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Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Hormone regulates gamete production

A

FSH

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2
Q

Steroid of Amino Acid based

A

Hormones

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3
Q

Primary function is to control the rate of body metabolism and cellular oxidation

A

TH

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4
Q

Synthesizes insulin

A

Pancreas

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5
Q

Consists of adenohypophysis & neurohypopysis

A

Pituary Gland

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6
Q

Controlled by sympathetic nervous system/releases non-epi and epi

A

Adrenal Medulla

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7
Q

Regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex portion of the adrenal gland

A

ACTH

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8
Q

Breast development and maintains lactation after child birth

A

Prolactin

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9
Q

Hormone produces in the adrenal cortex that enables body to resist long term stress

A

Glucocorticoid

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10
Q

Gluconeogenesis occurs in the liver due to…

A

Cortisol

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11
Q

All proteins or amino acid based hormones exert effects through..

A

Intracellular Second Messengers

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12
Q

An example of a hormone which releases via positive feedback control mechanism is..

A

Oxytocin

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13
Q

Consists of adenohypophysis(anterior) & neurohypopysis(posterior)

A

Pituary Gland

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14
Q

An example of a hormone which releases via positive feedback control mechanism is..

A

Oxytocin

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15
Q

Prolonged exposure to high hormone concentration causes..

A

Down-regulation

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16
Q

The neurohypophysis (posterior) is not a TRUE endocrine gland because..

A

It is a hormone storage area that receives hormones for release

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17
Q

The neurohypophysis (posterior) is not a TRUE endocrine gland because..

A

It is a hormone storage area that receives hormones for release from hypothalmus

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18
Q

The neurohypophysis (posterior) is not a TRUE endocrine gland because..

A

It is a hormone storage area that receives hormones for release from hypothalmus

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19
Q

Entering the nucleus of a cell and initiating or altering the expression of a gene is called

A

Steroid

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20
Q

Binding to specific receptors and employing services of G-proteins and cAMP is called

A

Second Messenger mechanism of hormone action

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21
Q

Diffuse easily into target cells…

A

Steriod and Thyroid Hormone

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22
Q

Thyroid Hormone is a small iodinated amine that:

A

enters the target cells

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23
Q

Growth Hormone targets..

A

Bone and skeletal muscles

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24
Q

Which organ responsible for synthesizing ANP

A

The heart

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25
Minerocorticoid is to aldosterone as glucocorticoid is to _________.
Cortisol
26
Regulator of electrolyte concentration in extracellular fluid..
Aldosterone
27
Name 3 second messengers..
Cyclic AMP, Cyclic GMP, and Inositol triphosphate
28
Name 3 second messengers..
Cyclic AMP, Cyclic GMP, and Inositol triphosphate
29
An amino acid derivative can be a ___.
hormone
30
When body requires increased levels of a hormone, the DNA target cells synthesize more receptors, this is called:
Up-regulation
31
Thyroid hormone affects what organ:
Liver lover
32
Does thyroxine require a second messenger?
No
33
Does thyroxine require a second messenger?
No
34
Glucocortocoids enable the body to deal with stress, how do they do this?
Increasing blood pressure.....blood glucose, fatty acid and amino acid levels!
35
Glucocortocoids enable the body to deal with stress, how do they do this?
Increasing blood pressure.....blood glucose, fatty acid and amino acid levels!
36
Ion sometimes used as second messenger of amino acid based hormones:
Calcium
37
Ion sometimes used as second messenger of amino acid based hormones:
Calcium
38
Catecholamines and peptide hormones bind to receptors on the surface of cells that compromise target organs. What does this binding cause?
Adenylate cyclase to generate cyclic AMP from ATP
39
Catecholamines and peptide hormones bind to receptors on the surface of cells that compromise target organs. What does this binding cause?
Adenylate cyclase to generate cyclic AMP from ATP
40
What is the test called to measure anemia?
Hematocrit
41
Platelets are fragments of large 'multi-nucleated' cells know as:
Megakaryotes
42
No observable cytoplasmic granules is called:
Agranules
43
No observable cytoplasmic granules is called:
Agranules
44
Insoluble compound that forms meshwork and is considered the structural basic of clot formation:
Fibrin
45
Insoluble compound that forms meshwork and is considered the structural basic of clot formation:
Fibrin
46
Another name for agglutinations? Agglutinations are proteins in the plasma.
Anti-bodies
47
Another name for agglutinations? Agglutinations are proteins in the plasma.
Anti-bodies
48
Leaukocytes move in and out of blood vessels to reach sites of inflammation, this is called:
Diapedesis
49
Leaukocytes move in and out of blood vessels to reach sites of inflammation, this is called:
Diapedesis
50
Nucleated cells that are formed in the bone marrow whose #'s avg 4k-11k per uL of blood
Leukocytes
51
Nucleated cells that are formed in the bone marrow whose #'s avg 4k-11k per uL of blood
Leukocytes
52
Mature, 'Anucleate' cells whose #'s avg 4.5 to 5 million per uL of blood:
Erythrocytes
53
Nonliving fluid matrix portion of blood:
Plasma
54
Technical name for blood clot:
Thrombus
55
What type of tissue is blood?
Connective tissue
56
What type of tissue is blood?
Connective tissue
57
Adult has an avg of how much blood?
5.5L
58
Least common blood type to Blacks and Asians...
AB
59
Process of blood clot formation...
Homeostasis
60
Whole blood is composed of plasma and ______.
Formed Elements
61
The largest of the leukocytes is called..
Monocytes
62
The smallest leukocytes are called...
Lymphocytes
63
Determine Hematocrit: Column height is 50mm to start. After spinning, bottom layer of tube is containing cells is 20mm/the top layer contains 30mm. What is the hematocrit value?
40
64
Determine Hematocrit: Column height is 50mm to start. After spinning, bottom layer of tube is containing cells is 20mm/the top layer contains 30mm. What is the hematocrit value?
40
65
What is the name for reduced hemoglobin? This is the form of hemoglobin that results after oxygen diffuses into the blood.
Oxyhemoglobin
66
This Leucocyte is present in high amounts when a patient has a parasitic infection.
Neutrophil
67
Hemoglobin measure within normal range is:
16 g/100 ml
68
Do monocytes have granules?
No
69
Erythrocyte development in order is:
Proerythroblast, Late erythroblast, normoblast, reticulocyte
70
Erythrocyte development in order is:
Proerythroblast, Late erythroblast, normoblast, reticulocyte
71
The slowest step in the clotting process is called:
Formation of prothrombin activator
72
Lack of intrinsic factor, leading to deficiency of vitamin B12 and large pale cells called macrocytes, is a characteristic of:
Pernicious anmeia
73
Sequence of clotting:
Formation of thromboplastin, prothrombin to thrombin, fibrinogen to fibrin, Clot retraction
74
Explain AB positive blood:
No antibodies to A or to B. -or- to Rh antigens in the plasma.
75
What is a precursor of a basophil?
Myeloblast
76
What is a precursor of a basophil?
Myeloblast
77
What causes the 'sickling of red blood cells' in people with sickle cell disease?
High altitude and vigorous exercise
78
When will erythroblastosis fetalis not happen:
Rh negative mother and Rh negative father

BIO202 (4 decks)

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