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Jazz Studies > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Blues Notes

A

From African music
“Play in the crack”
Not on the major scale
Flat 3, 5, and 7 notes

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1
Q

Players Art

A

Jazz is improvised, it depends on the player. Never the same

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2
Q

Dissonance

A

Hear the note in the middle

Hear in quarter tones

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3
Q

Quarter Tones

A

Quarter step
In between half step
Not on piano

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4
Q

Syncopation

A

Playing the unexpected

Emphasis on unexpected notes

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5
Q

Vibrato

A

Tremor
Manipulating of pitch
Shaking

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6
Q

Form

A

Play book

Way parts are played

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7
Q

Iambic pentameter

A

Way blues is written

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8
Q

Breaks/Fills

A

In blues
Instrumental answer
Bars 4, 8 and 12

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9
Q

Collective/Simultaneous Imrov

A

Multiple instruments improv at once

Dixieland music

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10
Q

Arrangements

A

Gameplan

Not everyone improvises in big bands

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11
Q

Dixieland Music

A

Recorded 1st Jazz record

Improv in a polyphonic manner

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12
Q

Functional Music

A

How jazz started out

Made for choreographed dancing

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13
Q

Experimental/Chamber Music

A

Not improvised
More of an art form
“Cool jazz”

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14
Q

Sound innovators

A

No two jazz musicians sound the same

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15
Q

Monophonic

A

One sound at a time

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16
Q

Polyphonic

A

Two or more sounds at the same time of equal importance

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17
Q

Homophonic

A

Music built in harmony

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18
Q

Tunnel listening

A

Listening to one specific sound

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19
Q

Free Jazz

A

Polyphonic music

Pure experimentation

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20
Q

Original Rhythm Sessions

A

Originated in marching bands
Made up of:
Banjo, drums, tuba

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21
Q

Contemporary Rhythm session

A

Piano, bass, guitar, drums

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22
Q

Snare drum sounds

A

Typical marching drum

23
Q

Bass

A

Lowest sound

Kick drum

24
Q

Tom-toms

A

Tympanic sound

25
Q

High hat

A

“Chick” sound symbols

26
Q

Arco Bass style

A

Play with bow

27
Q

Pinsacatto Bass style

A

Played with fingers

28
Q

Walking Bass

A

Play note on every beat ascending and descending notes

29
Q

Piano comping

A

Chords played in a syncopated improvised way

30
Q

First instrument

A

Human voice

31
Q

Origin of New Orleans

A

By French in 1718

32
Q

When was the “Great Awakening”?

A

Early 1800’s
Religious movement
Converted slaves to Christianity
Gospels and hymns

33
Q

When was Congo Square?

A

1819

34
Q

When was Mardi Gras?

A

1827

35
Q

When was the Civil War?

A

1861-1865

36
Q

When was the Segregation Act?

A

1894

37
Q

What are Race Records?

A

Early blues recordings

38
Q

What is the Chorus in a Blues song?

A

Instrumental only

39
Q

What is a Verse in a Blues song?

A

When someone sings

40
Q

How is Blues written?

A

Iambic pentameter
Two repeated lines
One “answer”

41
Q

What is Country Blues?

A

When there is a guitar

42
Q

What is City Blues?

A

When a woman sings

43
Q

Big Bill Broomzy, Lightning Hopkins, Blind Lemon Jefferson, Josh White, Led Belly

A

Country/Rural Blues Singers

44
Q

Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith

A

Uran/City Blues

45
Q

Was Billie Holiday a Jazz Singer?

A

Yes. She was not a blues singer

46
Q

Who is Robert Johnson?

A

“King of the Blues”

47
Q

Who is W.C. Handy?

A

Push listed illiterate artists’ blues songs, made sure they got payed
“Father of the Blues”

48
Q

What two countries is jazz a combination of?

A

Africa and Europe

49
Q

What are Creoles of color?

A

Black children born of a white father. Sent to England for schooling. Became first jazz instructors.

50
Q

Who are the Fisk University Singers?

A

First gospel touring group

51
Q

Who is Majehlia Jackson?

A

Gospel Singer

52
Q

What started in Benevolent Societies?

A

Parades

Done for funerals

53
Q

Who was the main arranger of parades?

A

Buddy Bolden

54
Q

What is in the front line of a parade?

A

Horns: trumpet, trombone, clarinet

55
Q

What is in the second line of parades?

A

People that fall behind the band and celebrate the persons life

56
Q

What is Mardi Gras?

A

Starts the day before lent and continues until Ash Wednesday

Religious Holiday

Jazz Studies (4 decks)

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