Exam 1 Flashcards by Sophie Zidlicky

Q

Brønsted-Lowry base

A

Proton acceptor

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Q

Lower the pka

A

Stronger the acid

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Q

Stronger the acid

A

Weaker the conjugate base

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Q

Weaker the acid

A

Stronger the conjugate base

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Q

Pka values

A

Refer to individual protons

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Q

When giving the pka of a molecule

A

Refer to the most acidic proton

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Q

Equilibrium

A

Favors the side of the weaker acid

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Q

If equilibrium favors the products

A

Keq is greater than 1

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Q

If equilibrium favors reactants

A

Keq is less than 1

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Q

Down the periodic table (halogens column)

A

Size, stability and acidity increase

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Q

A negative pka value indicates

A

Majority of the molecules of the acid are dissociated in water

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Q

Brønsted-Lowry acid

A

Proton donor (H+)

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Q

Lewis acid

A

Electron acceptor

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Q

Lewis base

A

Electron donor

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Q

Methane

A

CH4

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Q

Ethane

A

2 carbons

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Q

3 carbons

A

Propane

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Q

4 carbons

A

Butane

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Q

5 carbons

A

Pentane

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Q

6 carbons

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A

Hexane

Q

7 carbons

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A

Heptane

Q

8 carbons

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A

Octane

Q

9 carbons

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A

Nonane

Q

10 carbons

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A

Decane

Alkanes

Single bond

Alkenes

One or more double bonds

Alcohols

OH

Torsional strain

Eclipsed

Steric strain

Atoms bumping together

Angle strain

When an angle is greater than or less than the ideal angle

Torsional, steric and angle strain

Total molecular strain

Methane

CH4

Ethane

2 carbons

3 carbons

Propane

4 carbons

Butane

5 carbons

Pentane

6 carbons

Hexane

7 carbons

Heptane

8 carbons

Octane

9 carbons

Nonane

10 carbons

Decane

Alkanes

Single bond

Alkenes

One or more double bonds

Alcohols

OH

Torsional strain

Eclipsed

Steric strain

Atoms bumping together

Angle strain

When an angle is greater than or less than the ideal angle

Torsional, steric and angle strain

Total molecular strain