anterior
* Posterior
* Medial
* Lateral
* Proximal
* Distal.
These terms help in accurately describing the locations of body parts relative to each other.
This direction refers to something toward the front of the body or in front of. ie The nose is _______to the ears.
a. anterior
b. posterior
c. contralateral
d. deep
a. anterior
These hollow tubules made of tubulin radiate from the cell centrosome and determine cell shape & organelle position. They are found in cilia and flagella.
a. Microfilaments
b. Vimentin
c. Microtubules
d. Actin
c. Microtubules
This organelle is called the powerhouse of the cell and is the main site for energy production. It is also the organelle with a form of DNA that you can only get from your Mother.
a. rough ER
b. smooth ER
c. Lysosomes
d. Mitochondria
d. Mitochondria
The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called _____
a. osmosis
b. conjugation
c. active transport
d. vesicular transport
a. osmosis
This plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts
a. Frontal
b. Transverse
c. Coronal
d. Midsagittal
b. Transverse
This direction refers to something away from the midline of the body. ie The lungs are ____to the heart.
a. medial
b. distal
c. inferior
d. lateral
d. lateral
With the human body erect with the feet slightly separated and the extended hands facing palms forward is referred to as________
a. trendelenburg position
b. anatomic position
c. prone position
d. supine position
b. anatomic position
The maintenance of the internal conditions despite environmental changes aka dynamic equilibrium is called___
a. osmosis
b. mitosis
c. homeostasis
d. meiosis
c. homeostasis
The study of the cells of the body is called___
a. Histology
b. Cytology
c. Embryology
d. Physiology
b. Cytology
This type of junction is seen in the heart and allows for a unified contraction of the cardiac muscle.
a. gap junction
b. tight junction
c. desmosomal junction
d. adherens junction
a. gap junction
This type of gland is ductless and makes secretions directly into the bloodstream.
a. holocrine
b. apocrine
c. exocrine
d. endocrine
d. endocrine
The picture below is an image of what type of electrically excitable tissue ? _____
a. hyaline cartilage
b. nervous tissue
c. adipose tissue
d. osseous tissue
b. nervous tissue
The 3 types of muscle tissue are________
a. endocrine, exocrine, apocrine
b. transverse, longitudinal, circular
c. cardiac, smooth, skeletal
d. cuboidal, squamous, columnar
c. cardiac, smooth, skeletal
This bone cell is responsible for bone breakdown and resorption of minerals like calcium. It is derived from a monocyte and is actually a multinucleated macrophage.
a. osteoblast
b. osteoclast
c. osteocyte
d. osteon
b. osteoclast
This type of ossification forms most bones in the body which are mostly long bones and replaces cartilage with bone.
a. intramembranous
b. pseudostratified
c. transitional
d. endochondral
d. endochrondral
Adipose tissue shown in the image below is a fancy term for what type of cells?
a. fat
b. glands
c. bone
d. collagen
a. fat
This type of fracture is defined as one where both the skin and bone are damaged___
a. closed fracture
b. comminuted fracture
c. open fracture
d. greenstick fracture
c. open fracture
This tissue is best characterized as a hard matrix of calcium salts and a large number of collagen fibers
a. muscular tissue
b. osseous tissue
c. epithelial tissue
c. glandular tissue
b. osseous tissue
The ___ is the outer covering of the human body
a. adipose
b. CRISPR
c. basement membrane
d. integument
d. integument
