Exam 1

Question 1

the study of matter

Answer 1

chemistry

Question 2

the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical characteristics of that element

Answer 2

atom

Question 3

group of atoms held together in a particular pattern and proportion

Answer 3

molecules

Question 4

charged atoms/groups of atoms

Answer 4

ions

Question 5

ionized gas

Answer 5

plasma

Question 6

pure substance, cannot be separated into simpler substance by chemical process

Answer 6

element

Question 7

made of 2 or more elements bonded together in fixed proportions

Answer 7

compound

Question 8

related to appearance or state of matter-not composition

Answer 8

physical property

Question 9

related to change in composition of matter

Answer 9

chemical property

Question 10

all samples of a particular compound contain the same elements combined in the same proportion

Answer 10

Law of Constant Composition

Question 11

components are distributed uniformly throughout

Answer 11

Homogenous mixtures

Question 12

AKA solutions

Answer 12

Homogenous mixtures

Question 13

not uniformly distributed throughout, contains distinct regions of different composition

Answer 13

Heterogeneous mixtures

Question 14

process using evaporation/condensation to separate mixture of substances w/ different volatilities

Answer 14

Distillation

Question 15

a process to separate solid particles from a liquid or gaseous sample by passing the sample thru a porous material that retains the solid particle

Answer 15

Filtrations

Question 16

process involving stationary and mobile phases for separating a mixture of substances based on their different affinities for the two types of phases

Answer 16

Chromatography

Question 17

Tera-

Answer 17

10^12

Question 18

Giga-

Answer 18

10^9

Question 19

Mega-

Answer 19

10^6

Question 20

Kilo

Answer 20

10^3

Question 21

Centi-

Answer 21

10^-2

Question 22

Milli-

Answer 22

10^-3

Question 23

Micro-

Answer 23

10^-6

Question 24

Nano-

Answer 24

10^-9

Question 25

Property independent of amount of element present

Answer 25

Intensive property

Question 26

property dependent on amount of element present

Answer 26

Extensive property

Question 27

can be observed without changing into another substance

Answer 27

Physical property

Question 28

can only be observed by reacting it to form another substance

Answer 28

Chemical property

Question 29

how tightly particles are packed in a substance

Answer 29

density

Question 30

Density=?

Answer 30

Mass/Volume

Question 31

explanation or model of some natural phenomena

Answer 31

theory

Question 32

explains WHY

Answer 32

theory

Question 33

explains WHAT

Answer 33

law

Question 34

A pure chemical substance will always have the same elements in the same relative amounts

Answer 34

Law of Definite Proportions

Question 35

Elements can combine in different way to form different chemical compounds with mass ratios that are small whole number multiples of each other

Answer 35

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 36

elements are made up of tiny particles called atoms

Answer 36

Dalton's Atomic Theory

Question 37

In chemical reactions atoms are unchanged, they are just rearranged

Answer 37

Dalton's Atomic Theory

Question 38

1m^3= (volume)

Answer 38

10^6 cm^3

Question 39

1cm^3= (volume)

Answer 39

10^-6 m^3

Question 40

Commonly measure solid volume in...

Answer 40

cm^3

Question 41

Commonly measure liquid or gas volume in...

Answer 41

mL

Question 42

1L= (volume-two answers)

Answer 42

1 dm^3, 1000mL

Question 43

1 dm^3 = (volume-two answers)

Answer 43

1L, 1000mL

Question 44

1 mL= (volume)

Answer 44

1 cm^3

Question 45

1 in= (length)

Answer 45

2.54 cm

Question 46

2.54 cm = (length)

Answer 46

1 in

Question 47

pico-

Answer 47

10^-12

Question 48

K= (temperature)

Answer 48

C + 273.15

Question 49

Energy=

Answer 49

Work + Heat

Question 50

quantity of energy transferred because of a temperature difference without a phase change or/and because of a phase change at constant temperature

Answer 50

Heat

Question 51

energy required to move an object through a given distance

Answer 51

work

Question 52

energy associated with the composition and/or position

Answer 52

potential energy

Question 53

the study of energy and its transformation

Answer 53

thermodynamics

Question 54

the study of the relation between chemical reactions and changes in energy

Answer 54

thermochemistry

Question 55

the part of the universe that is the focus of a thermodynamic study

Answer 55

System

Question 56

system that allows mass and heat transfer

Answer 56

Open system

Question 57

system that allows only heat transfer

Answer 57

Closed system

Question 58

system that has no exchanges of mass and heat

Answer 58

Isolated system

Question 59

Everything in the universe no part of a the system

Answer 59

Surroundings

Question 60

Energy required to separate molecules

Answer 60

Endothermic process

Question 61

Energy released

Answer 61

Exothermic process

Question 62

e- distributed throughout diffuse, positively charged sphere

Answer 62

Plum-Pudding Model

Question 63

Spontaneous emission of high-energy radiation (gamma) and Alpha and Beta particles

Answer 63

Radioactivity

Question 64

Where is most of an atom's mass?

Answer 64

Nucleus

Question 65

atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers

Answer 65

Isotopes

Question 66

The sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus

Answer 66

Mass number

Question 67

Number of protons in an atom's nucleus. Equivalent to the number of electrons around the atom's nucleus

Answer 67

Atomic Number

Question 68

A specific isotope of an element

Answer 68

Nuclide

Question 69

Masses and abundances of isotopes are measured with what?

Answer 69

A mass spectrometer

Question 70

A graph that gives the relative mass and relative abundance of each particle

Answer 70

Mass spectrum

Question 71

Weighted average of an element's isotopic masses

Answer 71

Atomic mass