Exam 1 Flashcards
(28 cards)
A male weighing 154 lbs would have about how many quarts of blood?
5 quarts
The principal materials required by a living cell
Sugar Amino acids Vitamins Oxygen Fat Salts Water Hormones
The normal percentage of red bloods cells for males and females
Males 47% +- 5%
Females 42% +- 5%
Individuals living at altitudes 10,000 ft above sea level have as much as _____ more red blood cells than someone at sea level
30%
What are the characteristics of white blood cells
Self propulsion
Larger in size than red blood cells
Posses a nucleus
Contain no hemoglobin
Characteristics of platelets
- Very small
- Irregular in shape
- Form clumps
- Derived from the largest cells of the bone morrow
What is the most important function of the plasma proteins
Maintaining the water balance between the blood and the tissues
Which side of the heart is more powerful
Left
What alters the cardiac output
Stroke volume
Heart rate
What are the factors of controlling blood flow
- work of the heart
- peripheral resistance
- elasticity of the arterial walls
- receptors
- blood viscosity
Nitrogen is necessary in the atmosphere for what reason?
Nitrogen is necessary for its contribution to sea level pressure
What is responsible for mans most serious physiological problems?
The decrease in atmospheric pressure as man ascends in altitude
The distance from an aircraft to the ground directly below is called what?
Altitude above ground level (AGL)
What will someone experience in high altitudes of the physiological zone?
- shortness of breath
- dizziness
- headache
- nausea
Which gas law explains the change to the volume of a balloon when it is taken to altitude?
Boyles law
What factor explains why trapped gas problems in the body are more of a problem at lower altitude than when the body is at much higher altitudes?
The pressure changes at the lower altitudes are much greater
In what physiological zone would a pilot experience trapped gas expansion and hypoxia?
The physiological deficient zone
The sum of partial pressure equals the total pressure defines what gas law?
Dalton’s law
The function if the circulatory system is to use blood to transport what?
- oxygen to the tissues and carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs
- metabolic supplies to the tissues
- remove cellular wastes from the tissues
What are the secondary functions of the circulatory system?
- protection against disease
- nutrition-the carrying of food substances to the tissues
- body heat balance
- regulation
- excretion
Which body fluid contains cells and liquid components?
Blood
What gases make up the atmosphere?
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Other gases such as argon and carbon dioxide
Atmospheric pressure And temp do what as a pilot climbs through the troposphere?
They both decrease
A pilot passes through 1/2 of the earths atmosphere at what altitude?
18,000 feet
