Exam 1 (21-40)

Question 1

Identify the main function of carbohydrates in the body
A. act as genetic material
B. provide structural support
C. serves a layer of insultation
D. function as short-term energy source

Answer 1

D. function as short-term energy source

Question 2

How are fats, phospholipids and steroids alike?
A. they are all solid at room temperature
B. they each contain a polar phosphate group.
C. they each contain only fatty acid
D. they do not dissolve in water
E. they all contain at least one carbon ring.

Answer 2

D. they do not dissolve in water

Question 3

The sides of the DNA ladder (backbone) are
A. alternating carbons and nitrogen’s.
B. the R group
C. The nitrogen base
D. alternating nitrogen’s and phosphates
E. sugar and phosophates

Answer 3

E. sugar and phosphates

Question 4

What structure is considered the energy currency of the body?
A. ATP
B. ADP
C. amino acids
D. polysaccharides

Answer 4

A. ATP

Question 5

The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of the element is called a
A. isotope
B. nucleus
C. atom
D. molecular bond
E. neutrino

Answer 5

C. atom

Question 6

In an electrically neutral atom, the number of protons always equal the number of
A. electrons
B. neutrons
C. neutrons and proton
D. quakers
E. neutrinos

Answer 6

A. electrons

Question 7

Atoms that share electrons have what type of bonds?
A. covalent
B. neutral
C. hydrogen
D. colloidal
E. ionic

Answer 7

A. covalent

Question 8

The monomer unit of a protein is
A. fatty acids
B. amino acids
C. monosaccharides
D. polysaccharides
E. nucleic acids

Answer 8

B. amino acids

Question 9

An alpha helix or beta sheet are examples of what level of protein structure?
A. secondary
B. primary
C. tertiary
D. quaternary
E. octagon

Answer 9

A. secondary

Question 10

The sex hormones belong to which category of lipids?
A. steroids
B. fats
C. phospholipids
D. triglycerides

Answer 10

A. steroids

Question 11

In an experiment in the lab. a small molecule is injected into one cell. Within minutes the molecule has entered the adjacent cells. What type of junction connects these cells?
A. gap junction
B. free junction
C. adhesion junctions
D. tight junction

Answer 11

A. gap junction

Question 12

Which of the following process moves large molecules across a membrane and out of the cell?
A. exocytosis
B. phagocytosis
C. receptor-mediate endocytic
D. endocytic

Answer 12

A. exocytosis

Question 13

The assisted transport of a molecule across the cell membrane without an expenditure of energy is known as what?
A. diffusion
B. facilitated transport
C. active transport
D. osmosis
E. crenation

Answer 13

B. facilitated transport

Question 14

Choose the CORRECT statement about solute concentrations or particles inside and outside the cell.
A. In hypertonic solution, solution, there are more particles inside the cell.
B. In a hypertonic solution, there are more particles outside the cell
C. In an isotonic solution, the amount of water inside and outside the cell is equal

Answer 14

C. In an isotonic solution, the amount of water inside and outside the cell is equal

Question 15

A solution is at equilibrium across the plasma membrane. If 50 molecules were to enter the cell how many molecules would need to exit the cell in order to maintain the equilibrium?
A. 50
B. 75
C. 25
D. 0
E. 100

Answer 15

A. 50

Question 16

In the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane the phospholipid molecules are oriented so that the ___ heads are facing the outside environment and the ___ tails are facing the interior environment of the membrane
A. hydrophobic; hydrophilic
B. hydrophilic; hydrophobic
C. autotrophic; heterotopic
D. heterotopic; autotrophic

Answer 16

B. hydrophilic; hydrophobic

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?
A. synthesizes ATP to power transport of substances into and out of the cell
B. serves a boundary between all eukaryotic cells and their cell wall
C. maintains the shape of plant cell
D. contains the genetic information
E. marks the cell as belonging to a particular individual

Answer 17

E. marks the cell as belonging to a particular individual

Question 18

What is the main function of the ribosomes in the cell?
A. to synthesize proteins
B. serves as a boundary between all eukaryotic cells and their cell wall
C. to break down proteins into individua; amino acids
D. to form the nuclear envelope
E. to provide strength and structural support for the cell membrane

Answer 18

A. to synthesize proteins

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of cytoskeleton?
A. maintain a cells shape
B. processing proteins
C. assemble organelles
D. exocytosis
E. endocytosis

Answer 19

A. maintain a cells shape

Question 20

Which organelles is involved in packaging and shipping cellular materials?
A. nucleus
B. nucleolus
C. mitochondria
D. endoplasmic rectum
E. Golgi apparatus

Answer 20

E. Golgi apparatus