Exam 1

Question 1

Consumer Health (Definition)

Answer 1

• anything that relates to “this product might enhance our health”
• Encompasses all aspects of the marketplace related to the purchase of health services and products. (vitamins, meds, exercise equipment, doctor, dentist, insurance)

Question 2

Blinded Studies (Definition)

Answer 2

• studies that are performed in which the groups (test subjects) do not know if they are receiving the drug or placebo.
• double blinded studies: when neither the person doing the study or the study subjects know who is receiving what.

Question 3

Deductibles (Definition)

Answer 3

the amount of money a policy holder/beneficiary pays each year before the health insurance company begins paying for covered services

Question 4

Health Exclusions (Definition)

Answer 4

a specified health condition that is excluded from coverage

Question 5

Obamacare (Definition)

Answer 5

• The affordable care act
• increase the quality and affordability of health insurance, lower the uninsured rate by expanding public and private insurance coverage, reduce the costs of health care for individuals and the government.

Question 6

Bias (Definition)

Answer 6

prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.

Question 7

Peer-review (Definition)

Answer 7

a process in which work is reviewed by others who usually have equivalent or superior knowledge.

Question 8

Fixed Indemnity (Definition)

Answer 8

maximum amount an insurer will pay for a certain service.

Question 9

Placebo (Definition)

Answer 9

substance used in medical treatment that has no pharmaceutical effect on the problem it is being used to treat

Question 10

Quackery (Definition)

Answer 10

promotion of health practices or remedies that have no compelling scientific basis

Question 11

Co-Payment (Definition)

Answer 11

the flat fee that an insured person has to pay for each use of the health care system

Question 12

Randomization (Definition)

Answer 12

employ random selection or sampling in an experiment or procedure

Question 13

Health Fraud (Definition)

Answer 13

services or articles of unproven effectiveness that are promoted to improve health, well being or appearance.

Question 14

Premium (Definition)

Answer 14

• the amount a person and/or employer pays for insurance coverage.
• regular periodic payments

Question 15

Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)

Answer 15

Main Feature: to increase the quality and affordability of health insurance, lower the uninsured rate and reduce the cost of healthcare for individuals and the government
Year Enacted: 2010

Question 16

Health Maintenance and Insurance Act (HMO)

Answer 16

MF: attempt to bring down the cost of insurance by having health care services provided to everyone by their employers
YE: 1973

Question 17

Hill-Burton Act

Answer 17

MF: gives incentives to states to build hospitals
YE: 1946

Question 18

Social Security Act

Answer 18

MF: an attempt to limit what was seen as dangers in the modern American Life, such as old age, poverty, and unemployments
YE: 1935

Question 19

Medicare/Medicaid Act

Answer 19

MF: Medicare: given to senior citizens who were unable to afford medicare (required age 65)
Medicaid: given by the state, designed for certain people with low income
YE: 1965

Question 20

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Answer 20

MF: protects health insurance coverage for workers and their families when they change or lose their jobs
YE: 1996

Question 21

COBRA

Answer 21

Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
MF: provides certain former employees, retirees, spouses/former spouses and dependent children the right to temporary continuation of health coverage at group rates. Only available when coverage is lost due to certain specific events.
YE: 1986

Question 22

Health Security Act

Answer 22

Act that Hillary Clinton proposed
MF: to come up with a comprehensive plan to provide universal health care for all Americans
YE: 1993 (did not get voted on though)

Question 23

American Medical Association

Answer 23

Function: to promote art and science of medicine for the betterment of the public health, to advance the interests of physicians and their patients and to raise money for the medical education

Question 24

Centers for Disease Control

Answer 24

Function: main goal is to protect public health and safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury and disability. Focuses attention on developing and applying disease control and prevention

Question 25

World Health Organization

Answer 25

Function: came up with 3 goals for what a good health system should do: 1) good health 2) responsiveness 3) fairness in financing Evaluates health care delivered in 191 countries

Question 26

Preferred Provider Organizations

Answer 26

Function: The insured person may see any doctor. They make arrangements to for lower fees with a network of providers and give financial incentives to policy holders if they stay within the network.

Question 27

Food and Drug Administration

Answer 27

Function: safety and marketing of drugs, cosmetics, medical devices. Limited regulation of dietary supplements and herbs

Question 28

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations(JCAHO)

Answer 28

Function: organization that accredits over 16000 US institutions. If the facility you go to is JCAHO, your health care should be up to date and standard.

Question 29

Health Maintenance Organizations

Answer 29

Function: each patient has a primary care physician, who coordinates patient care. In order to see a specialist you must get a referral from your PCP and can only see the physicians approved by the HMO

Question 30

Hospices

Answer 30

Function: support care services that provide holistic care for dying persons, their families and loved ones. Usually given to patients with less than 6 months to live

Question 31

National Institute of Health

Answer 31

Function: is an agency of The US Department of Health and Human Services, responsible for biomedical and health-related research

Question 32

Amount of GDP spent on US healthcare

Answer 32

17-18%

Question 33

Cost of healthcare per person in US

Answer 33

$7,129

Question 34

Number of uninsured Americans

Answer 34

46 million

Question 35

WHO ranking of US healthcare in 2000 report

Answer 35

37