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Astronomy > Exam 1 & 2 Questions > Flashcards

Exam 1 & 2 Questions Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

The lunar mare are found

A

mainly on the near side.

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2
Q

What is the name of the temperature scale that places zero at the point where all atomic and molecular motion ceases?

A

Kelvin

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3
Q

Which of these was NOT seen telescopically by Galileo?

A

stellar parallax

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4
Q

At the solstices, the Sun’s declination will be 23.5 degrees from the equator.

A

true

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5
Q

Which of these is the same for all forms of electromagnetic (E-M) radiation in a vacuum?

A

speed

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6
Q

The synodic month is

A

29.5 days.

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7
Q

If the distance between two asteroids is doubled, the gravitational force they exert on each other will

A

be one-fourth as great.

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8
Q

The most energetic photons are

A

gamma rays

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9
Q

Which of these theories seems to best explain the Moon’s origin?

A

impact theory

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10
Q

The average rate of erosion on the Moon is far less than on Earth because

A

the Moon lacks wind, water, and an atmosphere.

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11
Q

The Moon and the crustal rocks of Earth are similar in density.

A

true

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12
Q

The oldest rocks found on the Earth’s surface date back about ________ billion years.

A

four

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13
Q

What is true of the Moon’s orbital and rotational periods?

A

they are equal

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14
Q

When the Moon is directly opposite the Sun in the sky, its phase is

A

full

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15
Q

A solar eclipse can only happen during a

A

new moon

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16
Q

All the terrestrial planets lie inside the asteroid belt.

A

true

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17
Q

The shorter a wave’s wavelength, the greater its energy.

A

true

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18
Q

There is no evidence for plate tectonics on the Moon today.

A

true

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19
Q

In the Doppler effect, a redshift of spectral lines shows us the source is receding from us.

A

true

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20
Q

Radio waves, visible light, and X-rays are all types of electromagnetic radiation.

A

true

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21
Q

The mean distance between the Earth and Sun is called

A

the astronomical unit.

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22
Q

In the past, most of the landmass on Earth was concentrated in a single, large continent.

A

true

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23
Q

The lunar mare are younger than any of the craters that sit in them.

A

false

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24
Q

________ has the largest gravitational pull on Earth.

A

the sun

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25
The Moon's surface gravity is only half the Earth's.
false
26
Due to their great masses, all four jovian worlds are much denser than the Earth.
false
27
Kepler's first law worked, where Copernicus' original heliocentric model failed, because Kepler described the orbits as
elliptical, not circular.
28
In the scientific method, it is not necessary to test your theory.
false
29
The fact that the Earth has moved along its orbit in the time it took to rotate once is the reason for
the difference between solar and sidereal time.
30
A blue star has a higher surface temperature than a red star.
true
31
The critical part of the atmosphere for protecting life on the ground from excessive ultraviolet radiation is the
ozone layer
32
If the Moon rises at sunset, then its phase must be
full
33
The presence of a magnetic field is a good indication that
the Earth has a liquid metal outer core, spinning rapidly as it rotates.
34
Earth's magnetic field
the Earth has a liquid metal outer core, spinning rapidly as it rotates
35
Earth's magnetic field
prevents charged particles in the solar wind from reaching the surface.
36
What are constellations?
groups of stars making an apparent pattern in the celestial sphere
37
The force of gravity varies with the
product of the two masses inverse square of the distance separating the two bodies
38
When a planet's orbit takes it closest to the Sun, it's called
perihelion
39
According to Kepler's third law, if you know the planet's orbital period, you can find its average distance from the Sun.
true
40
The time for the Moon to orbit Earth, relative to the stars is
27.3 days.
41
The three most abundant gases in our atmosphere are nitrogen, oxygen, and argon.
true
42
Pluto is now classified as a ________ in our solar system.
dwarf planet
43
The ________ explains how our solar system probably formed from a giant cloud of gases and dispersed solid particles.
nebular hypothesis
44
Sunspots appear dark because they are cooler than the surrounding solar surface.
true
45
Which one of the following is not found on Mars?
H2O-rich atmosphere
46
Vast, circular to elliptical dark-colored areas on the moon called maria represent ________.
very large impact craters filled with basaltic lava
47
The four largest moons of Jupiter are comets and asteroids captured by the intense gravity of Jupiter.
false
48
The atmosphere of Mars is less dense than Earth's, but dust storms and sand dunes indicate wind action occurs on Mars.
true
49
The outermost layer of the Sun is called the ________.
corona
50
The frequency of sunspots and related solar activity is ________.
an 11 year cycle
51
The most popular theory for the origin of the moon today is ________.
the early Earth and a planet the size of Mars collided, and the ejected material coalesced to form the earth's moon.
52
A comet is visible because ________.
it is a small object, but it ejects gas and dust that at is dispersed by the solar wind to form a tail thousands of km long
53
Jupiter is the largest and most massive planet in the solar system.
true
54
The Sun produces energy by converting ________.
hydrogen nuclei to helium nuclei
55
Most of the Moon's craters were produced by ________.
the impact of meteoroids
56
The layer of the solar atmosphere directly above the photosphere is referred to as the ________.
chromosphere
57
________ meteorites are thought to be analogous in composition to Earth's core.
iron
58
________ are found both on Mars and Earth.
Erosional features related to flowing water
59
________ are small, extraterrestrial particles that glow brightly and burn up as they travel through Earth's atmosphere.
meteroroids
60
Several of the moons of Saturn, Uranus and Neptune display evidence of volcanic activity. What is the most common type of volcano on these moons?
ice volcanos
61
Saturn is famous for its rings. Which of the following Jovian planets does not have rings?
all of the Jovian planets have rings
62
The high surface temperatures of ________ have been attributed to the greenhouse effect.
Venus
63
Most of the mass in the solar system is contained ________.
in the sun
64
The most conspicuous features on the surface of the Sun are dark areas called ________.
sunspots
65
________ refers to the bright head of a comet.
coma
66
The layer of the Sun that radiates most of the light that reaches Earth is called the ________.
photosphere
67
The largest known volcano in the solar system is ________.
Olympus Mons on Mars
68
If you live at high latitude, when do you expect to see the aurora?
at times of high sunspot activity, during the active sun
69
What moon in the outer solar system is most "earthlike" in terms of landforms, and possesses liquids (liquid methane not water) flowing across the surface?
titan
70
Which planet rotates the opposite direction it revolves around the sun?
Venus
71
The source of the Sun's energy is ________.
nuclear fusion
72
________ is the principal gas in the Venusian atmosphere and also a minor component of the atmospheres of Earth and Mars.
carbon dioxide
73
The planet with the highest density is a terrestrial planet.
true
74
Streams of protons and electrons emitted from the Sun produce ________.
the solar wind
75
The Sun is considered an "average star."
true
76
Which planet has the highest recorded winds in the solar system?
Neptune
77
The very large, lava-covered areas of the Moon are called maria.
true

Astronomy (4 decks)

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