Exam 1 Flashcards by Thomas Goodwyn

Hermeneutics:

interpreting Scripture correctly

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What standard do we measure Scripture by?

the Canon

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Canon:

a measuring stick/rod

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Autograph:

the original book written by the original author

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The word Inspiration deals with…

…source - where did the Scripture come from

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Inspiration: (Lt.)

to breath out

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The word inerrancy deals with…

…accuracy - to what extent is Scripture accurate

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3 Views of Inerrancy:

Absolute Inerrancy
Full Inerrancy
Limited Inerrancy

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Absolute Inerrancy:

Scripture is totally without error

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Full Inerrancy:

The Bible is true, not a textbook but the events are phenomenal and correct.

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Limited Inerrancy:

Only salvation passages are correct; everything else is up for grabs.

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{Date} Current NT came together in final form in:

367 AD

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What created the influx of pagans in 312/313 AD?

The Edict of Milan

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The External Factor which caused the Church to begin identifying theology and which books were authoritative:

The influx of pagans into Christianity (Edict of Milan)

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The Edict of Milan:

Constantine legalized Christianity

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5 Internal Factors contributing to the NT Canon:

Marcion’s Canon
Justin
Septuagint
Irenaeus
Origen

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Marcion’s Canon:

Rejected the OT and only accepted Luke and Paul’s Epistles

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Justin:

2nd Century Church Father considered the NT equal in authority to the OT

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The Septuagint or LXX:

70 men translated the OT Scriptures into Greek

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Irenaeus:

Knew of the 4 Gospels, 1 Peter, 1 John and Paul’s letters

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Origen:

Coined the term “New Testament” and first list to emerge as a NT list of books

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{Date} Council of Nicea met in…

325 AD

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Council of Nicea:

Church fathers discussed “Who is Jesus?”

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Arius:

Bishop thought Jesus was 50/50 (man/God)

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Athanasius:

Bishop thought Jesus was fully man/fully God

Which Bishop's position on Jesus won at the Council of Nicea?

Athanasius' position

Orthodox:

right teaching

Heresy:

false teaching

Who compiled the first list of 27 NT books and in what year?

Athanasius in 367 AD

Codex:

a book with pages bound together in modern style

Uncial:

all capital letters, no spacing, no punctuation

Papyrus:

plant materials on which documents were writtten

Vellum:

treated calfskin

Parchment:

treated sheep skin (NT written on Parchment)

{Date} The Intertestamental Period:

600 BC - 0 AD

Hellenism:

gk. influence on the NT world

A conservative Jewish sect that arose in Palestine 150 BC as a result of Hellenism:

Hasidim

Hasidim were seeking to...

...restore the faith of their fathers (OT Judaism)

Hasidim aka.

. Pharisees

{Date} Rome Founded:

750 BC

Revived the state religion and took the Census in Luke 2

Augustus

Crucifixion of Jesus occurred under his reign

Tiberius

Mentally ill demanded to be worshipped as a god; assassinated by guards

Caligula

Strongly opposed foreign "cults" and expelled Aquila and Priscilla from Rome:

Claudius

Peter and Paul murdered under his rule blamed Christians for burning of Rome:

Nero

A soldier who had Jerusalem destroyed; built the coliseum:

Vespasian

Exiled John to Patmos:

Domitian

When was the fall of Jerusalem:

70 AD

What two aspects of Jewish life disappeared when Babylon destroyed the temple?

1. The Monarchy | 2. Prophetic Office

What replaced "Temple Worship"?

The Synagogue

The synagogue created a New Office:

The Scribe

Rebuilt the Temple twice the size and murdered Bethlehem's babies:

Herod the Great

Inherited Judea and Samaria; reason Joseph went to Galilee:

Herod Archelaus

Inherited NE of Galilee married to Herodias; daughter Salome

Herod Philip:

Called a "Fox" by Jesus, married Herodias Killed John the Baptist

Herod Antipas

Regained Herod's land, killed James Zebedee

Herod Agrippa I

Trial of Paul, sided with Rome in destruction of Jerusalem:

Herod Agrippa II

Polytheistic, assimilated from Gks:

Graeco-Roman Pantheon Religion

A theological salad bar; mix of various (mainly eastern) religions:

Mystery Religions

All roads lead to ___ but only one road leads to ___ ______

God; God salvifically

Passover:

Exodus from Egypt

Pentecost:

God giving law at Sinai

Feast of Trumpets:

New Year

Feast of Atonement (Yom Kippur):

Forgiveness of National Sin

Feast of Tabernacles:

Wanderings in the Desert

Feast of Lights:

Re-dedication of the Temple

- legalistic; - largest religious group in the Bible; - trying to protect faith in One God.

Pharisees

Meaning of the word Pharisees:

"purists" or "separatists"

Pharisees Theology:

Entire OT Canon, angels immortality of soul, physical resurrection of body, strict Sabbath adherence

- Strict interp. of the law - denied angels and oral tradition - no personal immortality:

Sadducees

Sadducees' life centered around...

...sacrificing animals

What event caused the end of the Sadducees?

The destruction of the Temple

Ascetic, monk-like group, withdrew from Jerus. bc Pharisees too liberal

Essenes

Essenes two main beliefs:

Repentance and Baptism

Scholars believe what famous NT figure was raised by Essenes:

John the Baptist

Where were the Dead Sea scrolls found?

Qumran

Jewish Nationalists believed in freedom from Rome through violence:

Zealots

Two Famous Zealots:

1. Simon the Apostle | 2. Barrabas

What event ended the Zealots?

Destruction of the Temple in 70 AD

Syn- (Gk.) | Optic- (Gk.)

- together | - "to see"

3 Synoptic Gospels:

Matthew, Mark, Luke

The Synoptic Problem (Long):

1. If 3 synoptic gospels are totally independent, why do they resemble each other, even to exact verbal agreement in places? 2. If on other hand they collaborated, how could they be 3 independent witnesses to Christ?

Synoptic Problem Summary:

Did the writers copy each other, did they use a common source, or did they collaborate?

4 Theoretical Answers to the Synoptic Problem:

1. Pre-Critical Explanation 2. Tradition Theory 3. Form Criticism 4. Redaction Criticism

The early church fathers attempted a simple harmonization of the Gospels

Pre-Critical Explanation

A foundational document existed that no longer exists from which the three synoptics draw their sources

Tradition Theory

Period when the gospels were transmitted orally. These sources were compiled and circulated independently by the disciples

Form Criticism

Different gospels were written for different audiences

Redaction Criticism

Matthew's Audience:

Jewish

Mark's Audience:

Gentile

Luke's Audience:

Theophilus

Two Document Theory:

Mark--> Matthew, Luke

Four Document Theory:

Same as Two Document but with two outside sources (M and L) contributing to Matthew and Luke respectively.

Exam 1 Flashcards

(93 cards)