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Bio 182 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Single celled organism

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2
Q

Gradualism

A

Occurrence over a period of time

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3
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Multicellular organism

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4
Q

Speciation

A

Genetic changes over time

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5
Q

Phylogeny

A

Classification of organisms

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6
Q

Anaerobes

A

Do not require oxygen to live

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7
Q

Evolution

A

Scientific viewpoint

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8
Q

Creationism

A

Religious viewpoint

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9
Q

Aerobes

A

Require oxygen to live

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10
Q

Linnaeus

A

Binomial nomenclature

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11
Q

Heterotrophic

Autotrophy

A

Organisms called mixotrophs can obtain nutrients and energy from

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12
Q

Diplomonads

A

Protists that have two equal size nuclei and multiple flagella

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13
Q

Parabasalids

A

They have flagella and an undulating membrane

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14
Q

Kinetoplastid

A

Trypanosoma causes sleeping sickness and uses a “bait-and-switch” tatic to avoid detection by its hosts antibodies and it is a

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15
Q

Apicomplexan

A

In organism that is a parasite that causes malaria and has a complex of organelles at one end used for attacking pray belongs in the

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16
Q

Euglenid

A

An autotrophic/photosynthetic organism that has a light detector and chloroplast as well as two flagella

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17
Q

Dinoflagellate

A

An organism with two flagella arranged on perpendicular grooves and emits a bioluminescent glow when disturbed

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18
Q

Ciliate

A

A paramecium is a good example of a And exhibits many hair like cilia on its surface. Conjugation and reproduction are separate parts of their life cycle

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19
Q

Stramenopiles

A

A group that has both hairy and smooth flagella

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20
Q

Alveolates

A

Have membrane bound sacs beneath the plasma membrane

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21
Q

Euglenozoans

A

Have flagella with internal spiral or crystalline rods

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22
Q

Golden Algae

A

Algal group having yellow and brown carotenoids and are photosynthetic

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23
Q

Brown Algae

A

These are photosynthetic and are the largest and most complex of the stramenopile group

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24
Q

Diatoms

A

Organisms having silica wall and during mitosis the organism splits and each half generates a new half to fit

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25
Oomycetes
These cause potato blight and tend to be decomposers and parasites
26
Cercozoans | Radiolarians
Have thread like pseudopodia
27
Amoebozoans
Have lobe-shaped pseudopodia
28
Cellular
Slime molds can function as single cells or can form aggregates of cells that function as a unit if food is depleted
29
Plasmodial
Slime molds are brightly pigmented and have a single mass of cytoplasm with many nuclei
30
Green Algae
Are photosynthetic and contain many chloroplasts
31
Red Algae
Are photosynthetic and contain phycoerythrin
32
Lichen
Symbiotic relationship between fungus and algae Usually neither can grow on their own Can grow and harsh environment due to relationship, fungus gets water and minerals and other carries out photosynthesis
33
Micorrhizae
Symbiotic relationship between plants and fungi | Fungus helps obtain more nutrients by increasing surface area, plant also provides nutrients.
34
Exoenzymes
Hydrolytic enzymes released by fungi into their surroundings
35
Chitin
Component of fungi cell walls
36
Parasites
Absorbs nutrients for living hosts
37
Saprobes
Absorb of nutrients from dead matter
38
Mycelium
An interwoven mass of fungal hyphae that surrounds the material on which the fungus feeds
39
Septa
An incomplete cross wall dividing hyphae into separate cells
40
Coenocytic cells
Cells that lack septa
41
Ectomycorrhiza
Wraps itself around the plant roots
42
Haustoria
Specialized hyphae that penetrate cell walls
43
Phermones
Responsible for attracting adjacent hyphae to different mating types
44
Plasmogamy
The union of the cytoplasm of two parent mycelium
45
Facultative fungi
Maybe grown without a host
46
Obligate Fungi
Must have a host
47
Lichens
A symbiotic association of millions of photosynthetic microorganisms held in a mass of fungal hyphae
48
Mychorrizae
A relationship between fungi and roots of plants
49
Karyogamy
Fusion of nuclei contributed by two fungi individuals
50
Dikaryon
A hyphae with two haploid nuclei
51
Chytrids
Unique among fungi and having flagellated spores called zoospores
52
Zygomycetes
Plasmogamy of these fungi produce is a sturdy structure called a zygosporangium
53
Basidiomycytes
Bear with spores on a pedestal
54
Ascomycetes
Bear with spores in a sac
55
Pilobolus
A zygomycete that uses a light spot to aim it's sporangia toward a good food source
56
Miscorspordia
Unicellular parasites of animals and protist that do not have conventional mitochondria
57
Arbuscular
A distinct of endomycorrhizae formed by glomeromycetes
58
Soredia
Small clusters of hyphae with embedded algae
59
Gradualism
Profound geological changes took place through the cumulative effect of slow but continuous process identical to those currently operating
60
Artificial selection
The process of deliberate selecting and breeding individuals with desired traits
61
Population
According to evolutionary Theory The smallest entity that can evolve
62
Homologus
Anatomical resemblance that represent variations on a structural seem present in a common ancestor
63
Gene flow
Movement of alleles among populations
64
Genetics Drift
Allele frequencies fluctuate unpredictability from one generation to the next
65
Stabilizing
The type of selection occurs in both the smallest and largest individuals contribute if you were offspring the next generation
66
Disruptive
The largest and smallest individuals contribute more offspring than those at the middle
67
Quantitative
Characters such as height are those the vary along a continua within a population
68
Biological species concept
Defining a species as a population whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable fertile offspring
69
Macroevolution
Evolutionary changes resulting in a speciation
70
Microevolution
Study of adaptive changes within a population
71
Prezygotic
spatial isolation is an example of this barrier
72
Postzygotic
Does not develop into a viable fertile adult or if the hybrids are vigorous yet sterile
73
Ecological species concept
Defining a species in terms of the set of environmental resources they species uses and it's role in the biological community
74
Horizontal gene transfer
The movement of genes from one genome to another

Bio 182 (3 decks)

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