Exam 1 Flashcards
1
Q
At what age do primary teeth emerge from the oral cavity?
A
8 months (6-12)
2
Q
What are the first primary teeth that emerge?
A
Mandibular central incisors
3
Q
What are the last primary teeth to emerge and when do they usually emerge?
A
Maxillary second molars emerge last at approx. 28 months
4
Q
When should the first permanent teeth begin to emerge?
A
At 6 years old
5
Q
What are the first permanent teeth to emerge and start the period known as “mixed dentition”?
A
Mandibular first molars
6
Q
How long does mixed dentition last?
A
6-12 years of age (6 yrs.)
7
Q
What marks the start of “Permanent dentition”?
A
The second molars begin to erupt and the primary molars are being replaced by the permanent premolars at approx. 12 years old
8
Q
When is eruption of the permanent dentition (except for third molars) finished?
A
Usually at the age of 14 - 15 years old
9
Q
When will third molars usually erupt?
A
Age 18 - 25
10
Q
Clinical crown
A
Part of the tooth that can be seen
11
Q
Clinical root
A
Part of the tooth that is covered by the gingiva
12
Q
Anatomical crown
A
Part of the tooth that is covered by enamel
13
Q
Anatomical root
A
Part of the tooth that is covered with the cementum
14
Q
CEJ
A
Cementoenamel junction, which is the area marked by the cervical line, where the cementum and the enamel meet
15
Q
Apex of the root
A
tip of the root
16
Q
Apical foramen
A
opening at the root apex
17
Q
Pulp horn
A
The projections in the roof of the pulp chamber that correspond to the major cusps
18
Q
Pulp chamber
A
crown portion of a tooth that contains the pulp tissues
19
Q
Root canal
A
The root portion of the tooth that contains the pulp tissue
20
Q
Furcation
A
The area of the multi-rooted tooth where the root divides
21
Q
Root trunk
A
The area of the root between the CEJ and the furcation
22
Q
Alveolar process
A
The portion of the jaw that serves to support the tooth
23
Q
Alveolus
A
The bone of the tooth socket
24
Q
Radicular
A
Relating to the root of the tooth
25
Coronal
Relating to the crown of the tooth
26
What are the 3 horizontal sections of the crown of a tooth?
Incisal/Occlusal, Middle, and Cervical
27
What are the 3 horizontal sections of the root of a tooth?
Cervical, middle, and apical
28
What is a lobe?
One of the primary sections of formation in the development of the crown. Includes cusps, cingulum, and mamelons
29
Tubercle
An elevation on the crown produced by an extra formation of enamel. Usually only used when there is a deviation from the typical form.
30
Embrasures
Spillways that are found between the two adjacent teeth
31
Incisal ridge
The portion of the crown which makes up the complete incisal portion
32
Incisal edge
The angle formed by the merging of the linguo-incisal surface and the labial surface
33
What tooth is widest mesiodistally of the anterior teeth?
Maxillary central incisors
34
What shape is the root of the maxillary central incisors?
cone-shaped
35
Is the incisal dip of the maxillary central incisor more pronounced on the mesial or distal side?
The mesial side
36
Which direction does the root of the maxillary lateral incisor usually point?
Distally
37
Where is the mesial contact of the maxillary lateral incisor?
At the junction of the incisal and middle 1/3
38
Where is the distal contact of the maxillary lateral incisor?
Middle 1/3
39
The root of the maxillary central incisor is larger than the crown by what factor?
1.5
40
What is the deep developmental groove that sometimes extends onto the root of the maxillary lateral incisor?
Palato-gingival groove or palato-radicular groove
41
In the maxillary central incisor, how does the labio-lingual dimension compare to the mesiodistal dimension?
The mesiodistal dimension is larger
42
In the maxillary lateral incisor, how does the labio-lingual dimension compare to the mesiodistal dimension?
They are equal
43
At what angle does the maxillary central incisor lie to the mid-sagittal plane of the face?
2 degrees
44
At what angle does the maxillary lateral incisor lie to the mid-sagittal plane of the face?
7 degrees
45
How do the mandibular incisors compare mesiodistally to the other teeth?
They are smaller
46
Which is larger, the mandibular central incisors, or the mandibular lateral incisors?
The mandibular central incisors
47
Where are the contacts located on the mandibular incisors?
Near the incisal edges
48
Where is the height of contour of the maxillary central incisors?
Mesial height of contour: Incisal 1/3
| Distal height of contour: Junction of the incisal and middle 1/3
49
Which direction does the root of the mandibular central incisors usually point?
Distally
50
How does the labiolingual dimension compare to the mesiodistal dimension in the mandibular central incisors?
The labiolingual dimension is greater
51
What is the function of the canines?
To tear food
52
Why are the canines so important?
The canines are important in maintaining the canine eminence, youthful look, and occlusion by protecting the posterior teeth
53
Why is are the canine teeth usually the last teeth to be lost?
They have the longest root
54
In the maxillary canines, which is shorter in length, the mesial cusp ridge, or the distal cusp ridge?
The mesial cusp ridge is shorter
55
How do the maxillary canines compare to the maxillary central incisor mesiodistally?
They are narrower
56
How do the maxillary canines compare to the maxillary central incisor incisocervically?
They are equal
57
Where is the mesial contact of the maxillary canines?
The junction of the incisal and middle 1/3
58
Where is the distal contact of the maxillary canine?
At the middle 1/3
59
Where is the cusp tip of the maxillary canine in relation to the bisector?
It is more facial
60
In the maxillary canine, where is the root outline straight?
In the cervical 2/3
61
Is the incisal curvature of the maxillary canines more pronounced on the mesial or distal side?
The mesial side
62
In the maxillary canines, which dimension is greater, the faciolingual or mesiodistal?
The faciolingual dimension is greater
63
How does the mesiodistal dimension of the mandibular canines compare to the mandibular incisors?
The mandibular canines are wider mesiodistally
64
Which is shorter in mandibular canines, the mesial or distal cusp ridge?
The mesial cusp ridge
65
In the mandibular canines, where is the mesial contact and the distal contact?
Mesial contact: Incisal 1/3
| Distal contact: Middle 1/3
66
Can the root of the mandibular canine be bifurcated?
Yes
67
Which direction does the root of the mandibular canine curve?
Mesially
68
Where does the cusp tip of the mandibular canines lie as compared to the bisector?
Lingually
69
In normal class 1 occlusion, where do the mandibular canines in relation to the maxillary canines?
Lingually
70
What type of teeth may not reflect permanence?
Succedaneous teeth
71
Function of Incisors
To cut and shear food
72
Where on the crown of the maxillary central incisors is the tooth convex?
Cervical 1/3
73
Where is the crown of the maxillary central incisors flat?
the middle and incisal 1/3
74
In the maxillary lateral incisor, which marginal ridge is narrower, the mesial or distal?
Mesial marginal ridge
75
How does the lingual fossa of the maxillary lateral incisor compare to that of the maxillary central incisor?
It is more concave
76
How does the root shape of the maxillary lateral incisor compare to the maxillary central incisor?
It is more pointed
77
What is the shape of the proximal outline of the maxillary central and lateral incisors?
Triangular
78
Which teeth are narrower mesiodistally, mandibular central incisors or mandibular lateral incisors?
Mandibular central incisors
79
How does the labial surface of the mandibular central incisors compare to all the other teeth?
It is smooth, flat, and has the least developmental anatomy
80
Where is the facial surface of the mandibular central incisors flat?
The incisal 2/3
81
Where does the incisal ridge of the mandibular central incisor lie as compared to the bisector?
On or lingual to the bisector
82
Do the mandibular central incisors have a cingulum?
No
83
How does the shape of the distoincisal angle compare to the mesioincisal angle in the mandibular lateral incisors?
It is more rounded
84
In the maxillary canines, what separates the mesial and distal fossae?
The lingual ridge
85
Does the maxillary canine have a small, and poor, or large, and well developed cingulum?
Large and well developed
86
How does the form of the mandibular canines compare to the maxillary canines?
similar but smaller in all dimensions
87
How does the cingulum of the mandibular canine compare to the maxillary canine?
It is less developed
88
Which has more convexity of the crown, the mandibular canines or maxillary canines?
Maxillary canines
89
Where can you find labial wear facets?
On the mandibular canines
90
Which teeth would most likely have lingual wear facets?
Maxillary canines
91
When do the deciduous teeth begin to form prenatally?
Approx. 14 weeks in utero
92
Humans are considered what type of phyodont?
Diphyodont
93
What is the correct number formula for the permanent mammalian teeth quadrant?
I2 C1 P2 M3
94
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All of the following are considered to be hard tissues except:
A) Dentin
B) Enamel
C) Pulp
D) Cementum
```
C) Pulp
95
What part of the gingiva sits between the cervical or gingival embrasures?
Interdental papilla (IDP)
96
What are the two purposes of embrasures?
1. Provides a spillway for food
| 2. Prevents food from being forced into the contact areas
97
What is a line angle?
The junction of two surfaces of a tooth
98
What is a point angle?
The junction of three surfaces of a tooth
99
How many line angles are present in the anterior teeth?
6
100
How many line angles are present in the posterior teeth?
8
101
How many point angles are present in all teeth?
4
102
Which tooth has the most developed cingulum?
The maxillary canines
103
What tooth can you find a distal buldge?
Maxillary canine
